The document describes a smart note taker product that allows users to take notes by writing in the air. The notes are sensed and stored digitally. Key features include allowing blind users to write freely, and enabling instructors to write notes during presentations that are broadcast to students. It works using sensors to detect 3D writing motions, which are processed, stored, and can be viewed on a display or sent to other devices. An applet program and database are used to recognize words written in the air and print them. The smart note taker offers advantages over digital pens like ease of use and time savings.
This document discusses bio-batteries as a next generation fuel source. Bio-batteries generate electricity from renewable fuels like glucose through the use of enzymes or microorganisms. They work by using biological catalysts to break down fuels and produce electrons and protons, storing this energy for later use. Recent prototypes demonstrate improved power density and temperature stability. While still being researched, bio-batteries show promise as portable, renewable, and eco-friendly power sources for applications like medical devices.
The document discusses paper batteries, which are flexible, ultra-thin energy storage devices made by combining carbon nanotubes with paper. A paper battery acts as both a battery and supercapacitor. It has advantages over traditional lithium-ion batteries such as being thinner, more flexible, and operating over a wider temperature range. Paper batteries are constructed by coating carbon nanotube films onto substrates and sandwiching them between electrolyte layers and paper. They work by producing electrons through the interaction of electrolytes during charging and discharging. Potential applications include powering small electronics and medical devices.
This document discusses polyfuses, which are resettable fuses made of PPTC material. Polyfuses provide overcurrent protection and automatically reset after fault conditions. They operate by rapidly increasing resistance when temperatures rise due to excessive current, which decreases current flow. This protects circuits from damage. Polyfuses come in various forms and ratings and offer advantages over conventional fuses like longer life, compact size, and no need for replacement after tripping. They are widely used to protect electronics, appliances, power supplies and more.
This document discusses optical computers, which use photons and light beams rather than electricity to perform computations. Optical computers offer advantages like immunity to electromagnetic interference, low transmission loss, large bandwidth, and parallel communication capabilities. They use components like VCSELs (vertical cavity surface emitting lasers) and photonic crystals to transmit and manipulate light for computations. While optical computers promise increased speeds, some challenges remain in miniaturizing optical components and addressing issues like interference from dust particles.
The document describes a medical mirror that can track and display a user's heart rate in real time using only a webcam, without any external sensors. The mirror consists of an LCD monitor with a built-in webcam connected to analysis software running on a laptop. It uses computer vision techniques to detect the user's face, extract color signals, and analyze the frequency corresponding to heart rate. The technology provides a low-cost, convenient way to monitor heart rate and could help detect potential health issues.
Assistive Technology Principles and Practicekeyaunam
This document discusses assistive technology (AT), including definitions of AT, different types of AT, and levels of AT. It aims to define AT, explore student perspectives on AT, and examine legal definitions. Some key points covered include that AT can range from low-tech aids that require no power to high-tech computerized devices, and that AT is designed specifically for people with disabilities, whereas universal design aims to benefit all people. The document also lists different types of AT and presents models to illustrate the range and levels of AT.
The document describes a smart note taker product that allows users to take notes by writing in the air. The notes are sensed and stored digitally. Key features include allowing blind users to write freely, and enabling instructors to write notes during presentations that are broadcast to students. It works using sensors to detect 3D writing motions, which are processed, stored, and can be viewed on a display or sent to other devices. An applet program and database are used to recognize words written in the air and print them. The smart note taker offers advantages over digital pens like ease of use and time savings.
This document discusses bio-batteries as a next generation fuel source. Bio-batteries generate electricity from renewable fuels like glucose through the use of enzymes or microorganisms. They work by using biological catalysts to break down fuels and produce electrons and protons, storing this energy for later use. Recent prototypes demonstrate improved power density and temperature stability. While still being researched, bio-batteries show promise as portable, renewable, and eco-friendly power sources for applications like medical devices.
The document discusses paper batteries, which are flexible, ultra-thin energy storage devices made by combining carbon nanotubes with paper. A paper battery acts as both a battery and supercapacitor. It has advantages over traditional lithium-ion batteries such as being thinner, more flexible, and operating over a wider temperature range. Paper batteries are constructed by coating carbon nanotube films onto substrates and sandwiching them between electrolyte layers and paper. They work by producing electrons through the interaction of electrolytes during charging and discharging. Potential applications include powering small electronics and medical devices.
This document discusses polyfuses, which are resettable fuses made of PPTC material. Polyfuses provide overcurrent protection and automatically reset after fault conditions. They operate by rapidly increasing resistance when temperatures rise due to excessive current, which decreases current flow. This protects circuits from damage. Polyfuses come in various forms and ratings and offer advantages over conventional fuses like longer life, compact size, and no need for replacement after tripping. They are widely used to protect electronics, appliances, power supplies and more.
This document discusses optical computers, which use photons and light beams rather than electricity to perform computations. Optical computers offer advantages like immunity to electromagnetic interference, low transmission loss, large bandwidth, and parallel communication capabilities. They use components like VCSELs (vertical cavity surface emitting lasers) and photonic crystals to transmit and manipulate light for computations. While optical computers promise increased speeds, some challenges remain in miniaturizing optical components and addressing issues like interference from dust particles.
The document describes a medical mirror that can track and display a user's heart rate in real time using only a webcam, without any external sensors. The mirror consists of an LCD monitor with a built-in webcam connected to analysis software running on a laptop. It uses computer vision techniques to detect the user's face, extract color signals, and analyze the frequency corresponding to heart rate. The technology provides a low-cost, convenient way to monitor heart rate and could help detect potential health issues.
Assistive Technology Principles and Practicekeyaunam
This document discusses assistive technology (AT), including definitions of AT, different types of AT, and levels of AT. It aims to define AT, explore student perspectives on AT, and examine legal definitions. Some key points covered include that AT can range from low-tech aids that require no power to high-tech computerized devices, and that AT is designed specifically for people with disabilities, whereas universal design aims to benefit all people. The document also lists different types of AT and presents models to illustrate the range and levels of AT.
Communication Based Train Control (Mobile Train Radio Communication)Suraj Talreja
This document provides an overview of Mobile Train Radio Communication (MTRC) systems. It discusses how MTRC systems allow trains to continuously communicate their exact position, speed, and direction to trackside equipment to safely manage train traffic and spacing. The document outlines the typical components, architecture, benefits, and risks of MTRC systems. It also provides examples of MTRC system projects in India and discusses the initial implementation and challenges of early MTRC systems in India.
classification of biomaterials by vishnumenon.mVishnu Menon
This document discusses different types of biomaterials used in medical applications. It defines biomaterials as materials used for structural applications in medicine to replace damaged body parts. Biomaterials are classified as metals and alloys, ceramics, polymers, and composites. Examples of applications for each type are provided, such as stainless steel and cobalt alloys for implants, calcium phosphates for bone repair, polymers for medical devices and drug delivery, and dental composites. The advantages and disadvantages of each material are summarized.
This document provides an overview of transducers for biomedical applications. It defines transducers as devices that convert one form of energy into another for measurement purposes. It classifies transducers as active or passive, analog or digital, and primary or secondary. It also discusses various transducer principles including capacitive, inductive, resistive, and piezoelectric. The document then focuses on specific biomedical applications, describing transducers used to measure electrical activity, blood pressure, blood flow, temperature, respiration, and pulse. Common transducer types for these applications include electrodes, strain gauges, inductive sensors, capacitive sensors, thermistors, and fiber optic sensors.
The document discusses batteries and paper batteries. It begins with an introduction to batteries, noting that they convert chemical energy to electrical energy and were invented in 1800. It then discusses different types of batteries such as primary and secondary batteries, as well as different classifications. The document then focuses on paper batteries, explaining that they are made from carbon nanotubes and paper and can be shaped without loss of integrity. Paper batteries produce electricity similarly to lithium-ion batteries and have applications such as powering smart cards and toys.
In order to meet the ever-increasing demand for water for industrial, agricultural and commercial purposes, bore wells are dug. With the huge increase in activities, groundwater is not available at all places. This increases the number of borewells with which water is obtained from aquifers present in the lower surfaces of the ground. Most bore wells that are constructed for the pure of water extraction are found in areas where there is a human activity, and some of these are unsuccessful in yielding any groundwater. These bore wells are often left open which has been known to be hazardous to children.
My solution for this involves IoT device fixed on the safety jacket which is called Smart safety jacket.The Smart Safety Jacket enables complete safety of the employees working in mining and construction industries by installing a different type of sensors like Temperature sensor, Humidity sensor, Ultrasonic sensor, Motion sensor, Gas sensor, Sound sensor, RFID, Emergency Panel, and Notification Panel. These sensors connected to the network through Wi-Fi makes more relevant and valuable ever than before. In case of emergency, immediate notification will be sent to an admin who is monitoring entire miners in the mining industry and immediate action will be taken to rescue miner from the hazard.
The whole process can be stated in two points.
1. The miner has to wear the smart safety jacket (connected with the sensors) which is connected to the control room via a network.
2. A Monitor in the control room who is continuously monitoring the miners and the mining site should check the hazard status and alert and rescue the miners in case of any critical situation.
Thus the mining environment and miners will be protected from the hazard.
Micro-robotics involves the field of miniature robotics dealing with mobile robots that are less than 1 mm in size. Early research in the 1970s by U.S. intelligence agencies explored applications for prisoner rescue and intelligence gathering. Advances in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) in the 1980s helped enable further development. Due to their small size, microbots could potentially be used in large numbers for applications such as search and rescue in dangerous environments. One challenge is achieving motion with limited power, though microbots may use small batteries or scavenge energy from vibrations or light. Advances in wireless connectivity now allow microbots to coordinate to perform complex tasks.
This document provides a summary of smart glasses technologies. It begins with an introduction to smart glasses and their basic functions. It then compares smart glasses to previous technologies, noting limitations such as short battery life and occasional use. The document outlines several display technologies used in smart glasses and lists their key features. It discusses potential healthcare applications and uses for documentation, productivity, and assisting blind or visually impaired individuals. In closing, it examines the advantages and disadvantages of smart glasses as well as future development plans.
The document describes the Medical Mirror, an invention by Ming-Zher Poh at MIT in 2009. The Medical Mirror uses a webcam and two-way mirror installed in a frame to non-invasively measure a person's heart rate when they look at their reflection. It works by detecting subtle light absorption changes caused by blood flow with each heartbeat. The mirror provides real-time heart rate readings and has advantages over traditional sensors by being contact-free and fitting seamlessly into the home environment to conveniently track health. Future work aims to expand its physiological monitoring capabilities.
This document discusses various applications of MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) and nanotechnology in medical technologies. It describes how MEMS allows for miniaturization of medical devices to dimensions smaller than a human hair. Some benefits mentioned include low sample and power requirements. Examples provided include "lab on a pill" endoscopy, MEMS surgical tools like scalpels and skin resurfacing tools, microneedles for drug delivery, and smart pills with biosensors and drug reservoirs. Challenges for MEMS medical devices include ensuring biocompatibility, long device lifetimes, data retrieval, and stability in body fluids.
BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (BMS) IN ELECTRIC VEHICLESBhagavathyP
Why we need BMS?
General function of BMS
Block diagram of BMS
Battery pack – Voltage, Current, Temperature and Isolation sensing
HV contactor control
BMS communications interface
Estimation of energy and power and SOC
Methods to find SOC
Cell Balancing
Relationship between SOC and DOD
This document describes a gas leakage detection system that uses a gas sensor to detect propane and butane leaks. When gas is detected, the system sends an SMS alert using a GSM module, sounds an alarm, and uses stepper motors to shut off the main power and gas supply. The system is designed to automatically detect and respond to gas leaks in an affordable and accurate way. It provides both hardware and software designs to achieve this functionality.
This document discusses electrical safety in medical environments. It outlines several hazards posed by electricity in these settings, including fire, hazardous substances, waste products, sound, electricity, and disasters. It then examines the physiological effects of electric current on the human body, such as stimulation of nerves and muscles, heating of tissues, and electrochemical burns. Threshold currents for perception, involuntary muscle contractions, respiratory paralysis and ventricular fibrillation are provided. The document also discusses electric power distribution, isolation systems, emergency power systems, electric faults in equipment, microshocks, and conductive paths to the heart in clinical devices.
This document describes an IoT-based health monitoring system created by three group members. The system uses sensors to measure a patient's heartbeat and temperature, which are sent wirelessly to a monitoring center. The monitoring center allows for real-time analysis of the vital sign data and emergency alerts. The system aims to allow doctors to remotely monitor patients at low cost using embedded technology.
This document discusses the design and specifications of a solar mobile phone charger. It begins with an introduction to solar cells and the photovoltaic process. It then provides details on the components used, including a high-efficiency mono-crystalline silicon solar panel rated at 5.5V/1000mA. The block diagram and circuit diagram are presented. Applications and advantages include portable power generation with no emissions. Disadvantages include high initial cost and inability to store power. The conclusion notes benefits such as increased battery life and lack of ripples when using direct DC charging from the solar panel.
Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots. A robot is usually an electro-mechanical machine that can be programmed and guided by a computer to perform tasks automatically. Isaac Asimov popularized the three laws of robotics: 1) a robot cannot harm a human, 2) a robot must obey human orders unless they conflict with the first law, and 3) a robot must protect its own existence as long as it does not conflict with the first two laws. Common robot projects include line-following robots, wall-following robots, and robots that use sensors like IR sensors, temperature sensors, and timers.
The document discusses the development of mind reading computers. It describes how these computers use techniques like facial expression analysis and functional near-infrared spectroscopy to infer a person's mental states. The technology has potential applications in helping paralyzed people communicate, assisting those in comas, and aiding the disabled. However, concerns exist around privacy breaches and the risk of the technology being misused if it could accurately predict human behavior.
The microelectronic pill is a multichannel sensor that is 16mm in diameter, 55mm long, and weighs 5 grams. It contains sensors, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) to connect components, and a transmitter powered by two silver oxide batteries. The pill can measure body temperature, pH, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen through its sensors. It transmits sensor data at 1 kbps for over 40 hours on its batteries while consuming only 12.1mW of power. The microelectronic pill allows for disease detection and monitoring inside the human body with low power usage and size suitable for practical applications.
The document discusses innovation processes and contextual problem solving. It provides details on five stages of innovation: preparation, generation, incubation, evaluation, and implementation. It also discusses factors that influence contextual problem solving like domain, impact, data, urgency, and audience. New market disruption is introduced as creating a new market segment by reaching unserved customers with cheaper versions of products, allowing improvement over time to appeal to other segments and push out incumbents. Characteristics include targeting non-consumption, making profits at lower prices, and providing lower initial performance than incumbents.
IDS 401 Milestone Four Guidelines and Rubric
Analyzing an Issue or Event in Globalization through the Lenses
of the Natural and Applied Sciences and the Social Sciences
Overview
For the first part of your final project, the critical analysis portfolio, you will select a specific issue or event in globalization and critically analyze it through the
four general education lenses: history, humanities, social sciences, and natural and applied sciences. By viewing the issue or event through these lenses, you will
gain insight into how the interconnected nature of globalization affects society as well as both your own individual framework of perception and the choices,
attitudes, and behaviors of others in the world around you.
For this fourth milestone, due in Module Six, you will analyze your issue or event in globalization through the lenses of the natural and applied sciences and the
social sciences. Like Milestone Two, this task provides you with an opportunity to dive deeper into your analysis of the issuer or event through these two lenses.
Prompt
First, review your work in Modules Five and Six as well as the Four Lenses document from Module One.
Next, analyze your popular-culture artifact through the natural and applied sciences by exploring the following questions:
How does this issue or event provide a social commentary through the natural and applied sciences?
In what ways can science help resolve or enhance your issue or event?
Next, analyze your popular-culture artifact through the lens of the social sciences, and address the following:
How does this issue or event interact with the social sciences lens and impact social issues?
In what ways does the Social Science lens help articulate a deeper understanding of the social issue(s) that inform your issue or event?
This milestone provides you with a chance to practice analyzing your issue or event through these lenses and receive feedback on this practice attempt.
Note: You are completing two separate analyses: one from the natural and applied sciences and one from the social sciences. You must submit two papers in a
single Word document.
1
Be sure to use evidence from research to support your analysis. Refer to course resources, the LibGuide for this course, as well as any other pertinent resources
to support your responses. Relevant current news sources may be used with instructor approval. Incorporate instructor feedback into your final project.
The following critical elements must be addressed:
I. Lens Analysis: In this section of your assignment, you will analyze your issue or event through two of the four general education lenses.
A. Analyze your issue or event through the lens of the natural and applied sciences for determining its impact on various institutions. Utilize
evidence from research to support your analysis.
B. Analyze your issue or event through the ...
Communication Based Train Control (Mobile Train Radio Communication)Suraj Talreja
This document provides an overview of Mobile Train Radio Communication (MTRC) systems. It discusses how MTRC systems allow trains to continuously communicate their exact position, speed, and direction to trackside equipment to safely manage train traffic and spacing. The document outlines the typical components, architecture, benefits, and risks of MTRC systems. It also provides examples of MTRC system projects in India and discusses the initial implementation and challenges of early MTRC systems in India.
classification of biomaterials by vishnumenon.mVishnu Menon
This document discusses different types of biomaterials used in medical applications. It defines biomaterials as materials used for structural applications in medicine to replace damaged body parts. Biomaterials are classified as metals and alloys, ceramics, polymers, and composites. Examples of applications for each type are provided, such as stainless steel and cobalt alloys for implants, calcium phosphates for bone repair, polymers for medical devices and drug delivery, and dental composites. The advantages and disadvantages of each material are summarized.
This document provides an overview of transducers for biomedical applications. It defines transducers as devices that convert one form of energy into another for measurement purposes. It classifies transducers as active or passive, analog or digital, and primary or secondary. It also discusses various transducer principles including capacitive, inductive, resistive, and piezoelectric. The document then focuses on specific biomedical applications, describing transducers used to measure electrical activity, blood pressure, blood flow, temperature, respiration, and pulse. Common transducer types for these applications include electrodes, strain gauges, inductive sensors, capacitive sensors, thermistors, and fiber optic sensors.
The document discusses batteries and paper batteries. It begins with an introduction to batteries, noting that they convert chemical energy to electrical energy and were invented in 1800. It then discusses different types of batteries such as primary and secondary batteries, as well as different classifications. The document then focuses on paper batteries, explaining that they are made from carbon nanotubes and paper and can be shaped without loss of integrity. Paper batteries produce electricity similarly to lithium-ion batteries and have applications such as powering smart cards and toys.
In order to meet the ever-increasing demand for water for industrial, agricultural and commercial purposes, bore wells are dug. With the huge increase in activities, groundwater is not available at all places. This increases the number of borewells with which water is obtained from aquifers present in the lower surfaces of the ground. Most bore wells that are constructed for the pure of water extraction are found in areas where there is a human activity, and some of these are unsuccessful in yielding any groundwater. These bore wells are often left open which has been known to be hazardous to children.
My solution for this involves IoT device fixed on the safety jacket which is called Smart safety jacket.The Smart Safety Jacket enables complete safety of the employees working in mining and construction industries by installing a different type of sensors like Temperature sensor, Humidity sensor, Ultrasonic sensor, Motion sensor, Gas sensor, Sound sensor, RFID, Emergency Panel, and Notification Panel. These sensors connected to the network through Wi-Fi makes more relevant and valuable ever than before. In case of emergency, immediate notification will be sent to an admin who is monitoring entire miners in the mining industry and immediate action will be taken to rescue miner from the hazard.
The whole process can be stated in two points.
1. The miner has to wear the smart safety jacket (connected with the sensors) which is connected to the control room via a network.
2. A Monitor in the control room who is continuously monitoring the miners and the mining site should check the hazard status and alert and rescue the miners in case of any critical situation.
Thus the mining environment and miners will be protected from the hazard.
Micro-robotics involves the field of miniature robotics dealing with mobile robots that are less than 1 mm in size. Early research in the 1970s by U.S. intelligence agencies explored applications for prisoner rescue and intelligence gathering. Advances in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) in the 1980s helped enable further development. Due to their small size, microbots could potentially be used in large numbers for applications such as search and rescue in dangerous environments. One challenge is achieving motion with limited power, though microbots may use small batteries or scavenge energy from vibrations or light. Advances in wireless connectivity now allow microbots to coordinate to perform complex tasks.
This document provides a summary of smart glasses technologies. It begins with an introduction to smart glasses and their basic functions. It then compares smart glasses to previous technologies, noting limitations such as short battery life and occasional use. The document outlines several display technologies used in smart glasses and lists their key features. It discusses potential healthcare applications and uses for documentation, productivity, and assisting blind or visually impaired individuals. In closing, it examines the advantages and disadvantages of smart glasses as well as future development plans.
The document describes the Medical Mirror, an invention by Ming-Zher Poh at MIT in 2009. The Medical Mirror uses a webcam and two-way mirror installed in a frame to non-invasively measure a person's heart rate when they look at their reflection. It works by detecting subtle light absorption changes caused by blood flow with each heartbeat. The mirror provides real-time heart rate readings and has advantages over traditional sensors by being contact-free and fitting seamlessly into the home environment to conveniently track health. Future work aims to expand its physiological monitoring capabilities.
This document discusses various applications of MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) and nanotechnology in medical technologies. It describes how MEMS allows for miniaturization of medical devices to dimensions smaller than a human hair. Some benefits mentioned include low sample and power requirements. Examples provided include "lab on a pill" endoscopy, MEMS surgical tools like scalpels and skin resurfacing tools, microneedles for drug delivery, and smart pills with biosensors and drug reservoirs. Challenges for MEMS medical devices include ensuring biocompatibility, long device lifetimes, data retrieval, and stability in body fluids.
BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (BMS) IN ELECTRIC VEHICLESBhagavathyP
Why we need BMS?
General function of BMS
Block diagram of BMS
Battery pack – Voltage, Current, Temperature and Isolation sensing
HV contactor control
BMS communications interface
Estimation of energy and power and SOC
Methods to find SOC
Cell Balancing
Relationship between SOC and DOD
This document describes a gas leakage detection system that uses a gas sensor to detect propane and butane leaks. When gas is detected, the system sends an SMS alert using a GSM module, sounds an alarm, and uses stepper motors to shut off the main power and gas supply. The system is designed to automatically detect and respond to gas leaks in an affordable and accurate way. It provides both hardware and software designs to achieve this functionality.
This document discusses electrical safety in medical environments. It outlines several hazards posed by electricity in these settings, including fire, hazardous substances, waste products, sound, electricity, and disasters. It then examines the physiological effects of electric current on the human body, such as stimulation of nerves and muscles, heating of tissues, and electrochemical burns. Threshold currents for perception, involuntary muscle contractions, respiratory paralysis and ventricular fibrillation are provided. The document also discusses electric power distribution, isolation systems, emergency power systems, electric faults in equipment, microshocks, and conductive paths to the heart in clinical devices.
This document describes an IoT-based health monitoring system created by three group members. The system uses sensors to measure a patient's heartbeat and temperature, which are sent wirelessly to a monitoring center. The monitoring center allows for real-time analysis of the vital sign data and emergency alerts. The system aims to allow doctors to remotely monitor patients at low cost using embedded technology.
This document discusses the design and specifications of a solar mobile phone charger. It begins with an introduction to solar cells and the photovoltaic process. It then provides details on the components used, including a high-efficiency mono-crystalline silicon solar panel rated at 5.5V/1000mA. The block diagram and circuit diagram are presented. Applications and advantages include portable power generation with no emissions. Disadvantages include high initial cost and inability to store power. The conclusion notes benefits such as increased battery life and lack of ripples when using direct DC charging from the solar panel.
Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots. A robot is usually an electro-mechanical machine that can be programmed and guided by a computer to perform tasks automatically. Isaac Asimov popularized the three laws of robotics: 1) a robot cannot harm a human, 2) a robot must obey human orders unless they conflict with the first law, and 3) a robot must protect its own existence as long as it does not conflict with the first two laws. Common robot projects include line-following robots, wall-following robots, and robots that use sensors like IR sensors, temperature sensors, and timers.
The document discusses the development of mind reading computers. It describes how these computers use techniques like facial expression analysis and functional near-infrared spectroscopy to infer a person's mental states. The technology has potential applications in helping paralyzed people communicate, assisting those in comas, and aiding the disabled. However, concerns exist around privacy breaches and the risk of the technology being misused if it could accurately predict human behavior.
The microelectronic pill is a multichannel sensor that is 16mm in diameter, 55mm long, and weighs 5 grams. It contains sensors, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) to connect components, and a transmitter powered by two silver oxide batteries. The pill can measure body temperature, pH, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen through its sensors. It transmits sensor data at 1 kbps for over 40 hours on its batteries while consuming only 12.1mW of power. The microelectronic pill allows for disease detection and monitoring inside the human body with low power usage and size suitable for practical applications.
The document discusses innovation processes and contextual problem solving. It provides details on five stages of innovation: preparation, generation, incubation, evaluation, and implementation. It also discusses factors that influence contextual problem solving like domain, impact, data, urgency, and audience. New market disruption is introduced as creating a new market segment by reaching unserved customers with cheaper versions of products, allowing improvement over time to appeal to other segments and push out incumbents. Characteristics include targeting non-consumption, making profits at lower prices, and providing lower initial performance than incumbents.
IDS 401 Milestone Four Guidelines and Rubric
Analyzing an Issue or Event in Globalization through the Lenses
of the Natural and Applied Sciences and the Social Sciences
Overview
For the first part of your final project, the critical analysis portfolio, you will select a specific issue or event in globalization and critically analyze it through the
four general education lenses: history, humanities, social sciences, and natural and applied sciences. By viewing the issue or event through these lenses, you will
gain insight into how the interconnected nature of globalization affects society as well as both your own individual framework of perception and the choices,
attitudes, and behaviors of others in the world around you.
For this fourth milestone, due in Module Six, you will analyze your issue or event in globalization through the lenses of the natural and applied sciences and the
social sciences. Like Milestone Two, this task provides you with an opportunity to dive deeper into your analysis of the issuer or event through these two lenses.
Prompt
First, review your work in Modules Five and Six as well as the Four Lenses document from Module One.
Next, analyze your popular-culture artifact through the natural and applied sciences by exploring the following questions:
How does this issue or event provide a social commentary through the natural and applied sciences?
In what ways can science help resolve or enhance your issue or event?
Next, analyze your popular-culture artifact through the lens of the social sciences, and address the following:
How does this issue or event interact with the social sciences lens and impact social issues?
In what ways does the Social Science lens help articulate a deeper understanding of the social issue(s) that inform your issue or event?
This milestone provides you with a chance to practice analyzing your issue or event through these lenses and receive feedback on this practice attempt.
Note: You are completing two separate analyses: one from the natural and applied sciences and one from the social sciences. You must submit two papers in a
single Word document.
1
Be sure to use evidence from research to support your analysis. Refer to course resources, the LibGuide for this course, as well as any other pertinent resources
to support your responses. Relevant current news sources may be used with instructor approval. Incorporate instructor feedback into your final project.
The following critical elements must be addressed:
I. Lens Analysis: In this section of your assignment, you will analyze your issue or event through two of the four general education lenses.
A. Analyze your issue or event through the lens of the natural and applied sciences for determining its impact on various institutions. Utilize
evidence from research to support your analysis.
B. Analyze your issue or event through the ...
The document discusses research processes and features. It describes key steps in research including problem recognition and definition, creating a research design which involves sampling and data collection, and defining goals and objectives. It also outlines features of research such as encouraging interdisciplinary cooperation, focusing research in key areas, charting university development, and facilitating industrial-academic cooperation.
This document discusses factors that influence consumer buying behavior. It identifies 5 main factors: 1) Psychological factors like motivation and perception 2) Social factors such as family, reference groups, and roles/status 3) Cultural factors including overall culture, subcultures, and social class 4) Economic factors such as income, savings, credit 5) Personal factors. It provides details on each factor and how they shape consumer decisions, preferences, and purchasing habits. Understanding these influences helps brands develop more effective marketing strategies tailored to different consumer segments.
A project report_mba final year "A STUDY ON THE PREFERENCES TOWARDS VARIOUS B...blogger at indiandswad
This document is a project report submitted by Akshita Varshney to A.K. Technical University for their MBA program. The report studies the preferences of laptop brands in Bareilly, India. It includes an introduction on consumer buying preferences and organizational buying behavior. The introduction discusses key concepts like perception, learning, personality, and the organizational buying decision process which involves problem recognition, information search, and evaluation/selection. The report will analyze data collected through a questionnaire to understand consumer preferences for laptop brands in Bareilly.
Managing New Product Process & Diffusion of innovationShruti Kulkarni
This video explores the 8 stages of product development. As well, it helps identify what we mean by 'product process' and where the development process fits into the Marketing Mix and also explains about diffusion process.
This document provides an overview of the team development process and key aspects of effective team management. It discusses types of teams, how teams are formed, Belbin's team roles theory, analyzing team experiences, and reflecting on teams within an organization. The conclusion reiterates that coming together, keeping together, and working together are essential for a team's success.
The document discusses consumer behavior and summarizes a study on consumer satisfaction with Itz Cash cards. It outlines the objectives, methodology, and limitations of the study. The methodology included collecting primary data through customer interviews and secondary data from company records and marketing managers. The objectives were to analyze customer satisfaction, awareness of cash cards, and preferences between cash cards and debit/credit cards. Limitations included uncooperative respondents and restrictions on sample size and time.
This document provides an overview of the research process used to analyze and assess the fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) market in India. It includes [1] defining the research problem, [2] formulating hypotheses, [3] designing the research methodology, [4] collecting primary and secondary data, [5] analyzing the data, and [6] interpreting and reporting the findings. The goal is to understand the scope and opportunities in India's FMCG sector.
The document appears to be a student report on understanding the challenges of customer prospecting in the life insurance industry. It includes sections on introduction, objectives, methodology, industry details, data analysis, secondary research on companies and competitors, and conclusions and recommendations. The report was submitted by Sachin B. Bone to complete his MBA curriculum requirements.
The Physical Positioning Of Supermarket Products And How...Monique Jones
This document discusses and compares several systems development methodologies: Waterfall, Prototyping, and Spiral Model. It outlines the key characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and situations where each methodology would be most or least appropriate. It also provides guidelines for adapting the methodology selected based on an assessment of environmental factors. The overall aim is to select the most suitable methodology for developing an information system for an organization.
236 chapter 6 information systems for marketing decisions.docxeugeniadean34240
236 chapter 6 information systems for marketing decisions
the marketing research process 235
THE MARKETING RESEARCH PROCESS
224 chapter 6 information systems for marketing decisions
the marketing research process 225
226 chapter 6 information systems for marketing decisions
Marketing research process
A process used to collect data about marketing programs, external environments, and consumer markets In an attempt to improve the quality of marketing.
The marketing research process is undertaken to answer a wide variety of questions, which might include: "Where do our guests come from? How frequently do people dine out in this area? In what types of restaurants do they most frequently dine? If the seating capacity of a restaurant is expanded by 20 percent, what impact will this have on sales and profits? If the city builds a new convention center, how many additional room nights is that likely to bring to the city?"
Conducting market research is not an inexpensive proposition, and when research is undertaken, care must be taken to ensure that proper methods are used. This is true whether the hospitality organization conducts its own market research or relies on external consultants. Market research data are only as good as the methodology used. If poor methodology is used, the results are not likely to describe the situation accurately, and marketing decisions based on this information are not likely to be very appropriate. Figure 6.3 contains the five steps involved in the marketing research process.
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Define the problem
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Analyzt
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Prepare the final report
Collect the data
)figure 6.3 • The marketing research process.
224 chapter 6 information systems for marketing decisions
the marketing research process 225
226 chapter 6 information systems for marketing decisions
Step 1: Define the Problem
Before initiating any marketing research effort, a firm must decide whether marketing research is necessary. In general, marketing research should be undertaken if it clarifies a problem that could impact your business, if it helps in selecting between alternatives for achieving marketing objectives, if it assists in gaining a competitive advantage, or if it provides useful information on your markets.1 Marketing research may not be needed if the information is already available, there is insufficient time for marketing research, resources are not available, or costs of conducting the research outweigh the potential benefits of having the information.
If the decision is made to proceed with the marketing research, the research problem should be clearly defined. What does the research effort propose to do? What types of questions need to be asked? What solutions are sought? A strong tendency among all researchers, especially novice researchers, is to rush into data collection without giving adequate thought to defining the problem. This tendency should be vigorously avoided. A small amount of time sp.
This document discusses conducting needs assessments for interactive learning systems. It provides objectives for understanding needs assessment methods, key issues addressed, and effective presentation of results. Needs assessments identify important goals and target audiences for a proposed product. Traditional needs assessment approaches are outlined, including determining purposes and identifying sources to understand what is happening versus what should be happening. Effective needs assessments for interactive learning systems focus on key questions and use rapid prototyping to refine product requirements based on user testing.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in consumer behaviour. It discusses how studying consumer behaviour helps marketers understand customers' needs and influences on their purchasing decisions. Some of the major topics covered include market segmentation, consumer motivation and perceptions, and techniques for positioning products. The document also examines research methods for studying consumer behaviour and outlines several theories related to personality, motivation, and decision-making processes.
The document provides an acknowledgement and abstract for a project on consumer behavior and purchasing decisions related to laptops.
The acknowledgement thanks various individuals who provided support and guidance in completing the project, including the director of the institute, a professor who provided guidance and support, and fellow students.
The abstract introduces the topic of studying the factors that influence consumers' purchase decisions of laptops and whether there are differences among consumer groups (stayers, satisfied switchers, dissatisfied switchers) in the importance given to these factors. It also discusses understanding the attitudes of these three customer groups to help with retention and loyalty strategies.
Exploratory research is conducted to better understand a problem that is not clearly defined. It aims to identify issues that can be the focus of future research. Examples include investigating the role of social media in marketing or ways to improve customer service. Exploratory research gathers both primary data through surveys, interviews, and observations, and secondary data from existing sources. It provides tentative findings to guide further research rather than conclusively answering questions.
Exploratory research is conducted to better understand a problem that is not clearly defined. It aims to identify issues that can be the focus of future research. Examples include investigating the role of social media in marketing or ways to improve customer service. Exploratory research gathers information through surveys, interviews, focus groups or observations and can help identify variables for further conclusive research. Conclusive research aims to test hypotheses and relationships through structured processes to generate findings useful for decision-making.
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PJM6610 Foundations of Project Business Analysis
Prof. Johan Roos
Signature Assignment 1
Planning for Elicitation Assignment
Signature Assignment: Planning for Elicitation
By Group:
Mustafa Uzun, Shraddha Sherekar, Vikitha Veera
Content
1. An overview ……..………………….……………………………………………………………32. Elicitation plan ………………………………………..…………………………………………43. Project plan ……………………...…………….…………………………………………………54. References….…………………………………………………………………………………..…6
1. An Overview
Skype. It has a substantial market share (and mindshare), many people use it daily, yet nearly every core component of the program is seen as being out of date. The Skype corporation has been operating online for more than 20 years, and by spreading the word about its ability to make audio and video conversations via the internet instead of over the phone, it has grown its subscriber base.
Surveys, focus groups with observation, and floating questionnaires to clients who have used this product at least once are the finest ways to learn about the present status of the business and, consequently, the main product offering. It can be very helpful to identify the target audience and to provide useful inputs that could help define a future state for the product. Data obtained from online surveys through various e-commerce platforms with which the company has partnerships, data obtained from social media channels, and data from websites. Locals can provide insightful information that will serve as clear prompts for the company's R&D team as they plot the course for upcoming innovations or enhancements to current products.
Customer and influencer marketing-provided product evaluations are another crucial metric that may assist a business discover what consumers like and dislike about a product, as well as how they perceive its value, quality, and ability to effectively clean their teeth, among other things. The basic problem that the Skype team must overcome may be understood through root cause and opportunity analysis. Understanding the present situation of the product and the business may be accomplished with the use of this knowledge together with data from real surveys and website visitors.
2. Elicitation Plan
Elicitation Techniques:
1. Survey/Questionnaire
Stakeholders including end-users are presented with a series of questions over a survey or a questionnaire to help quantify their opinions. Following the gathering of the responses here, data is evaluated to determine the stakeholders' areas of focus that need improvement. High priority risks should be the basis for questions. Direct and clear questions are best. Closed-ended questions will help us focus on areas that we know need improvement while open-ended ones will help us comprehend what we may have overlooked.
Advantage:
The benefit of following this process is that data from a broad audience is simple to obtain and time taken to receive participants' re.
This document is a project report submitted to SRM University by Anand.N to fulfill the requirements of a Master's degree in Business Administration. The project examines customer buying behavior in the life insurance industry, with a focus on HDFC Standard Life Insurance Company Ltd. The report includes an introduction outlining the objectives and scope of the study. It also provides information on the research methodology used. Several chapters analyze and interpret data collected on customer perceptions and satisfaction with HDFC Standard Life. The report concludes with findings and suggestions.
Navigating the World of Topsoil: A Guide to the Right Choice for Your Gardennerissacampuzano
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3. Attractiveness is the key to driving demand........................................................................ 19
Security................................................................................................................................... 19
Wearable technology means different things to different businesses............................... 19
The time has come for smart watches.................................................................................. 20
Limitless potential ................................................................................................................. 20
References .............................................................................................................. 21
4. Introduction
The latest innovations in hardware technology in recent years has opened doors to new
immersive experiences. “SMART” is not a buzzword for phone anymore with advent of
SMART Wearables – Watches, fitness bands, Glasses etc. Smart-industry is an industry
focusing on researching and developing smart devices or smart technologies which have an
ordinary look but possess special abilities or functions by having sensors, computer chips or
ways to communicate to support users. In the next few years, smart technologies will be integral
part of our lives just like SMART PHONES are these days. In our project we have focussed on
wearable devices.
We will begin with introducing variety in wearable devices. Next we review the current
ecosystem of wearable industry. We will do a literature for some of motivation theories and
apply them to understand the consumer motivations for buying wearable devices. We are
planning to conduct a focus group discussion to get qualitative data. As part of this study we
will be analysing secondary data and conduct a primary qualitative survey to understand
customer behaviour in choosing and using wearable smart devices.
Project Objective
The objective of the study is:
To study factors influencing purchase of a Smart wearable device
The research will be carried out in two phases.
The first phase consisted of a qualitative analysis. For the formulation of the research
objectives, the authors relied on their own experience, and by forming a general view of what
consumers expect from their smart wearable device. This, along with a literature review on
the problem, helped in making appropriate research objectives.
Qualitative Research:
The next step in Phase 1 consisted of conducting Focused Group Discussions (FGD) among
regular working men and women as well as IIM-L students. To conduct these, an FGD guide
was framed in which the authors framed questions to explore in detail each research objective.
The interviewees were asked questions indirectly, through personification tests, and
projective techniques. We also conducted personal interviews of people in our known circle
to understand needs of the working and non-working segment like. This gave us keyinsights
5. on buying pattern of non-users and the working women in known circle. We then understood
customers’ needs by asking them about their needs to use smart wearable’s, their satisfiers
and dissatisfiers being users of the product, their fears and concerns regarding security and
privacy, if they were satisfied from their current wearable device through a qualitative
exercise.
Literature Review
Motivation Theory
Motivation is the driving force within individuals that impels them to action. Motivation is the
activation or energization of goal-oriented behavior. Motivation may be intrinsic or extrinsic.
The term is generally used for humans but, theoretically, it can also be used to describe the
causes for animal behavior as well. According to various theories, motivation may be rooted
in the basic need to minimize physical pain and maximize pleasure, or it may include specific
needs such as eating and resting, or a desired object, hobby, goal, state of being, ideal, or it
may be attributed to less-apparent reasons such as altruism, morality, or avoiding mortality.
Model of the Motivation Process:
The motivational process is the steps that you take to get motivated. It is a process, that when
followed produces incredible results. It is amazing what you can do if you are properly
motivated, and getting properly motivated is a matter of following the motivational process.
Like any other process it takes a little work and foresight and planning on your part. However,
the return on your investment of time is significant, and it is important when needing extra
motivation that you apply the motivational process.
6. SATISFACTION/DISSATISFACTION
Consumer satisfaction/dissatisfaction studies will benefit from the two-factor need theories
(Maslow, 1965; Alderfer, 1969; Herzberg, 1966). Brands possess two types of attributes. The
first type of attributes (inhibitors) give rise to dissatisfaction, if their level is below a certain
threshold. A car that is insufficiently safe causes dissatisfaction, while no satisfaction is derived
from a car that is sufficiently safe. The second type of attributes (facilitators) give rise to
satisfaction, is their level is above a certain threshold. Similar to the deprivation/domination
principle, the presence of inhibitors causes dissatisfaction and (extending the above principle)
this dissatisfaction cannot be compensated for by facilitators. If no inhibitors are present, a
"zero point" has been reached. Consumer satisfaction can only be obtained through the absence
of inhibitors and the presence of facilitators.
Cognitive motivation models fall into three broad categories: equity, need
achievement and expectancy-value models. The commonality of the models is that the units of
framework are of cognitive, subjective nature, and that they include hypothetical constructs as
perceived equity, need achievement, expectation, and values.
7. Equity
The concept of equity may be explicitly stated as the even exchange of values such that what
is received is presumed to be equal to what is given (Adams, 1965). Equity operates within a
range, with a lower and upper limit. Inputs ("what is given") are defined as "what a person
perceives as his contributions to the exchange for which he expects a just return" (Walster and
Walster, 1975). Apparently, equity theory may be applied to social relations such as
management-worker and seller-buyer. Further, the concept of power seems to be related to
perceived and subjective equity.
Need Achievement
The concept of need achievement (McClelland, 1961) is basically another variation of the
expectancy-value approach. Need achievement resembles Maslow's (1970) self-actualization
motive in a number of ways. The main difference, however, is that it includes the probability
of attaining a goal and a probability of failure. The need achievement model (Table 1) attributes
the strength of motivation to the cognitive expectation that the action will result in the
consequence. Stated somewhat differently, the tendency to engage in an activity is determined
by the desired goal of the action.
Expectancy-Value Models
The basis for expectancy models has been made by Tolman (1932) and Lewin
(1938). Expectancy theory states that the desire or motive to engage in a certain behavior is a
composite of the expected outcome of that behavior and the value or evaluation of that
behavior.
INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
The term wearable computing implies that the device operates in a hands-free fashion and the
user can readily put it on and take it off. This precludes implanted objects that are permanently
affixed to the users. Moreover, we include only those devices that are designed to be worn and
used on the body and exclude those that can be used when removed from the body.
"Computing" means that it is capable of digitally processing data. Essentially, it must have
logic onboard to gather and process information. Finally, to be considered a wearable
computing device, it must wirelessly connect to a network, either directly (via cellular or WiFi)
or through a smart compute device (such as a PC, tablet, or smartphone via Bluetooth) to
8. transfer data. Wearable smart devices are technological products that possess sensors or
computing chips and let users wear, attach on his/her body or clothes.
Classification of wearable smart devices
Wearable devices can be divided into the following categories based on their appearances:
• Healthcare & fitness trackers
• Wearable cameras
• Smart glasses
• Smart watches
• Others (include: smart rings, smart helmet, smart headgear,etc.)
Healthcare & fitness
There are different kinds of wearable devices existing on the market currently such as fitness
trackers, wristbands and smartwatches which have special functions for health tracking. These
gadgets can measure our heartbeat, energy consumed, steps taken and distance travelled or
more especially some of them can be used for medical treatment. Wearable technologies come
and open a new way in collecting, analyzing data in large-scale. Results measured not only can
be checked by the end customers after work-out or shared worldwide as motivation (Nike+ for
application) but also can be analyzed by doctors, experts and involved in earlier diagnosis and
treatment, research and development in the future.
9. Wearable cameras
The most important differences that make wearable cameras being more special than cameras
existing on the markets are mobility and flexibility. These elements create more interesting
ways for consumers to use the device to interact with the world. First-person videos are made
and shared more frequently on the Internet. These can be undeniable proves for this new
technology.
There are two types of wearable camera existing on market at the moment: the first ones are
small cameras which can easily be attached on the users’ bodies or clothes or can be worn on
ears and the second type are bigger cameras which need sticker mounts to fix them on helmets.
Smart glasses
Nowadays, glasses are no longer being used only for eye diseases or luxury fashion accessories
but also can be turned into smart devices which can provide information, notifications,
entertainment and a special point of view such as virtual reality space in three-dimension (3D)
mode. Smart glasses on the market can be arranged into two types: with and without smart
phones. In other words, dependent smart glasses (Samsung VR Gear) need to cooperate with
smart phones to create virtual reality images or videos. Users must use smart phones to play
images or videos, then use smart glasses to look at them to see virtual things. In the opposite
site, some other smart glasses, such as Oculus Rift, will have to connect wired to source devices
(PCs or X- Box) to receive images then transfer and display on screens of the glasses.
Smart Watches
A smart watch is a wristwatch enhanced with functionality of a personal digital assistant device
and can be programmed to execute more tasks than only telling time, i.e. it can be defined by
three characteristics:
1. Worn on the wrist
2. Able to indicate time
3. Able to wirelessly connect to the Internet”
Even though the smart watch can be connected directly to the Internet via integrated mobile
phone technology, so called “standalone” smart watches, the most common way for
connectivity is via Bluetooth to a smartphone. This means smart watches are more or less
dependent on being synchronised to a smartphone, and a large part of their functionality is
based on this connection to the smartphone. These smart watches, connected to smartphones,
are called “companion” smart watches.
10. The concept of smart watches, or at least to strap a computer onto your body, is not as new as
it may seem. Already during the middle of the 20th century there were plenty of examples of
wearable technology in science fiction movies. The first digital watches were released in the
1970s when Pulsar invented and introduced the calculator watch. The trend of digital watches
continued during the 1990s and companies kept producing watches containing many different
technology functions. Examples are the IBM/Citizen WatchPad and the Fossil wrist PDA.
However, around that time the popularity started to diminish, due to expensive and technology
that was not powerful enough.
It was not until 2012 that the consumer demand for gadgets, such as smart watches, was clearly
declared again. Pebble Technology raised more than 10 million dollars with their extremely
successful crowdfunding campaign, and they exposed both the need and want for a smart watch
on the market. Samsung, Motorola and Sony soon followed in Pebble’s direction and at the
2014 Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, the wrist revolution was declared. Apple and
Google launched the smart watch variants. Today primarily Apple Watch and Android based
smart watches are popular platforms.
Others
Besides top well-known products in wearable technology industry named above, there are other
smart wearable devices existing on the market: smart rings, smart headphones, smart headgears
and some products which have the ability to treat or diagnose diseases, etc. These devices take
a tiny piece in the market share cake but still provide significant achievements.
Wearables Market Today
Wearables have yet to penetrate the mass consumer market. At the moment, fitness trackers —
such as Fitbit or Xiaomi's Mi Band — are the primary drivers behind adoption. This is due in
part to the commoditization of personal health. Advances in technology and widespread
ownership of smartphones have given users greater ability to collect their own health data.
Rapidly growing demand in emerging markets like China and India, spurred by increasing
11. smartphone penetration, is quickly closing the gap. These two countries will begin to account
for a greater share of total wearable shipments. Greater adoption of wearables could help pave
the way for adoption of smartwatches in emerging markets, as consumers look for better
functionality than can be offered by less expensive fitness and health trackers.
World Wide market share for Wearable devices
According to IDC report following companies have the top market share with FitBit leading
the pack. The worldwide wearables market saw a quick and sudden slowdown toward the end
of 2016. According to IDC, the market is preparing for a return to growth. Smartwatches with
cellular connectivity, hybrid watches disguising wearable technology underneath, smart
earwear and smart clothing, and more meaningful health and fitness insights all sowed their
seeds in 2016, and in 2017 we should also see them bear fruit. This will help shore up the base
of wearable device users and entice those who have been considering, but have not yet
purchased, a wearable device.
Worldwide Wearable Shipment by Vendor, 2015 and 2016
13. Growth Accelerators
• Vendor participation. The wearables market clearly benefits from the participation of
more vendors, which leads to greater reach and increased competition. Ultimately, this
leads to a growing market year over year.
• Device selection. Building upon the driver stated in the previous bullet, greater device
selection allows for choice, different experiences, and a wide range of price point. This
leads to greater adoption and, ultimately, a growing market year over year.
• Uncovering new insights about the user. Clearly, the device by itself is not enough.
Having information revealed to the user is the greater benefit that drives usage and
attracts newcomers.
• Convenience. This is especially true of smartwatches that bring notifications in from
the smartphone. Users can view and respond to messages faster and sooner on a
smartwatch instead of a smartphone.
• A growing application ecosystem. The value of a smart wearable increases with the
number of applications a user owns on a smartwatch, keeping the experience sticky and
utility high. This drives adoption and raises overall volumes.
Growth Inhibitors
• Unclear value proposition. Perhaps the greatest inhibitor to the wearables market is that
in the minds of potential users, the value proposition behind them remains unclear.
What do I need this for? Why do I need this when I already have a smartphone? For
fitness trackers, the value proposition is a bit clear: to help owners lead healthier and
fitter lives. For smartphones, the
• value proposition is less clear. To stay connected? To get notifications? To entertain?
This is perhaps why fitness trackers remained a popular option compared with
smartwatches in 2016.
• Price. Wearables represent another expense for users and compete for share of wallet
against other IT-related purchases: smartphones, tablets, PCs, applications, and so
forth. Although prices have come down for some wearables (fitness trackers), they have
not come down for all wearables (e.g., smartwatches). We expect prices to decrease
over time, but not sharply enough in the near term to spark faster growth.
• Vendor exodus. The exit of vendors, both large and small, have a negative impact on
the overall wearables market. While this allows less competition from those companies
14. already active in the market, it takes away selection and pricing alternatives from
customers.
Current research
Technological developments are continuing to impact and change the daily lives of people
around the world at an ever growing pace, with recent technological advances such as
electronic chips, GPS, Wi-Fi systems, the internet, sensors, and nanotechnologies in particular
reshaping our world in a hitherto unseen way. One of the products most noticeably influenced
by these technological advances are wearable technologies. The combination of internet
services with wearable articles – in other words, granting such items the ability to connect to
the internet – have given wearable technologies a whole new level of importance. Wearable
technologies have been used for quite some time in the healthcare sector, which continues to
be the area where they are the most widely used. With the recent development of hardware and
devices designed specifically to be portable, wearable technologies have started to become
widespread not only in the area of healthcare, but also in other areas of everyday social life,
which has contributed significantly to their growing popularity.
One of the most comprehensive definitions of wearable technology is “an application enabled
computing device which accepts and processes inputs.” Such devices are generally fashion
accessories usually worn or attached to the body. The device can either work independently or
be tethered to a smartphone, allowing some kind of meaningful interaction with the user. The
wearable product can be worn on the body (like a smart patch) or around the body (like a
wristwatch or a headband), or installed within the body (like an identification sensor embedded
under the skin, or a sensor attached to the heart to monitor cardiac aberrations)”.
Since the wearable consumer electronics are yet at an introductory stage, attitudes towards
wearable consumer electronics and motivation to purchase can be studied instead, rather than
looking at actual consumer behavior. Perceived value, which is an important and strategic
concept not only for marketers but also for consumers refers to the consumer’s overall
assessment of the utility of a product based on perceptions of what is given and received. It is
considered as one of the key determinants of attitude and purchase intention. In general,
perceived value consists of four dimensions which are monetary value, social value, emotional
value and functional value. Emotional value refers to the benefits associated with the emotions
triggered by a certain product, while social value refers to the benefit associated with the
15. product’s ability to enhance social identity. Monetary/financial value, on the other hand, refers
to the perceived benefit associated with short- and long-term decrease in costs/expenses
enabled by the product. Finally, functional value refers to the benefit associated with the
perceived quality and expected performance of a product. Functional value is the benefit
associated with the functions, uses and physical performance of a product. The existence of
this value depends on whether the customers purchasing a product (or service) can actually
obtain the physical and/or psychological benefit they expected from it.
New wearables in market
Consumers are adopting wearables at a fast pace, with improving health as their primary
motiva- tor for buying devices, according to the 2016 PwC Consumer Intelligence Series that
focuses on wearables. The study, which surveyed 1,000 consumers in March 2016, found that
health organizations, including doctors, hospitals and health insurance companies, are the most
trusted when referring wearables to their customers. This provides a big opportunity for
healthcare organizations to partner with technology companies to make unique connections
with consumers. The wearable technology market grew 29% in 2016, with 101.9 million units
sold, according to the International Data Corporation(IDC) Worldwide QuarterlyWear-
able Device Tracker. The organiza- tion projects that the wearable market will reach more than
213 billion units sold by 2020. The most popular units continue to be wristbands and watch-
like devices, though clothing and eyewear are gaining traction.
“Watches and bands are and always will be popular, but the market will clearly benefit from
the emergence of additional form factors, like clothing and eyewear, that will deliver new
capabilities and experiences,” says Jitesh Ubra- ni, senior research analyst for IDC Mobile
Device Trackers. “Eyewear has a clear focus on the enterprise as it stands to complement or
re- place existing computing devices, particularly for workers in the field or on the factory
floor. Mean-
16. LIVE by EarlySense
This remote monitoring device monitors sleep and vital statistics for bedridden patients. The
piezoelectric sensor disk plugs into an outlet and slides under a patient’s
mattress. Real time patient vitals can be monitored by caregivers and
clinicians through a mobile application. The device,
previously only available in hospitals, was made available to
consumers in January 2017. The device is 92.5%
accurate when detecting sleep patterns, heart rate,
breathing, movement, and other potential stressors,
according to clinical studies. A monthly subscription is
required to monitor the device.
Ava
The Ava bracelet is an FDA-approved medical device that monitors a woman’s fertility and
menstrual cycle.
The device contains sensors that collect up to 3 million data points that
correlate with the rise of reproductive hormones. These parameters
include resting pulse rate, skin temperature, sleep, perfusion,
bioimpedance, breathing and sleep. The combination of the data points
can predict 5.3 fertility dates within a woman’s cycle with 89%
accuracy, according to clinical studies. Users only wear the device at night,
and the data syncs with a mobile application. Ava’s creators hope that the device will take the
place of ovulation strips and BBT thermometers that women cur- rently use to track ovulation.
17. Rapael Smart Glove
The Rapael Smart Glove has an exoskeletal design that helps stroke
patients and others with neurological and musculoskeletal injuries regain
mobility in their hands. Using a Blue- tooth sensor, the glove measures
the patient’s motion through a 30-minute exercise, and creates an
exercise schedule based on the patient’s needs. The glove includes game
software, allowing patients to simulate playing ping pong, chopping
food and catching a baseball.
A version of the smart glove has been avail- able in hospitals since 2014,
but a new home edition is available for patients who need help with
mobility. The glove is available to patients to rent for $99 and is
reimbursable through many health plans.
Rapael Smart Board
This device helps patients improve shoulder and elbow
mobility. Using game-based technology, the device creates
exercises based on a patient’s ability and performance.
It includes a board with a hand grip, and allows patients to
increase conditional exploration, point-to-point reaching, and
shape drawing
through exercise. The real-time assessment of patient data includes range, speed, smoothness
and harmony of motion.
K’Track Glucose
Painless and accu- rate glucose monitoring is the goal of many health technology companies.
18. The watch-like K’Track Glucose monitor aims to be the solution for people with type 1 and
type 2 diabetes by using technology that uses micro needles to collect and analyze
fluid right below the skin surface. The needles are less than 0.5 mm.
The micro needles are a part of a replaceable cartridge that lasts 30
days, but can take unlimited readings in the time period. Users
push a button on the device to check their glucose levels, and it
takes a minute for results to display on the face of the device. All
results over time are synced to a mobile app.
Fever Scout
The Fever Scout is a flexible patch that can track a user’s temperature over time and share it
with clinicians or caregivers. The remote monitoring device can be placed near the user’s
armpit, and smartphone alerts can let caregivers know if there’s a fever
or spike in temperature. The continuous temperature
monitoring device can be used for babies and young
children, post-operative patients, cancer patients, and
seniors. Fever Scout syncs with a smartphone app when
it’s within 25 feet to 30 feet of the phone. With a signal
amplifier, the device can monitor a user’s temperature up
to 130 feet away.
Vivobarefoot smart shoes
Billed as a fitness shoe with a built-in computer, the Vivobarefoot will track vital signs of
runners with hopes to reduce injury in the future. The shoe monitors real time speed, pace,
cadence, foot landing, time on the ground, impact, asymmetry and toe engagement. The shoe’s
creators hope to use this data for business and academic purposes to make
running and walking more safe and efficient. The shoe is being created
through a partnership with Sensoria, a fitness garment company, and
Vivobareboot, a running shoe company. Two removable cores embedded in a thin 5 mm
outsole connect to four pressure points in the foot. An accompanying mobile app houses all the
data tracked during a run.
19. Conclusion
Attractiveness is the key to driving demand
One of the things that really jump out of this report is that style is becoming more and more
important in the wearable technology market. It’s no longer enough to focus purely on creating
functional apps for functional devices. Analysts, manufacturers and journalists are all agreed
that the next generation of wearable technology needs to put more emphasis on being
aesthetically pleasing, visually appealing increasing hedonism.
There are lots of ways that businesses in the wearable technology sector could help to boost
the desirability of their products. For example, they could actively target celebrity
endorsements and brand partnerships. However, in the fast-moving worlds of technology and
fashion, they need to make sure that they keep abreast of the latest developments in both
industries to avoid the risk of launching concepts that are already out of date. And to free up
time to focus on creating really visually arresting apps, they should look for cross-platform
synergies at every opportunity.
Security
There can be no doubt that the privacy issues around wearable technology are real and must be
acknowledged by the wearable technology industry Legal counselors have been frequently
voicing their worries about the potential legitimate ramifications of our turn towards
technology-driven lifestyles The overall population reflects these states of mind to some
degree. Generally 50% of customers feel security fills in as an obstruction to the selection of
wearable innovation, and threat to their own privacy. Interestingly, however, the research also
appears to suggest that people who own one or more devices overwhelmingly believe the
technology has enhanced their lives.
As a matter of fact, these findings demonstrate that organizations in the wearable innovation
space must do all that they can to teach imminent clients. Companies must reach out to
everyone from politicians and industry groups to journalists and consumers. Additionally,
managers that are thinking about presenting wearable innovation at work would be very much
encouraged to maximize their chances of securing buy-in. And lastly, it’s crucial for companies
in this field to be transparent about what data is being collected and how it will be used.
Wearable technology means different things to different businesses
Some sectors obviously have greater potential than others though. Top of the pile are the EMC
[entertainment, media and communications] industries, followed closely by health, retail and
20. technology. We’ve found that the general public is relatively comfortable with the idea of
doctors using wearable technology to record medical examinations, but there’s much greater
concern surrounding the prospect of teachers or builders bringing wearable technology into
their lives.
The time has come for smart watches
Wearable technology is an incredibly diverse category covering a range of products such as
smart glasses, smart watches, fitness trackers, smart clothing, smart wristbands, smart jewelry,
smart shoes, gadget gloves and virtual reality headsets. Some may always have limited
adoption rates but others are showing all the signs of breaking into the mainstream in 2017.
For some time now, fitness trackers have surged ahead in the popularity stakes and there’s
plenty of research confirming that by far the most people own one of these. Times are changing,
however, and from late 2016 onwards we’ve suddenly started to see more consumers reporting
that they want a smart watch than anything else.
Limitless potential
In truth, wearable technology can transform our lives in so many ways from influencing our
psychology to helping us do everyday tasks more efficiently, yet we’ve barely scratched the
surface. Many people still don’t know enough about wearable technology or fully understand
the issues around it. Customer education is the prime factor for success.
21. References
1 Motivation, cognition, learning—basic factors in consumer behaviour, James a.
Bayton, Journal of Marketing
2 Motivation-need theories and consumer behaviour, K. Fred vari Raaij, Kassaye
Kandwossen, Advances in consumer research
3 The Wrist-Worn Revolution Fails to Materialize, eMarketer report
4 https://intelligence.businessinsider.com/the-wearable-computing-market-report-
growth-trends-consumer-attitudes-and-why-smartwatches-will-dominate-2014-10
5 THE SMARTWATCH REPORT: Forecasts, adoption trends, and why the market isn't
living up to the hype (https://intelligence.businessinsider.com/the-wearable-
computing-market-report-growth-trends-consumer-attitudes-and-why-smartwatches-
will-dominate-2014-10)
6 The Wearable Future, (http://www.pwc.com/us/en/technology/publications/wearable-
technology.html)
7 Worldwide Wearables Market Shares, 2016: Fitbit Retains Leadership
(https://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=IDC_P29207)
8 MARBURY D. New wearables to watch. Managed Healthcare Executive [serial
online]. March 2017;27(3):22-24. Available from: Business Source Corporate,
Ipswich, MA. Accessed May 5, 2017
22. Smart Wearable Survey
1 What is your gender?
Male Female
2 Whatis youragegroup?
17 or younger 18-24 25-34
35-44 44-55 55+
3 What is your maritalstatus?
Single Married
4 What is thehighestlevelofeducationyouhavecompleted?
Bachelor's Degree
High School or Equivalent
Master Degree
Doctorate Degree
5 Which smartphone brand youuse?
Apple Samsung Moto
OnePlus
Other (Please Specify)
6 Do you own any smart wearable like Apple Watch, Samsung VR headset, Fitbit etc?
Yes No
7 If yes which smart wearableyouown?
Apple Watch Android Watch Samsung VR Headset
FitBit MiBand
Other (Please Specify)
23. 8 If yes what motivated you to buy this product?*
Features Compatibility with phone Health/Fitness tracking
Receivephonecalls/messages Control music onphone Price/good deal
Monitor Sleep quality
Other (Please Specify)
9 Wheredoyou use the technology/ smart wearabledevice more?
Personal Life Professional Life Both
10 Do youshareyourhealthactivities trackedonSocialmedia(likesharingyourjoggingtrack onFacebook)?
Yes No
11 If you have a chance to take part in a test for real experience about wearable technologies in 1 week for free, would you
willing to get involved in?
Yes No
12 If yes, which wearable device(s) do you want to have?
VR Headset Fitness Band Smart Watch
Smart Ring
Other (Please Specify)
13 What is ideal price for a wearable device?
Less than 10k 10-15k 15-20k
20-30k
14 Reasons that you want to buy wearable device(s) are:
Experience new technology Fitness tracking Gift it to my family/friends
Fear of missing out on new technology Value for money product I don't have a reason but still I want to own
one
Other (Please Specify)
24. 15 Do you see any privacy concerns usingthe smart wearables?
16 Do you see any difference in how, when and where consumers will use smart watches in 5 years, compared to today?
ReportAbuse
25. Quick Report
What is your gender?
Male Female Standard Deviation Responses
All Data
13
(62%)
8
(38%)
2.5 21
Male Female
26. What is your age group?
17 or younger 18-24 25-34 35-44 44-55 55+ Standard Deviation Responses
All Data
0
(0%)
1
(5%)
13
(62%)
7
(33%)
0
(0%)
0
(0%)
4.92 21
17 or younger 18-24 25-34 35-44 44-55 55+
What is your marital status?
Single Married Standard Deviation Responses
All Data
6
(29%)
15
(71%)
4.5 21
Single Married
27. What is the highest level of education you have completed?
Bachelor's Degree High School orEquivalent Master Degree Doctorate Degree Standard Deviation Responses
All Data
9
(43%)
0
(0%)
12
(57%)
0
(0%)
5.36 21
Bachelor'sDegree HighSchoolorEquivalent Master Degree DoctorateDegree
28. Which smartphone brand you use?
Apple Samsung Moto One Plus Other (Please Specify) Responses
All Data
6
(30%)
5
(25%)
0
(0%)
3
(15%)
7
(35%)
20
Text Responses
Lava
Mi
None
Xiaomi
LG Nexus 5
Xiaomi
Nexus
29. Do you own any smart wearable like Apple Watch, Samsung VR headset,Fitbit etc?
Yes No Standard Deviation Responses
All Data
7
(35%)
13
(65%)
3 20
Yes No
If yes which smart wearable you own?
Apple Watch Android Watch Samsung VR Headset FitBit MiBand Other (Please Specify) Responses
All Data
2
(15%)
1
(8%)
0
(0%)
4
(31%)
4
(31%)
2
(15%)
13
Text Responses
Na
None
30. If yes what motivated you to buy this product?*
Features
Compatibility
with phone
Health/Fitness
tracking
Receive phone
calls/messages
Control music
on phone
Price/good
deal
Monitor
Sleep
quality
Other
(Please
Specify)
Responses
All Data
4
(27%)
2
(13%)
7
(47%)
2
(13%)
1
(7%)
5
(33%)
2
(13%)
5
(33%)
15
Text Responses
Heart rate and bp
Na
i don't have
Got it as a gift
Don't have it. U don't have NA option. Also the below questions should be disabled. M forced to answer them. Grrr..
31. Where do you use the technology/ smart wearable device more?
Personal Life Professional Life Both Standard Deviation Responses
All Data
8
(44%)
1
(6%)
9
(50%)
3.56 18
Personal Life Professional Life Both
Do you share your health activities tracked on Social media (like sharing your jogging track on
Facebook)?
Yes No Standard Deviation Responses
All Data
2
(11%)
16
(89%)
7 18
Yes No
32. Ifyouhaveachancetotakepartinatestforrealexperienceaboutwearabletechnologiesin1
week for free,would you willing to get involved in?
Yes No Standard Deviation Responses
All Data
15
(71%)
6
(29%)
4.5 21
Yes No
If yes, which wearable device(s) do you wantto have?
VR Headset Fitness Band Smart Watch Smart Ring Other (Please Specify) Responses
All Data
7
(44%)
5
(31%)
10
(63%)
2
(13%)
0
(0%)
16
Text Responses
33. What is ideal price for a wearable device?
Less than 10k 10-15k 15-20k 20-30k Standard Deviation Responses
All Data
12
(57%)
3
(14%)
4
(19%)
2
(10%)
3.96 21
Less than 10k 10-15k 15-20k 20-30k
Reasons that you want to buy wearable device(s) are:
Experience
new
technology
Fitness
tracking
Gift it to my
family/friends
Fear of missing out
on new technology
Value for
money
product
I don't have a reason but
still I want to own one
Other
(Please
Specify)
Responses
All Data
15
(71%)
10
(48%)
2
(10%)
2
(10%)
3
(14%)
0
(0%)
1
(5%)
21
Text Responses
Do not want one
34. Do you see any privacy concerns using the smart wearables?
Text Responses
No
no
No
yes Serious issues
No
No
No
no
No
No
No
No
Yes. Companiescanchargemoremoneytomeonthebasisof my data. Theycanemotionallyblackmailme. I willshoot themintheheadthen.
Personal data should not be shared.
No
Doyouseeanydifferenceinhow,whenandwhereconsumerswillusesmartwatchesin5
years, compared totoday?
Text Responses
No
yes, deviceswillbemoreconnectedtohome,carandwork
Yes
No
Can't say
no
Yes, Thesedevicesgetmoreinvolvedindaytodayactivitiesofthepeopleincomingyears.
Yes
Yes
Yes. We willbeslaveto these smart devices. Our brainwillbelikedeadwood. Useless as it willbeonlyusedto see, hearandtaste. We willexpect onlydatato answerourqueries. m/
watchmayberedundantandmoreinteractiveformofdevicemaycomeup
in manufacturing, architechtural firms
35. We conducted qualitative research to uncover consumer’s subconscious or hidden motivations.
Based on the premise the consumers are not always aware of the reasons for their actions,
motivational research attempted to discover underlying feelings, attitudes, and emotions
concerning product, service, or brand use.
We used Direct (Non- disguised) qualitative procedure using focus groups and depth
interviews and Indirect (disguised) qualitative procedures using projective techniques to
measure motives to buy smart wearable:
1. Association techniques via Word Association
2. Completing techniques
3. Construction techniques via Drawing pictures
4. Expressive techniques via Story telling
Direct qualitative procedure questionnaire:
1. The Consumer: Getting to know the consumer and the brand/brand
values that matter to him/her-
1. What is your gender?
2. What is your age?
3. Which smartphone brand you use?
4. What is your marital status?
5. What is the highest level of education you have completed?
6. In your free time what kinds of things do you like to do?
7. How do you see yourself in 5/10 years from now?
8. Do you own any smart wearable like Apple Watch, Samsung VR headset,Fitbit
etc?
9. Which smart wearable you own?
10. If yes what motivated you to buy this product?*
11. Do you share your health activities tracked on Social media (like sharing your
jogging track on Facebook)?
12. If you have a chance to take part in a test for real experience about wearable
technologies in 1 week for free, would you willing to get involved in?
13. If yes, which wearable device(s) do you want to have?
14. What is ideal price for a wearable device?
36. 15. Reasons that you want to buy wearable device(s) are:
16. What does Apple stand for ?
17. How do you like products of Samsung, Google?
In- Direct qualitative procedure questionnaire
2. The Emotion: Pulsing the Emotion and discovering the various layers of
the emotion
2.a. Appeal for the proposition ofSMART
2.a.1. Association and appeal for the emotion/idea of “Smart”:
As you know there can be so many thoughts that come to mind when we think of a single
word.. so tell me all the words/phrases/associations that come to mind when you hear the word
“mother”
Similarly, I would like you to share your first thoughts, words, and feelings on hearing the
word “ SMART”. Tell me whatever comes to your mind to describe this emotion.
What do you feel about having a smart watch? Is it something of interest to you? If yes ,in what
way ? If not what is in it that doesn’t connect with you?
2.a.2. Synergy of Emotion and Consumer’s life
What aspects of your life do you think go well with the idea of having a smart watch/ wearable?
What makes these aspects link themselves with this idea?
Are there any aspects of your life that just don’t go with idea?
2.b. VISUALIZATION OF THE PROPOSITION “SMART”
Image association
What word comes to your mind when you think about this “SMART”?
What colors do you see? What is the link of these colors with the idea of SMART?
Measuring Consumer’s feeling and emotions about smart wearable’s (specially smart
watches)
Since you are a smart watch user, we would appreciate it if you would identify how your life
was impacted after using the product? For each of the words below mark an “X” in the box
corresponding to how your life’s impacted by use of smart watch/wearable.
37. Very/Not at all Relaxed
Multi tasking
Health conscious
Younger
Paying attention to detail
Ease of clicking pictures
Talking while driving
Continuous access to gps
Semantic differential scales measuring consumer’s attitudes towards Smart wearables
Compared to traditional watches, your self-owned watch is:
Vogue
Appealing to others
Must have device
Pleasant
Health centric
Consumer Reality and Idea/Proposition
Situations/Memories
I would like each of you to share/describe a situation in your lives which depicts Being SMART
Where was this?
When did this happen?
Who were with you?
What were you eating/drinking?
What was the experience like?
People and Proposition
What kind of people would love this? Who would want to be a part of this idea of “Being
SMART”?
What are they thinking about?
What qualities attract them to this?
38. Do they have any concerns about being a part of this?
Describe this person to me:
Age
Gender
Nature
Personality
Hobbies
Activities involved in
Types of friends
What will they be drinking usually?
Products he/she owns?
His/her prized possessions?
Attire
Category /Product link with proposition
Tradition watch Vs Smart watch user