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1. Secondary school students can benefit enormously when teachers of all
subjects integrate reading and writing strategies into their instruction,
according to Harvard Graduate School of Education Lecturer Vicki
Jacobs. These strategies, typical of "reading and writing to learn" and
"reading and writing across the curriculum," are problem-solving
activities designed to help students move from simply knowing a fact to
understanding a fact's significance. Helping students make that leap —
from knowing to understanding — represents the very heart of the
educational enterprise.

2. Jacobs explains that students learn and practice beginning reading skills
through about the third grade, building their knowledge about language
and letter-sound relationships and developing fluency in their reading.
Around fourth grade, students must begin to use these developing
reading skills to learn — to make meaning, solve problems, and
understanding something new. They need to comprehend what they
read through a three-stage meaning-making process.