Research presentation on smart cities (sensor technology) and big data, presented in a graduate course I took on Transmedia Design and Digital Culture.
It’s the age of getting smart or smarter. Technology has been seeping into every sphere of our lives in the past few years. After our phones and televisions have gotten smarter, it’s time to envisage our cities to become smarter. Big Data and the Internet of Things (IoT) have a significant role to play in making our lives simpler by inter-connecting our scattered digital footprints to create an efficient and cohesive habitable unit for us. While the idea of a smart city has been floating around for some time now, its successful implementation needs to counter and conquer many roadblocks.
Read the full blog here: http://suyati.com/the-role-of-big-data-in-smart-cities/
Reach us at: achoudhury@suyati.com
The Business Case for Smart Cities
• What is a Smart City?
• Where are the Smart Cities?
• Does Smart = Sustainable?
• How can the investment be justified?
• How can success be measured?
It’s the age of getting smart or smarter. Technology has been seeping into every sphere of our lives in the past few years. After our phones and televisions have gotten smarter, it’s time to envisage our cities to become smarter. Big Data and the Internet of Things (IoT) have a significant role to play in making our lives simpler by inter-connecting our scattered digital footprints to create an efficient and cohesive habitable unit for us. While the idea of a smart city has been floating around for some time now, its successful implementation needs to counter and conquer many roadblocks.
Read the full blog here: http://suyati.com/the-role-of-big-data-in-smart-cities/
Reach us at: achoudhury@suyati.com
The Business Case for Smart Cities
• What is a Smart City?
• Where are the Smart Cities?
• Does Smart = Sustainable?
• How can the investment be justified?
• How can success be measured?
Smart city India , What is a Smart City?
Government Of India (GOI) Smart City Mission
Strategies for Smart Cities Success
SMART Solutions & A Unified Command & Control Center
The Smart City Services Platform (SCSP)
1. What is a Smart city?
2. Criteria for a Smart city.
3. Timeline of smart city project.
4. Smart city projects in India.
5. Smart city elements.
6. Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV)
Smart city implication on future urban mobility and transportationSuvodip Das
My project Report on 'Smart City:Its impact on Future Urban Mobility and Transportation' briefs a brief description about Smart City and It also briefs about how the urban mobility and transportation will shape in Smart City.
Smart City concept overview with many references from around the world through the eyes of an Enterprise Architect and Urban Technologist. It is also an attempt to assess BSI SCF value proposition and success factors for its implementation. The approach draws also on the work done by The Open Group and other standardization bodies supporting Smart City approach.
How do APIs and IoT relate? The answer is not as simple as merely adding an API on top of a dumb device, but rather about understanding the architectural patterns for implementing an IoT fabric. There are typically two or three trends:
Exposing the device to a management framework
Exposing that management framework to a business centric logic
Exposing that business layer and data to end users.
This last trend is the IoT stack, which involves a new shift in the separation of what stuff happens, where data lives and where the interface lies. For instance, it's a mix of architectural styles between cloud, APIs and native hardware/software configurations.
India’s recent stand on Smart City Development and involvement of various high income countries; initiates the talk of ideal variables for smart city evolution by our own standards. With a vision of Urban Governance for general livability, it becomes imperative to study these parameters and ensure the evolution of our own concept of a Smart City. Our spatial planning models based on unique factors such as Human Diversity, Physical-Social networks and ICT impact on urban fabric, City resilience, etc. make it all the more interesting to evolve a blueprint for Planning a Smart City.
The paper centers the infrastructural developments for the Smart Urban Development in India. The research helps us arrive at a general line of action for Urban Planning implications catering to the Infrastructure Sector, amongst others; thus affecting environmental, social and economic structure significantly. The study further finds the scope of progress, encouraged from various government policies for successful implementation of Smart City Development. It also allows a peek into future scenario of improvements and deliberations particular to Indian standards in consideration with the scenario of other countries.
Mobile Computing, Internet of Things, and Big Data for Urban InformaticsPraveen Rao
Anirban Mondal, Praveen Rao and Sanjay K. Madria, "Mobile Computing, Internet of Things, and Big Data for Urban Informatics," 2016 17th IEEE International Conference on Mobile Data Management (MDM), Porto, 2016, pp. 8-11.
DOI: 10.1109/MDM.2016.81
Smart city India , What is a Smart City?
Government Of India (GOI) Smart City Mission
Strategies for Smart Cities Success
SMART Solutions & A Unified Command & Control Center
The Smart City Services Platform (SCSP)
1. What is a Smart city?
2. Criteria for a Smart city.
3. Timeline of smart city project.
4. Smart city projects in India.
5. Smart city elements.
6. Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV)
Smart city implication on future urban mobility and transportationSuvodip Das
My project Report on 'Smart City:Its impact on Future Urban Mobility and Transportation' briefs a brief description about Smart City and It also briefs about how the urban mobility and transportation will shape in Smart City.
Smart City concept overview with many references from around the world through the eyes of an Enterprise Architect and Urban Technologist. It is also an attempt to assess BSI SCF value proposition and success factors for its implementation. The approach draws also on the work done by The Open Group and other standardization bodies supporting Smart City approach.
How do APIs and IoT relate? The answer is not as simple as merely adding an API on top of a dumb device, but rather about understanding the architectural patterns for implementing an IoT fabric. There are typically two or three trends:
Exposing the device to a management framework
Exposing that management framework to a business centric logic
Exposing that business layer and data to end users.
This last trend is the IoT stack, which involves a new shift in the separation of what stuff happens, where data lives and where the interface lies. For instance, it's a mix of architectural styles between cloud, APIs and native hardware/software configurations.
India’s recent stand on Smart City Development and involvement of various high income countries; initiates the talk of ideal variables for smart city evolution by our own standards. With a vision of Urban Governance for general livability, it becomes imperative to study these parameters and ensure the evolution of our own concept of a Smart City. Our spatial planning models based on unique factors such as Human Diversity, Physical-Social networks and ICT impact on urban fabric, City resilience, etc. make it all the more interesting to evolve a blueprint for Planning a Smart City.
The paper centers the infrastructural developments for the Smart Urban Development in India. The research helps us arrive at a general line of action for Urban Planning implications catering to the Infrastructure Sector, amongst others; thus affecting environmental, social and economic structure significantly. The study further finds the scope of progress, encouraged from various government policies for successful implementation of Smart City Development. It also allows a peek into future scenario of improvements and deliberations particular to Indian standards in consideration with the scenario of other countries.
Mobile Computing, Internet of Things, and Big Data for Urban InformaticsPraveen Rao
Anirban Mondal, Praveen Rao and Sanjay K. Madria, "Mobile Computing, Internet of Things, and Big Data for Urban Informatics," 2016 17th IEEE International Conference on Mobile Data Management (MDM), Porto, 2016, pp. 8-11.
DOI: 10.1109/MDM.2016.81
Conference at Tongi University - Shanghai: Smart City for developing and eme...Isam Shahrour
The conference of professor Isam Shahrour presented the urban challenges of emerging and developing countries, the concept of the Smart City and how this concept could help in facing the challenges of these countries. It also presents the implementation of the Smart City concept through the construction of the SunRise Smart City demonstrator.
How disruptive technologies are reshaping the future of citiesSaeed Al Dhaheri
This keynote presentation was delivered at the Arab ICT Forum 2018 in Bhrain. The presentation highlights the role of disruptive technologies in reshaping the future of our cities. main focus is on Arab cities. Examples of how new technologies are changing our cities are highlighted.
Why commercially viable cross-domain use cases will drive innovation and hori...Open & Agile Smart Cities
In a joint webinar on 24 May 2018, AIOTI and OASC addressed the question “Why commercially viable cross-domain use cases will drive innovation and horizontalization of IoT-enabled smart cities”.
Speakers:
Keith Dickerson, AIOTI and Climate Associates
Martin Brynskov, OASC
Omar Elloumi, AIOTI and Nokia.
Chapter 3 introduction to the smart city concept, AUST 2015Isam Shahrour
This lecture presents the concept of the smart city with particular focus on the use of the digital technology and collective governance. It also presents the data collection, analysis and use in the management of the City and the methodology to be followed for the implementation of the Smart City concept.
Smart city concept has a great potential improve the quality of life by use of Internet of Things paradigm.
Deployment of Wireless Sensor Networks would provide huge amount of data
It would present massive and unstructured data management and analysis challenges.
Cloud based storage and Big Data techniques show promise to generate actionable intelligence from these data streams.
I developed this presentation as a member of the Union Square Redevelopment Civic Advisory Committee (CAC) and its Transportation and Infrastructure subcommittee. The presentation was made to fellow CAC members, members of the public, Somerville City Government staff, US2 (the Master Developer) staff, and other group representatives including Union Square Main Streets, Union Square Neighbors, and the Union United Coalition on 7-14-15. The purpose of the talk is to present underlying concepts, benefits, and options related to smart city infrastructure in the context of Union Square Somerville. My intent was to spark discussion and further consideration including the idea of making Union Square an urban innovation lab (to attract employers, improve civic life, and support public and private services and benefits) for the entire city and beyond.
Introduction: Technological and methodical pillars for Smarter Environment Enablement
Part I: Smarter Environments Theoretical Grounding
What is a Smart Environment?
Technological enablers: IoT, Web of Data and Persuasive Technologies
Technology mediated Human Collaboration: need for co-creation
Killer application domains: Open Government & Age-friendly cities
Part II: Review of core enablers for Smarter Environments
Co-creation methodologies: Service Design and Design for Thinking
Internet of Things and Web of Things
Web of Data: Linked Data, Crowdsourcing & Big Data
Persuasive technologies and Behaviour Change
Part III: Implications for CyberParks
European projects on enabling Smarter Environments: WeLive, City4Age, GreenSoul
Reflections on the need for collaboration among stakeholders mediated with technology to realize CyberParks
Conclusions and practical implications
From Aspiration to Reality: Open Smart Cities
Open smart cities might become a reality for Canada. Globally there are a number of initiatives, programs, and practices that are open smart city like which means that it is possible to have an open, responsive and engaged city that is both socio-technologically enabled, but also one where there is receptivity to and a willingness to grow a critically informed type of technological citizenship (Feenberg). For an open smart city to exist, public officials, the private sector, scholars, civil society and residents and citizens require a definition and a guide to start the exercise of imagining what an open smart city might look like. There is much critical scholarship about the smart city and there are many counter smart city narratives, but there are few depictions of what engagement, participatory design and technological leadership might be. The few examples that do exist are project based and few are systemic. An open smart city definition and guide was therefore created by a group of stakeholders in such a way that it can be used as the basis for the design of an open smart city from the ground up, or to help actors shape or steer the course of emerging or ongoing data and networked urbanist forms (Kitchin) of smart cities to lead them towards being open, engaged and receptive to technological citizenship.
This talk will discuss some of the successes resulting from this Open Smart Cities work, which might also be called a form or engaged scholarship. For example the language for the call for tender of the Infrastructure Canada Smart City Challenge was modified to include as a requisite that engagement and openness be part of the submissions from communities. Also, those involved with the guide have been writing policy articles that critique either AI or the smart city while also offering examples of what is possible. These articles are being read by proponents of Sidewalk Labs in Toronto. Also, the global Open Data Conference held in Argentina in September of 2018 hosted a full workshop on Open Smart Cities and finally Open North is working toward developing key performance indicators to assess those shortlisted by Infrastructure Canada and to help those communities develop an Open Smart Cities submission. The objective of the talk is to demonstrate that it is actually possible to shift public policy on large infrastructure projects, at least, in the short term.
La telefonía móvil como fuente de información para el estudio de la movilidad...Esri España
Existe una multitud de sectores donde es necesario disponer de datos que permitan entender los patrones de comportamiento de la población: la planificación y la operación de los sistemas de transporte requiere información precisa, fiable y actualizada sobre la demanda de viajes; los patrones de actividad y movilidad de los turistas tienen profundas implicaciones para la planificación de infraestructuras, el desarrollo de la oferta turística y las estrategias de marketing turístico; entender el comportamiento espacial de los clientes es clave para optimizar las estrategias de distribución, comercialización y publicidad, determinar la localización de un nuevo comercio o punto de venta, o maximizar el retorno de la inversión en acciones de marketing. Las fuentes de datos tradicionales, basadas fundamentalmente en encuestas y registros administrativos, proporcionan información muy valiosa, pero no están exentas de inconvenientes. En general, las encuestas resultan caras y lentas de realizar, lo que limita el tamaño de la muestra y la frecuencia de actualización de la información, a lo que hay que añadir otras limitaciones intrínsecas, como las respuestas incorrectas e imprecisas, o la dependencia de la disposición a responder de los entrevistados. En los últimos años, la generalización del uso de dispositivos móviles ha abierto nuevas oportunidades para superar muchas de estas limitaciones. La posibilidad de recoger datos geolocalizados sobre la actividad de las personas, de manera dinámica y a un coste sensiblemente inferior al de los métodos tradicionales, abre la puerta a infinidad de aplicaciones. Las más evidentes son quizá las relacionadas con el transporte y la movilidad, pero el abanico es mucho más amplio, abarcando casi cualquier área que requiera información sobre los patrones de actividad y movilidad de la población. Las nuevas fuentes de datos plantean asimismo importantes retos, desde la necesidad de desarrollar nuevas metodologías de análisis, hasta la protección de la privacidad.
Vídeo de la ponencia: https://youtu.be/5PKC5Qm0eHM
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Cambridge International AS A Level Biology Coursebook - EBook (MaryFosbery J...
Smart Cities and Big Data - Research Presentation
1. Anne Galang :: ENGL 794 :: TRANSMEDIA
SMARTCITIESANDBIGDATA
2. Research questions
• Where are sensors being located in cities?
• What types of information are gleaned from this
technology?
• How does this relate to big data and how is this data
being used to improve cities?
5. The need for smarter cities
Challenges cities face today
Growing population
Traffic congestion
Space – homes and public space
Resource management (water and energy use)
Global warming (carbon emissions)
Tighter city budgets
Resources:
Kent Larson’s TEDx Boston talk: “Brilliant Desig
Aging infrastructure
Stanley S. Litow: “America’s Cities need to get
6. The need for smarter cities
• Some stats
– More than 50% of the world’s population live in cities
– In China alone, 300-400 million people will move
to cities in the next 15 years
– In the 21st century, cities will account for
• 90% of population growth
• 80% of global CO2 emissions
• 75% of energy use
7. Smart cities
Kent Larson’s, “Brilliant Designs to Fit More People in
Every City” (TEDx Boston, June 2012)
http://embed.ted.com/talks/kent_larson_brilliant_designs_to_fit_more_people_in_every_city.html
Or: http://cities.media.mit.edu/projects/examples
8. What are smart cities?
Vision of smarter cities
–
–
–
–
–
Environmental sustainability and efficiency
Sustainable homes and buildings
Efficient use of resources
Efficient and sustainable transportation
Better urban planning - livable cities
9. A computer generated graphic of Masdar city, currently under
construction in Abu Dhabi. Photograph: Fosters + Partners.
(Accessed from The Guardian)
11. Sensor networks
• (Electronic) sensor: Measures physical properties
and converts signal into electronic signal.
– “Interface between the physical world and world of electrical
devices, such as computers”
• Actuator: Converts electronic signal into physical
property - displays information for humans to interpret
•
E.g. Speedometer, thermostat temperature reader
• Integration with ICT
•
Store, aggregate and organize data for analysis.
12. Sensor networks
• Data captured through sensors
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Movement
Temperature
Force
Acceleration
Flow
Position
Light
Etc
Resources
Chong, Chee-Yee. “Sensor Networks: Evolution,
Opportunities, and Challenges.” Proceedings
the EEE, 91.8. August 2003.
OECD. “Smart Sensor Networks: Technologies and
Applications for Green Growth.” December 2009.
Verdone, R., D. Dardari, G. Mazzini and A. Conti.
Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks.
Academic Press/Elsevier, London, 2008.
of
13. City applications - at a glance
– Smart parking: Monitoring of parking spaces availability in the city.
– Structural Health: Monitoring of vibrations and material conditions in buildings,
bridges and historical monuments.
– Noise Urban maps: Sound monitoring in bar areas and centric zones in real
time.
– Smartphone detection: Detect smart phones and in general any device which
works with Wifi or Bluetooth interfaces.
– Electromagnetic field levels: Measurement of the energy radiated by cell
stations and and WiFi routers.
– Traffic Congestion: Monitoring of vehicles and pedestrian levels to optimize
driving and walking routes.
– Smart lighting: Intelligent and weather adaptive lighting in street lights.
– Waste management: Detection of rubbish levels in containers to optimize the
trash collection routes.
– Smart roads: Intelligent Highways with warning messages and diversions
according to climate conditions and unexpected events like accidents or traffic
jams.
Source
“50 Sensor Applications for a Smarter Wo
Libelium.
14.
15. City applications
• Focused examples:
– Energy (production, distribution and use)
– Smart buildings
– Intelligent transportation systems
16. Efficient energy
• More efficient energy production
– Light sensors on solar panels track sun rays to ensure power is
gathered in a more efficient manner
• Distribution
– Smart grids: Highly complex systems technically integrating
digital and non-digital technologies. Characterized by:
•
•
•
•
More efficient energy routing (reduces excess capacity)
Better monitoring and control
Improved data capture and measurement
Automation
• Use
– Smart devices and metering – at the city, building, and home
levels
17. Smart buildings
• Sensors technology used in buildings for monitoring and
control
• Increase energy efficiency, user comfort, and security
•
•
•
•
•
•
Heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems
Lighting/shading
Air quality and window control
Systems switching off devices
Metering
Access control (security)
18. City Home
• Sensor technology for more efficient use of space within
buildings
• City Home design, Changing Places Group video (1:44)
http://cities.media.mit.edu/projects/examples
20. Transportation
• Intelligent transportation systems (ITS)
• Smarter infrastructure and vehicles:
– Infrastructure: Sensors in roads monitor intensity
and fluidity of traffic to help control traffic lights more
efficiently
– Vehicles: Sensors on smart vehicles
• Collision avoidance
• Navigation
– Public transit: Tracking use for more efficient route
planning
21.
22. Traffic management
• IBM Smart Cities project - Traffic Management
solutions
– Analyzing traffic patterns of buses, trains, traffic lights
to
• Improve travel times
• Minimize impacts during emergencies, special events, etc
– Data collection:
http://www-03.ibm.com/innovation/us/thesmartercity/traffic/
23. Smart public transit example
• Intermittent bus lanes in Lisbon, Portugal
– Bus/HOV lanes, though they improve traffic flow, are often empty
– Research project in Lisbon, Portugal: wireless sensors in the
ground detect presence of public transport in the bus lanes, so
that lanes are only reserved when public transit vehicles
approaching
24. Intelligent vehicles of
tomorrow
• MIT Media Lab, City Science - Persuasive electric
vehicle
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oahOWPtinec&feature=player_embedded or
http://cities.media.mit.edu/projects/examples
25. Other applications
• Health care
– Fall detection – for seniors and people with mobility
disabilities
•
•
•
•
Agriculture
Air quality, global warming
Global warming
Industry
– Shopping logistics, fleet tracking
– Industrial control – temperature monitoring, air quality
• Entertainment
26. Projects
• MIT Media Lab – City Science:
– http://cities.media.mit.edu/
– http://cities.media.mit.edu/projects/examples
• IBM smart cities projects:
– http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/us/en/smarter_cities/overview/
– http://www-03.ibm.com/innovation/us/thesmartercity/index.html
28. Data-driven cities
"We are increasingly able to digitally search and interrogate the
city. Social tools can be layered over the city, giving us real-time
access to information about the things and people that surround
us, helping us to connect in new ways and giving rise to a datadriven society.
Cities today are vast repositories of information, endlessly
collecting and archiving data. When semantically organised, the
data can be exposed, shared, and interconnected. Giving people
the right kind of access to this information can spark new
applications and services, new ways of living, creating and
being.”
(qtd in Kirby)
29. Big data
• We’re collecting so much
data…
– Datasets are becoming so large that
they are becoming difficult to use
– If all sensor data were to be recorded,
the data flow would be nearly
500 exabytes per day (Wikipedia)
1 EB
= 1000000000000000000B
= 1018 bytes
= 1000000000gigabytes
=1000000terabytes
= 1000petabytes
Visualization of all editing activity by robot
user "Pearle" on Wikipedia.
“Viegas-UserActivityonWikipedia.gif”,
Wikipedia.
30. Open Data
• Berners Lee, “The year open data went worldwide”, TED
talks:
http://www.ted.com/talks/tim_berners_lee_the_year_open_data_went_wo
31. Open Data
• Global movement to open up pubic
data sets to make public data more
accessible
– Sparks innovation
• Creation of apps and services
– Greater transparency in government
• Example: Open data revealed 3 billion
dollars of charity fraud in Canada
– Citizen participation in decision
making
“Open data enables
citizens to have
meaningful
interaction with the
information that
surrounds them”
FutureEverything
32. Open data
• Future Internet Assembly session “Big data and
smart cities” addressed challenges and
opportunities
• “Big data needs to be made ‘small’ (i.e. accessible to
citizens)”
• “Open data is only open if it is accessible: easy to obtain and
easy to understand”
• “Open data is a political issue which should be addressed at
a policy level”
• “Organizations could be provided with incentives for opening
their data”
Resource
Future Internet Assembly, Aalborg
Session 3.1 – Smart cities and big data
33. Open data standards
• Data standards make data more accessible and usable
• Examples
– Linked data: http://linkeddata.org/
• “Linked Data is about using the Web to connect related data that
wasn't previously linked, or using the Web to lower the barriers to
linking data currently linked using other methods.”
– Open 3-1-1: http://open311.org/
• “Open311 is an open communication standard for public services
and local government. Primarily, Open311 refers to a standardized
protocol for location-based collaborative issue-tracking. By offering
free web API access to an existing 311 service, Open311 is an
evolution of the phone-based 311 systems that many cities in North
America offer.
34. What can open data tell us?
• What a Hundred Million Calls to 311 Reveal
About New York…
35. From Wired magazine.
“There were 34,522 complaints called in to 311 between September 8 and September 15,
2010. Here are the most common, plotted by time of day.
Illustration: Pitch Interactive”
36. Open Data Projects
• Vancouver’s open data initiatives:
– http://vancouver.ca/your-government/open-data-catalogue.aspx
• FutureEverything’s Open Data Project
– http://futureeverything.org/ongoing-projects/open-data-cities-dat
• European Commission Big Data Forum:
– http://www.future-internet.eu/home/future-internet-assembly/aalb
37. A human approach to data
• Sandy Pentland, “Using personal data to benefit
citizenry”, TEDxCambridge
http://cities.media.mit.edu/projects/examples
39. Observations
• While initial focus of smart technology and data use
within cities was driven by need for efficiency and
sustainability, recent focus on human-centered
approaches
– User-friendly interfaces
– Increased focus aesthetics, design
– Focus on quality of life
• Proliferation of collaborative projects bringing together
private companies, municipal governments, and
researchers aimed at
– Improving cities
– Harnessing public data sets
40. Where do we go from here?
• Open questions
– How to encourage civic engagement in smart cities?
– How to better share and use the data we’re capturing
and make it more accessible?
– How to better use Big Data in the humanities?
42. San Francisco Emotional Map
• Project by artist Christian Nold, 2007
“The project invited the public to go for a walk using [a biosensor]
device, which records the wearer’s physiological response to their
surroundings. The results of these walks are represented on this
map using colored dots and participant’s personal annotations. The
San Francisco Emotion Map is a collective attempt at creating an
emotional portrait of a neighborhood and envisions new tools that
allow people to share and interpret their own bio data.”
http://www.sf.biomapping.net/map.htm
45. Glossary
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Smart cities
Smart technology
Sensor networks
Sensor
Actuator
Wireless mesh networks
Information and Communications Technology (ICT)
Smart grid
Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)
Intelligent vehicles
Smart homes and buildings
Big data
Open data
Linked data
Open 3-1-1
47. Smart Cities
City Science. MIT Media Lab, 2012. Web. February 2013. http://cities.media.mit.edu/
Kirby, Terry. “City design: Transforming tomorrow.” The Guardian. N.d. Web. February
2013.
Larson, Kent. “Brilliant designs to fit more people every city.” TEDxBoston, Boston, MA.
June 2012. Web. Feb 2013. <http://cities.media.mit.edu/projects/examples>
Smart Cities. IBM. N.d. Web. Feburary 2013. <
http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/us/en/smarter_cities/overview/>
Sensor network technology
Chong, Chee-Yee. “Sensor Networks: Evolution, Opportunities, and Challenges.”
Proceedings
of the EEE, 91.8. August 2003.
OECD. “Smart Sensor Networks: Technologies and
December
Applications for Green Growth.”
“50 Sensor Applications for a Smarter World.” Libelium.
Murty, Rohan Naraya et al. “City Sense: An Urban-Scale Wireless Sensor Network and
Testbed.”
48. Big data and open data
“Smart Cities and Big Data post event session summary.” Future Internet Assembly. 1011 May 2012, Aalborg, Denmark. Web. Feb 2013. <
http://www.future-internet.eu/home/future-internet-assembly/aalborg-may-2012/31-smart-citie
>
“Big data.” Wikipedia. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_data>
Berners-Lee, Tim. “The year open data went worldwide.” TED 2010. Feb 2010. Web. Feb
2013.
Pentland, Sandy. “Using personal data to benefit citizenry.” TEDxCambridge. Mar 2012.
Cambridge, MA. Web. Feb 2013. http://cities.media.mit.edu/projects/examples
Open data projects
Vancouver’s open data catalogue:
http://vancouver.ca/your-government/open-data-catalogue.aspx
FutureEverything’s Open Data Project:
http://futureeverything.org/ongoing-projects/open-data-cities-datagm/
Linked data: http://linkeddata.org/
Open 3-1-1: http://open311.org/
Code for America: http://codeforamerica.org/cities/
Open North: http://opennorth.ca/about/
49. Artistic city data projects
Flowing city http://flowingcity.com/
Nold, Christian. San Francisco Emotional Map. 2007. Web. Accessed March
2013. http://www.sf.biomapping.net/map.htm
Editor's Notes
Sources
Kent Larson’s TEDx Boston talk: “Brilliant Designs to Fit More People in Every City”
http://embed.ted.com/talks/kent_larson_brilliant_designs_to_fit_more_people_in_every_city.html
History of Cities – From 0:00 – 2:50
Pre-industrialization - home was center of learning, work, health
Industrialization – centralized work, production, energy production, learning (schools), health care
Water, sewer networks, roads, rails – allowed for unchecked expansion
“Give everybody a car, build roads to everything” – not a very functional model, but that’s where we live today. Crowded sprawls.
-Transportation: smart city cars, shared vehicles, use less space, exercise, bikes
-Housing: making use of small spaces – chasey/sensor walls; sensor furniture – smart lighting
-Livable cities
Distribution of amenities
Walkable cities
Masdar City
Project in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Its core is a planned city, which is being built by the Abu Dhabi Future Energy Company and designed by the British architectural firm Foster and Partners. The city will rely entirely on solar energy and other renewable energy sources, with a sustainable, zero-carbon, zero-waste ecology and will be a car free city.
More: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masdar_City
Top “Smart City” applications according to Libelium
“50 Sensor Applications for a Smarter World”: http://www.libelium.com/top_50_iot_sensor_applications_ranking/
“The headquarters of the New York Times is an example of how different smart building technologies can be
combined to reduce energy consumption and to increase user comfort. Overall, the building consumes 30% less
energy than traditional office skyscrapers.
Equipped with lighting and shading control systems based on ICT technologies. The lighting system ensures that electrical light is only used when required. Further daylighting measures include a garden in the centre of the ground floor which is open to the sky as well as a
large area skylight. The electrical ballasts in the lighting system are equipped with chips that allow each ballast to be controlled separately. The shading system tracks the position of the sun and relies on a sensor network to automatically actuate the raising and lowering of the shades.”
(OECD 25)
“Demonstrates how the CityHome, which has a very small footprint (840 square feet), can function as an apartment two to three times that size. This is achieved through a transformable wall system which integrates furniture, storage, exercise equipment, lighting, office equipment, and entertainment systems.” http://cp.media.mit.edu/research/67-cityhome
(OECD 30)
(OECD 31)
Or Larson talk at 7:49 - citycar
Collecting data through sensors, and through open data sets (public reports, city data, census data, etc)
Lee calls for people to put their data on the web so it can be used by others to do “wonderful things in ways you may never have imagined”
Linked data standards to create data “mashups” -
Using public data to create open street maps
“Case Study: How Open data saved Canada $3.2 Billion”
http://eaves.ca/2010/04/14/case-study-open-data-and-the-public-purse/
Future Everything Project: http://futureeverything.org/ongoing-projects/open-data-cities-datagm/
More info:
What is 311? Slide deck: http://open311.org/2012/07/open311-at-the-association-of-government-contact-center-professionals/
List of Open 311 cities: http://wiki.open311.org/GeoReport_v2/Servers