small intestine. parts . jujenum, ilieum, Malt, difference between jejunum and ilieum, mesentry, mesocolon, blood supply of small intetsine, arterial arcades, vesa recta, superior mesenteric vessles, meckels diverticulum,

3. Are the two distal parts of the small intestine
Are intraperitoneal
Are attached to posterior abdominal part via mesentry
Jejunum is the particular site where all the various processes of
digestion and secretion of enzymes continue

5. The jejunum is the second part of small intestine approx 2m long.
Constitute upper 2/5th of the mobile part
Attach to post abdominal wall through a mesentery
Origin: duodenojejunal flexure

6. Jejunum is the particular site where all the various processes of
digestion and secretion of enzymes continue.
There on the absorption of components like amino acids (into
the blood capillaries), glucose and fat (into the lymph
capillaries) from the digested products also start in the jejunum
 The jejunum contains minor traces of Mucosa Associated Lymph
Tissue or MALT
The villi of the jejunum are tall and cylindrical

7. ileum is the last and the lengthiest part in the small intestine
aprox 3-4m long. starting from the jejunum leading all the way
to the ileocecal valve.
Ileum corresponds to lower 3/5th part of small intestine
Attach to the mesentery
This is where the ileum conjoins with the large intestine.
Ileum is the site for the assimilation of vitamin B complex or B12
and a second round of absorption of most of the coupled bile
salts.

8. contains the MALT elements in huge quantities in the
structure of Peyer’s patches.
The Ileum contains an increased number of arterial
arcades and arteriae recta in comparison to the
jejunum.
The arterial arcades in the ileum are a lot shorter and
narrower than the ones present in the jejunum as well.
Definite reasons for such differences are not yet known.
villi are short and cylindrical in the ileum.

9. FEATURES JEJUNUM ILEUM
Location Occupies upper left part of
intestine area
Occupies lower right part of
intestinal area
Walls Thicker and more vascular ,
feels double
Thinner and less vascular
Lumen Wider, often empty Narrower, often loaded
Mesentery Less fat present
Arterial cascades, 1 or 2
Vasa recta longer & fewer
More fat
Arterial cascades, 3 or 4
Vasa recta short & numerous
Mucosal folds Larger & closely set Smaller and spares
Villi Large, thick (leaf-like) &more
abundant
Shorter, thinner (finger like) &
less abundant
Peyer`s patches Absent Present
Lymphatic follicles fewer Numerous

10. Is fan shaped, double layered folds of peritoneum
The root of mesentery is marked by 2 parallel line
15 cm long
Extending from duodenojejunal flexure (1 cm below
transpyloric plan, 3cm to left of median plane) to junction of
right lateral and trans tubercular planes.

11. When traced towards guts, mesentery increases in length to get
attach to entire length of the gut. And becomes almost 5 m long.
At attached border it is directed obliquely from left side of
lumber 2nd vertebrae to 3rd part of duodenum
It passes in front of abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava, right
ureter and right psoas major

12. Suspends
intestine from
the posterior
abdominal wall

13.  The arterial supply to the jejunoileum is from the superior mesenteric
artery.
 The superior mesenteric artery arises from the aorta at the level of the L1
vertebrae, immediately inferior to the coeliac trunk. It moves in between
layers of mesentery, splitting into approximately 20 branches. These
branches anastomose to form loops, called arcades. From the arcades, long
and straight arteries arise, called vasa recta.
 The straight vessels/ vasa recta, pass to one or other side of the jejunum
and sink into its wall.
 Occlusion of a straight artery may lead to infarction of the segment supplied
because these are end arteries, but occlusion of arcade vessels is usually
without effect due to their numerous anastomotic connections.

17.  The venous drainage is
via the superior
mesenteric vein.
 It unites with the
splenic vein at the
neck of the pancreas
to form the hepatic
portal vein.

18.  Superior
mesenteric
lymphnodes

19.  Meckel's diverticulum is a congenital (present at birth) outpouching or bulge in
the lower part of the small intestine due to the persistence of the part of
vitellointestinal duct.
 Normally, the vitelline duct, which connects fetus with the yolk sac, is absorbed
into the fetus by the seventh week of the pregnancy. When the vitelline duct is
not fully absorbed, a Meckel's diverticulum develops.
 A Meckel's diverticulum may contain cells from both the stomach and
pancreas. Cells from the stomach can secrete acid, which can cause ulcers
and bleeding.

21. RULES OF 2s:
 Occurs in 2% of population
 Usually 2` long
 Situated 2 feet proximal to ileocaecal valve
 Its diameter is same to ileal
 Apex may be free or attach to umbilicus, mesentery, or any other
abdominal structure.

22.  Diverticulitis
 Litters hernia
 Intestinal Obstruction
 Peritonitis
 Gastro-intestinal
bleeding