The Effect of Background Music to College Student’ Academic Performance
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The Effect of Background Music to College Student’ Academic Performance
- 1. The Effect of Background Music to College Student’ Academic Performance De La Salle University – Manilla An Empirical Paper Presented to Faculty of the Economics Department School of Economics In Partial Requirements of Econometrics 1 (ECONMET) Submitted to: Dr. Cesar C. Rufino Submitted by: Kimberlyn T. Tiu, September 6, 2013
- 2. Gulam: Executive Summary • The study explained whether there is significant relationship between background music to academic performance of college students.
- 3. Chapter 1 Background • Everyone has music. It can be different from one person to another (Titon, 2009). • It can increase productivity and minimize boredom (Paretti & Swenson, 1974).
- 4. Statement of The Research Problem • The study attempts to identify whether the background music has an effect to the academic performance of the selected random college students. • In the study, the dependent variable is academic performance of the students, while the independent variables are sex (gender), length of time studying per week, length of time listening music
- 5. Scope and Limitation • Data set of obtained for study was taken from 35 random college students who were based in the Philippines. • The Result of the study can’t be used to generalize however it is true for those who have taken the survey.
- 6. Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature • Music • Music is something that is produce by men that can be form into a work of art or complement the activities (Titon, 2009). • Music was defined as a form of entertainment that lessens boredom (Milliman, 1982).
- 7. Type of Music General • Pop Music • Rock • Classical • R n B • Country • Jazz or Blues • Hip-hop • Modern Folk • Electronic • Asian • Comedy • Caribbean and Latin American
- 8. Luthfy: Chapter 3 Operational Framework • Variables Used In the Study Cumulative Grade Point Average (cGPA) Biological Gender (Sex) Music in a week (MWk) Studying in a week (SWk) Pop music Genre (Dgmpop)
- 9. Figure of Rational Framework
- 10. Variables Independent Variables • Sex • Listening to music per week • Studying per week • Pop Music Genre They are the factors that can stand on its own. Dependent Variables • cGPA
- 11. Figure 3.2 Model Specification & Hypothesis Hypothesis • Null Hypothesis: There is no significant relationship between background music and acemeic performance of college students. • Alternative Hypotesis: There is a significant relationship between background music and acemeic performance of college students.
- 13. Method of Data Analysis
- 14. Bele: Chapter 5 Data Collection Summary and Regression
- 15. Initial Ordinary Least Square Regression
- 17. Linearity Test Ramsey’s RESET Test
- 19. Summary of The Testing Multicollinearity, Heteroscedasticity, Linearity, and Normality
- 20. Vera: Chapter 6 Conclusion • In the result and discussion, two variables (listening to music per week and pop music genre) have shown to have significant effect on the student’s academic performance.
- 21. Recommendation • The proponent suggested the study can be improve by add more variables since there can be factors that might be beneficiary which the proponent did not cover. • Studies such as one music genre (Rock, Classical and more) to academic performance can be one example. The sampling can be focused in one educational institution.