The document discusses the importance of situational context in discourse analysis, emphasizing how the environment, time, and participant relationships influence communication. It highlights that different settings require distinct styles of communication and that understanding the context is vital for proper interaction. Examples illustrate how communication behaviors vary in different atmospheres such as classrooms or social events.

1. Situational Context

2. Context
 Context must take into consideration while
studying discourse analysis.
 According to George Yule:
“Context is the physical environment in which
a word is used.”
 One common point of the context is the
environment in which a discourse occurs.

3. Cont.
 Context refers to the setting in which
communication takes place.
 The context helps establish meaning and can
influence what is said and how it is said.

4. Situational Context
 Situational context, or context of situation,
refers to the environment, time and place, etc.
in which the discourse occurs, and also the
relationship between the participants.
 It is one of the types of context that influence
communication.
 Deals with appropriate behavior and actions
associated with the situation.

5. Cont.
 This is the immediate physical
correspondence, the situation where the
interaction is taking place at the moment of
speaking.
 For example:
o People talking on the phone and making
gestures with their hands or face.
o Go right or take left (by indicating).

6. Cont.
 The hearer and speaker do not share the
situational context, so the gestures do not add
meaning to the words.

7. Cont.
 Each atmosphere has its own set of rules for
how to communicate.
 You would not talk in the same manner in a
same situation.
 For example:
o At funeral or at wedding

8. Components
 Situational context influences communication.
 Setting/place (home, school, play field,
theater, etc.)
 Activity (lecture, discussion, free play, pair-
share, party, etc.)
 Environment (materials, light, noise,
furniture, temperature, number of people, etc.)

9. Cont.
 For example:
o In a classroom, a lecturer creates an imaginary
situation to write a story i.e. robbery of a bank.
 Setting (Classroom)
 Activity (Writing)
 Environment (Material, no. of people)

10. Classroom as a situation

11. Situational context & register
 The Field-Tenor-Mode approach is used for
text analysis and, simply how text produce
o Field (What)
o Tenor (Who)
o Mode (How)

12. Cont.
 Field (What):
o Field of discourse refers to the ongoing
activity.
 Tenor (Who):
o Refers to the participants in a discourse, their
relationships to each other, and their purposes.
 Mode (How):
 Mean of communication i.e. written or spoken

13. Conclusion
 The situational context is defined by the event
itself; you communicate differently in different
settings.
 You use differing types and styles of
communication in different type of settings.
 Imagine using the same type of speech in
different situations.
 This would not be appropriate at all.

14. Thank You