The document provides information about writing sentences in the past tense, including:
1) Adding "-ed" to regular verbs and knowing the past tense of irregular verbs to achieve different proficiency levels.
2) Formulas for past tense declarative, negative, and interrogative sentences.
3) Examples of conjugating the verb "to be" in the past tense.
4) Ten practice sentences where the subject and verb are filled in to create sentences in the past tense using "+" "-" or "?" formats.
1) The document discusses a student's English class assignment about holiday travel. It provides vocabulary words and examples related to travel, camping, and weekends.
2) The document also includes short stories from three students, Kelly, Robert, and Erin, about their weekends. Kelly attended a wedding. Robert had a bad experience at a rock concert. Erin went camping for the first time.
3) The class activities include conjugating sentences in the past simple tense, rewriting jumbled sentences, and writing and illustrating their own story about their weekend.
The document discusses the passive voice in English. It describes how the passive voice is formed using the appropriate form of the verb "to be" plus the past participle of the main verb. It provides examples of passive constructions in different tenses. It also explains the functions of the passive voice, such as when the subject experiences the action rather than performs it or when the agent is unknown.
The document contains a series of conditional statements using "if" followed by a main clause. It tests the use of future tense verbs like "will" and "won't" versus past tense verbs like "would" and "tried" in the if-clause and main clause. The correct verb form to use in both the if-clause and main clause for each conditional statement is given as multiple choice answers.
Prepositions are words that indicate location, direction, time, or other relationships between nouns. There are simple one-word prepositions like "in" and "on" as well as compound prepositions with multiple words like "instead of". Prepositions can be categorized as prepositions of place, which show where something happens; prepositions of time, which show when something happens; or prepositions of direction, which show where something is going. Examples are provided for each category of preposition.
This document contains an English language seminar presentation on the simple past tense. It includes examples of using the simple past tense to talk about completed actions and past habits. It also provides rules for regular and irregular verb conjugation in the past tense, including examples. Time expressions that can be used with the simple past are listed, such as "yesterday", "last week", and "before". The structure of affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences in the simple past tense is explained.
The document provides information about writing sentences in the past tense, including:
1) Adding "-ed" to regular verbs and knowing the past tense of irregular verbs to achieve different proficiency levels.
2) Formulas for past tense declarative, negative, and interrogative sentences.
3) Examples of conjugating the verb "to be" in the past tense.
4) Ten practice sentences where the subject and verb are filled in to create sentences in the past tense using "+" "-" or "?" formats.
1) The document discusses a student's English class assignment about holiday travel. It provides vocabulary words and examples related to travel, camping, and weekends.
2) The document also includes short stories from three students, Kelly, Robert, and Erin, about their weekends. Kelly attended a wedding. Robert had a bad experience at a rock concert. Erin went camping for the first time.
3) The class activities include conjugating sentences in the past simple tense, rewriting jumbled sentences, and writing and illustrating their own story about their weekend.
The document discusses the passive voice in English. It describes how the passive voice is formed using the appropriate form of the verb "to be" plus the past participle of the main verb. It provides examples of passive constructions in different tenses. It also explains the functions of the passive voice, such as when the subject experiences the action rather than performs it or when the agent is unknown.
The document contains a series of conditional statements using "if" followed by a main clause. It tests the use of future tense verbs like "will" and "won't" versus past tense verbs like "would" and "tried" in the if-clause and main clause. The correct verb form to use in both the if-clause and main clause for each conditional statement is given as multiple choice answers.
Prepositions are words that indicate location, direction, time, or other relationships between nouns. There are simple one-word prepositions like "in" and "on" as well as compound prepositions with multiple words like "instead of". Prepositions can be categorized as prepositions of place, which show where something happens; prepositions of time, which show when something happens; or prepositions of direction, which show where something is going. Examples are provided for each category of preposition.
This document contains an English language seminar presentation on the simple past tense. It includes examples of using the simple past tense to talk about completed actions and past habits. It also provides rules for regular and irregular verb conjugation in the past tense, including examples. Time expressions that can be used with the simple past are listed, such as "yesterday", "last week", and "before". The structure of affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences in the simple past tense is explained.
This document contains vocabulary words and grammar lessons related to animals and past tense verbs in Thai for students in Prathomsuksa 6. It includes vocabulary for common pets, sizes, and verbs for finding or losing animals. Examples are provided for each vocabulary word. The document also covers past simple tense grammar, including its use, irregular verbs, questions, and negatives. It provides examples of using past tense to talk about completed actions and habitual past actions. There are also exercises for students to practice the vocabulary and grammar through true/false questions, making missing pet posters, and doing a role play about a TV show about lost pets.
This document discusses prepositions and provides examples of their usage. It covers prepositions that indicate spatial relationships like "over", "above", "below"; direction like "across", "along", "by"; time like "before", "after", "during"; and other relationships like "by", "with", "in", "of". It also gives examples of prepositions combined with nouns, adjectives and verbs like "in a hurry", "angry about", "good at", to form idiomatic phrases. The document is intended to serve as a reference for understanding and using prepositions correctly in the English language.
This document provides an overview of a lesson on pop culture music. It includes vocabulary words related to a song, instructions on using the present simple tense, the lyrics and story of the song "Love Story," and three activities for students to analyze and compose songs using the present simple tense and vocabulary from the original song. The activities involve unscrambling clues from the song lyrics, choosing a favorite part of the song and explaining why, and composing a new song in groups using vocabulary and tense from the first song.
English Prepositions List
complex prepositions with illustrations and quizzes, edin brow, English Prepositions, Josef Essberger, preposition of place and time, Preposition Quiz, prepositions, Prepositions list, simpe
This document provides an overview of a lesson on pop culture music. It includes vocabulary words related to a song, as well as structures and examples for using simple present tense. Students will analyze the song "Love Story" - learning it is about a love story, identifying the singer, and describing what it is about. Activities include unscrambling clues to reveal a hidden message from the song, choosing a favorite part and explaining why, and composing a new song using given vocabulary words and simple present tense.
The document discusses the simple past tense in English grammar. It explains that the simple past is used to describe actions that were completed in the past. It provides examples of using regular and irregular verbs in the simple past, including affirmative and negative sentences as well as questions. It also discusses using the simple past tense together with the past progressive tense to describe interrupted actions.
The document provides a table to complete with past tense verbs. It includes verbs like "close, drop, study, marry, cancel, smile, try, plan, look, rob, stay, race, enjoy, water." It then provides examples of regular and irregular past tense verbs and sentences to complete using those verbs in past tense form. It asks students to write sentences about things people did in the past and about themselves using time expressions like "yesterday, last night, last month," etc.
The document discusses the simple past tense in English. It explains that the simple past is used to talk about actions that were completed in the past, regardless of duration. Examples are provided of regular verbs like "walked" and irregular verbs like "gave" in the simple past affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms. Common irregular verbs that form the past tense irregularly, such as "go", "give", and "come" are also demonstrated in simple past sentences.
The document defines verbs and discusses their key characteristics. It notes that verbs describe actions, experiences, states of being, and are related to factors like subject, tense, and voice. It then distinguishes between main verbs, which show actions and can stand alone or with auxiliaries, and auxiliary verbs, which help form negatives, questions, and tenses. The document proceeds to discuss regular and irregular verb forms and provides examples and spelling rules for regular verb conjugation.
The document analyzes Iggy Azalea and Charli XCX's music video for "Fancy" using Nick Lacey's framework of five genre elements: characters, narrative events, iconography, setting, and technical/audio codes. The video directly copies the characters, costumes, mannerisms, and some iconic scenes from the 1995 film "Clueless". It depicts Iggy and Charli portraying the lead characters from the film at their high school, replicating many American teen stereotypes and 1990s aesthetic cues through clothing, hairstyles and other references. Various technical techniques like camerawork, editing and effects are also used to mimic the style of a "cheesy 1990s pop video". In conclusion,
The document provides information on grammar topics including the past perfect tense, uses of "get", subjects and objects, and question tags. It includes examples of sentences using these structures and questions for practice. Key points covered are the forms and uses of the past perfect, "get" as an auxiliary verb and noun, subjects versus objects in sentences, and how to form affirmative and negative question tags.
The document discusses adjectives and adverbs, providing examples of their proper ordering and placement in sentences. It explores adjectives describing appearance, origin, material, and opinion, as well as adverbs describing manner, place, and time. Examples are given showing correct and incorrect usage of adjectives and adverbs in sentences.
The document provides vocabulary words and definitions related to home furnishings and structures, including armchair, rug, wall, chair, carpet, tile, dishwasher, churn, and toilet brush. It then discusses English articles "the" and "a/an", noting that "the" is the definite article used to refer to specific nouns while "a/an" is the indefinite article used for non-specific nouns. It provides examples of using "a" versus "an" depending on whether the next word starts with a vowel sound. Finally, it discusses the definite article "the" being used for specific or particular nouns.
The document outlines a music video pitch for the song "There Is a Line" by Tamara Laurel. It proposes either a typical love story narrative or a one-sided love story narrative to accompany the folk/indie track. Details are provided on the artist, song lyrics, similar artists like Taylor Swift for inspiration, potential settings like parks and schools, costumes, lighting, actors, and props. The goal is to film a relatable music video that fits the genre conventions and can be achieved by the student filmmakers.
This document provides guidance on using articles (a, an, the) in English. It explains that "a" or "an" is used for nouns mentioned for the first time, while "the" is used for nouns that are already known or specific. It also covers the use of articles with countable and uncountable nouns, proper nouns like names and locations, and other edge cases.
This document provides an overview of Spanish grammar topics including:
1. Preterite verbs and irregular verb conjugations in the preterite tense
2. Demonstrative adjectives, pronouns, and agreements with nouns
3. Ordinal numbers and agreements with nouns
4. Prepositions
5. Future tense formation with irregular verbs
6. Uses of the imperfect tense
7. Possessive adjectives and pronouns
8. Reflexive pronouns and verbs
The document discusses compound sentences, which are two simple sentences joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction. It provides examples of compound sentences using conjunctions like "and", "but", and "or". It explains that "and" connects similar ideas, "but" connects contrasting ideas, and "or" expresses alternatives or choices. "So" connects a reason and result. The document concludes by providing exercises to join simple sentence pairs into compound sentences using the appropriate conjunction.
The document discusses prepositions of place and provides examples of their use. It defines prepositions of place as prepositions that indicate location, and lists "in", "on", and "at" as the main types. Examples are given for sentences using each preposition, showing "in" is used for enclosed spaces, "on" is used for surfaces, and "at" is used for points. An exercise at the end tests comprehension of the prepositions.
The document describes the past continuous tense and how it is used to talk about actions that were happening at a specific time in the past. It provides examples of using the past continuous tense in sentences, including sentences that combine the past continuous and past simple tenses. It also discusses using the past continuous tense to talk about multiple simultaneous actions in the past.
The document provides instructions for completing verb conjugation exercises in the past simple tense. It includes tables to fill in with the past forms of verbs, sentences to complete using verbs in the past, and questions to answer about events that happened in the past. The document tests knowledge of regular and irregular verb forms in the past tense through transforming verbs, filling in blanks, and forming questions and answers related to past actions.
1. The document describes Alan and his friends attending a medieval fantasy musical play about a magical land and an ancient green dragon named Ygris who had the power to give and grow life.
2. During the play, Ygris started feeling weak so the dancers made a healing potion for him. When Ygris drank the potion, he felt strong again.
3. Alan and his friends took some photos of the dragon in the play but didn't record a video because they wanted to enjoy the live show. They had an amazing time.
The document summarizes rules for pronouncing the regular past tense "-ed" ending in English. It states that:
1) For voiceless sounds like p, t, k, s, f, the "-ed" is pronounced as a "t";
2) For voiced sounds like b, d, g, z, vowels, the "-ed" is pronounced as a "d"; and
3) For sounds like t or d, the "-ed" is pronounced as an "id".
This document contains vocabulary words and grammar lessons related to animals and past tense verbs in Thai for students in Prathomsuksa 6. It includes vocabulary for common pets, sizes, and verbs for finding or losing animals. Examples are provided for each vocabulary word. The document also covers past simple tense grammar, including its use, irregular verbs, questions, and negatives. It provides examples of using past tense to talk about completed actions and habitual past actions. There are also exercises for students to practice the vocabulary and grammar through true/false questions, making missing pet posters, and doing a role play about a TV show about lost pets.
This document discusses prepositions and provides examples of their usage. It covers prepositions that indicate spatial relationships like "over", "above", "below"; direction like "across", "along", "by"; time like "before", "after", "during"; and other relationships like "by", "with", "in", "of". It also gives examples of prepositions combined with nouns, adjectives and verbs like "in a hurry", "angry about", "good at", to form idiomatic phrases. The document is intended to serve as a reference for understanding and using prepositions correctly in the English language.
This document provides an overview of a lesson on pop culture music. It includes vocabulary words related to a song, instructions on using the present simple tense, the lyrics and story of the song "Love Story," and three activities for students to analyze and compose songs using the present simple tense and vocabulary from the original song. The activities involve unscrambling clues from the song lyrics, choosing a favorite part of the song and explaining why, and composing a new song in groups using vocabulary and tense from the first song.
English Prepositions List
complex prepositions with illustrations and quizzes, edin brow, English Prepositions, Josef Essberger, preposition of place and time, Preposition Quiz, prepositions, Prepositions list, simpe
This document provides an overview of a lesson on pop culture music. It includes vocabulary words related to a song, as well as structures and examples for using simple present tense. Students will analyze the song "Love Story" - learning it is about a love story, identifying the singer, and describing what it is about. Activities include unscrambling clues to reveal a hidden message from the song, choosing a favorite part and explaining why, and composing a new song using given vocabulary words and simple present tense.
The document discusses the simple past tense in English grammar. It explains that the simple past is used to describe actions that were completed in the past. It provides examples of using regular and irregular verbs in the simple past, including affirmative and negative sentences as well as questions. It also discusses using the simple past tense together with the past progressive tense to describe interrupted actions.
The document provides a table to complete with past tense verbs. It includes verbs like "close, drop, study, marry, cancel, smile, try, plan, look, rob, stay, race, enjoy, water." It then provides examples of regular and irregular past tense verbs and sentences to complete using those verbs in past tense form. It asks students to write sentences about things people did in the past and about themselves using time expressions like "yesterday, last night, last month," etc.
The document discusses the simple past tense in English. It explains that the simple past is used to talk about actions that were completed in the past, regardless of duration. Examples are provided of regular verbs like "walked" and irregular verbs like "gave" in the simple past affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms. Common irregular verbs that form the past tense irregularly, such as "go", "give", and "come" are also demonstrated in simple past sentences.
The document defines verbs and discusses their key characteristics. It notes that verbs describe actions, experiences, states of being, and are related to factors like subject, tense, and voice. It then distinguishes between main verbs, which show actions and can stand alone or with auxiliaries, and auxiliary verbs, which help form negatives, questions, and tenses. The document proceeds to discuss regular and irregular verb forms and provides examples and spelling rules for regular verb conjugation.
The document analyzes Iggy Azalea and Charli XCX's music video for "Fancy" using Nick Lacey's framework of five genre elements: characters, narrative events, iconography, setting, and technical/audio codes. The video directly copies the characters, costumes, mannerisms, and some iconic scenes from the 1995 film "Clueless". It depicts Iggy and Charli portraying the lead characters from the film at their high school, replicating many American teen stereotypes and 1990s aesthetic cues through clothing, hairstyles and other references. Various technical techniques like camerawork, editing and effects are also used to mimic the style of a "cheesy 1990s pop video". In conclusion,
The document provides information on grammar topics including the past perfect tense, uses of "get", subjects and objects, and question tags. It includes examples of sentences using these structures and questions for practice. Key points covered are the forms and uses of the past perfect, "get" as an auxiliary verb and noun, subjects versus objects in sentences, and how to form affirmative and negative question tags.
The document discusses adjectives and adverbs, providing examples of their proper ordering and placement in sentences. It explores adjectives describing appearance, origin, material, and opinion, as well as adverbs describing manner, place, and time. Examples are given showing correct and incorrect usage of adjectives and adverbs in sentences.
The document provides vocabulary words and definitions related to home furnishings and structures, including armchair, rug, wall, chair, carpet, tile, dishwasher, churn, and toilet brush. It then discusses English articles "the" and "a/an", noting that "the" is the definite article used to refer to specific nouns while "a/an" is the indefinite article used for non-specific nouns. It provides examples of using "a" versus "an" depending on whether the next word starts with a vowel sound. Finally, it discusses the definite article "the" being used for specific or particular nouns.
The document outlines a music video pitch for the song "There Is a Line" by Tamara Laurel. It proposes either a typical love story narrative or a one-sided love story narrative to accompany the folk/indie track. Details are provided on the artist, song lyrics, similar artists like Taylor Swift for inspiration, potential settings like parks and schools, costumes, lighting, actors, and props. The goal is to film a relatable music video that fits the genre conventions and can be achieved by the student filmmakers.
This document provides guidance on using articles (a, an, the) in English. It explains that "a" or "an" is used for nouns mentioned for the first time, while "the" is used for nouns that are already known or specific. It also covers the use of articles with countable and uncountable nouns, proper nouns like names and locations, and other edge cases.
This document provides an overview of Spanish grammar topics including:
1. Preterite verbs and irregular verb conjugations in the preterite tense
2. Demonstrative adjectives, pronouns, and agreements with nouns
3. Ordinal numbers and agreements with nouns
4. Prepositions
5. Future tense formation with irregular verbs
6. Uses of the imperfect tense
7. Possessive adjectives and pronouns
8. Reflexive pronouns and verbs
The document discusses compound sentences, which are two simple sentences joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction. It provides examples of compound sentences using conjunctions like "and", "but", and "or". It explains that "and" connects similar ideas, "but" connects contrasting ideas, and "or" expresses alternatives or choices. "So" connects a reason and result. The document concludes by providing exercises to join simple sentence pairs into compound sentences using the appropriate conjunction.
The document discusses prepositions of place and provides examples of their use. It defines prepositions of place as prepositions that indicate location, and lists "in", "on", and "at" as the main types. Examples are given for sentences using each preposition, showing "in" is used for enclosed spaces, "on" is used for surfaces, and "at" is used for points. An exercise at the end tests comprehension of the prepositions.
The document describes the past continuous tense and how it is used to talk about actions that were happening at a specific time in the past. It provides examples of using the past continuous tense in sentences, including sentences that combine the past continuous and past simple tenses. It also discusses using the past continuous tense to talk about multiple simultaneous actions in the past.
The document provides instructions for completing verb conjugation exercises in the past simple tense. It includes tables to fill in with the past forms of verbs, sentences to complete using verbs in the past, and questions to answer about events that happened in the past. The document tests knowledge of regular and irregular verb forms in the past tense through transforming verbs, filling in blanks, and forming questions and answers related to past actions.
1. The document describes Alan and his friends attending a medieval fantasy musical play about a magical land and an ancient green dragon named Ygris who had the power to give and grow life.
2. During the play, Ygris started feeling weak so the dancers made a healing potion for him. When Ygris drank the potion, he felt strong again.
3. Alan and his friends took some photos of the dragon in the play but didn't record a video because they wanted to enjoy the live show. They had an amazing time.
The document summarizes rules for pronouncing the regular past tense "-ed" ending in English. It states that:
1) For voiceless sounds like p, t, k, s, f, the "-ed" is pronounced as a "t";
2) For voiced sounds like b, d, g, z, vowels, the "-ed" is pronounced as a "d"; and
3) For sounds like t or d, the "-ed" is pronounced as an "id".
1) The document provides information on forming the past simple tense in English for regular and irregular verbs. It discusses adding "-ed" for regular verbs and lists common irregular verb forms.
2) Examples are given for forming negative and question sentences using auxiliary verbs like "did" and "didn't".
3) Guidance is offered on pronouncing the "-ed" ending based on the sound of the preceding letter. Activities are included for practice forming past tense verbs.
Teaching-poetry ppt.ppt.@ college of Eduxxxx133625
This document provides information about different poetry forms and terms, success criteria for developing poetry skills, and tasks to help students practice and experiment with various poetic devices and structures. It defines common poetry terms like ballad, free verse, line, and stanza. It also includes examples of acrostic poems, similes, metaphors, alliteration, limericks, and a model for writing a rap. Various tasks encourage students to write their own poems using these forms and techniques.
Class 02 emerson_phonetics_fall2014_minimal_sets_cs_vs_limericks_assonanceLisa Lavoie
This document provides an overview of topics and activities covered in a phonetics class. The class will review consonant and vowel symbols, practice minimal pairs, listen to Harry Potter stars speak American English, analyze poetry for assonance, and complete transcription homework. Students are reminded to submit homework by the deadline and complete an honor-system quiz over the weekend.
X unveiled a memorial on the 70th anniversary of his father's death in a battle with German troops in Italy during World War 2. X's father had originally declared himself a conscientious objector but later decided to join the war effort after realizing the threat of Nazism. He was killed in action 70 years ago while serving as a second lieutenant in the Royal Fusiliers. Unveiling the memorial, X paid tribute to his father who he never knew but felt strongly attached to. He found the unveiling moving and had to stop a nosebleed at one point.
This document provides rules for pronouncing "ed" endings in three different ways: as a "t" sound, "id" sound, or "d" sound. It then provides examples of words with "ed" endings and asks the reader to identify the pronunciation in each case. Finally, it provides a passage with irregular verbs marked with parentheses and asks the reader to draw boxes around those verbs.
This document provides information about using the past simple tense ("to be" verbs) in Spanish. It includes:
1) The conjugations of the affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms of the verbs "ser" and "estar" in the past simple tense.
2) Examples of using these forms in sentences.
3) Time expressions that are used with the past simple tense, such as "yesterday," "last week," "a month ago."
4) Regular and irregular verb forms in the past simple tense as well as notes on pronunciation.
5) How to form affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences using the past simple tense.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
2. The
simple past tense is used to talk about
actions that happened at a specific time in the
past.
You
form the simple past of a verb by adding
-ed , the end of a regular verb but,
irregular verb forms have to be learned
3. I was at home yesterday.
My parents were at the supermarket
Maradona was a good football player.
Michel Jackson was a famous singer
You were excellent student last year
4. Was Michel Jackson a bad singer?
No, he wasn´t a bad singer.
Were you a tennis player?
No, I weren´t a tennis player.
Was Lina Marulanda an ugly woman?
No, she wasn´t an ugly woman
5. Sharon
studied Japanese for five years.
We talked on the phone for thirty
minutes.
We waited for one hour.
You played basketball last weekend
She watched a horror film last night
6. The auxiliary of the past tense is
Did you enjoy the film?
Yes, I enjoyed the film
No, I didn´t enjoy the film.
7. Did
Michel Jackson Sing Pop songs?
Yes, he sang pop songs.
Did Maradona write a history book?
No, he didn´t write a history book.
Did García Márquez write One hundred years of
solitude?
Yes, he wrote One hundred years of solitude.
8. Group A
Voiceless sound: – p – k – s – ch – sh – f – x – hpronounce ED as “T”
Example: Ask, asked = ask(T)
Ed as “T”
Asked
baked
brushed
cooked
cracked crashed danced (da:ns) + t dressed
dropped
escaped
finished
fixed
guessed helped hoped jumped kissed
9. Voiced sound : – l – v – n – m – r – b – v – g – w
– y – z – and vowel sounds (diphthongs)
pronounce ED as “D”
Example: Allow, allowed = allow(D)
Ed as “D”
advised (ad’vaiz) + d
agreed allowed answered appeared arrived
Believed belonged burned called carried changed
closed covered cried damaged described died
10. T or D pronounce ED as “ID”
Example: Need, needed = need(id)
Ed as “ID”
Accepted afforded attended
arrested collected contacted counted decided
defended demanded divided ended expanded
expected exported flooded graduated hated
hunted included invited invented landed needed
painted