This document defines animation and discusses different types of animation including hand drawn, stop motion, and computer animation. It provides examples of each type and explains the basic processes involved. Key points covered include how persistence of vision creates the illusion of movement, the use of storyboards in planning animation, and the impact and widespread uses of animation today beyond just children's entertainment.

2. Definition
Persistence of Vision: How Animation
Works
Types of Animations & Examples
How to Create an Animation
Storyboard and comparison with Comic
Strips
Use and Impact ofAnimation
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

3. Animation is the creation of
the “illusion of movement”
using a series of still images
A DEFINITION…

6. USE YOUR IMAGINATION!

7. USE YOUR IMAGINATION!

8. USE YOUR IMAGINATION!

9. When the characters and scenes are
made from clay the term used to
describe the animation is
“Claymation”
CLAYMATION

10. USE YOUR IMAGINATION!

11. Refers to brain retaining the image
of what eyes see even after the
image is no longer visible.
The brain can only process a certain
number or images at a time.
Brain can recognize images as
separate images if they are viewed
at 12 or fewer images per second.
PERSISTENCE OF VISION

12. Ifthe pictures appear faster than
12 per second they begin to merge
into each other creating the illusion
of movement.
Television and movies are usually
created at 24 to 30 images per
second
PERSISTENCE OF VISION

13. 12 frames per
second (fps)
HOW MANY STILL IMAGES?
10 framesper second
2 framesper second

14. Historically there are 3 major types
of animation:
1.Hand Drawn Animation
2.Stop Motion Animation
3.Computer Animation
3 TYPES OF ANIMATION

15. HOWWERECARTOONSMADE?
Felix The Cat: appeared in Theatres in 1919
Created by Pat Sullivan & Otto Messmer

16. Done by an artist who draws each character and
movement individually
Very time consuming to have to draw, then
colour, then photograph each picture
Draw pictures first, then colour them on
celluloid, then they take pictures and animate
them
Very expensive due to hours of labour involved
Examples: Older Disney Movies i.e. Bambi, Fox
and Hound, Cinderella etc.
HAND DRAWN ANIMATION

17. HAND DRAWN ANIMATION

18. Can be done by virtually anyone, with no
extensive training
Does not take that much time relative to the
other 2 methods
Uses jointed figures or clay figures that can
be moved to make motions
Take still pictures of the individual
movements, then use relatively inexpensive
computer software to animate
STOP MOTION ANIMATION

19. Weuse Movie Maker Software to
complete our animations
Not very expensive because all you
need is a digital camera and the
software comes with Windows XP
operating system
Examples: Star Wars, Robot Chicken,
Old Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer
STOP MOTION ANIMATION

20. STOP OR MODEL ANIMATION

21. All characters and movements are
generated using computer
animation software
Can also be very time consuming as
they can get very complicated in
movements and effects
All characters are fully animated
with no still pictures
COMPUTER ANIMATION

22. Can be very expensive because of
the complexity of the stunts and
animations being done
Huge budgets because the
animation sequences more
complicated these days eg. the war
scenes in Lord of the Rings etc.
Examples: Toy Story, Finding Nemo,
Matrix, Lord of the Rings
COMPUTER ANIMATION

23. COMPUTER ANIMATION

24. Astoryboard is a series of sketches
that can be used as a guide for
making a film or video
Itcontains the action and dialogue
of the film
Can also include the music,
narration, special effects
information etc. for the person to
guide them in creating the film
ANIMATION STORYBOARDS

25. Felix The Cat
First comic strip
(1922)
COMIC STRIPS

26. Are they more like an animation
sequence or a storyboard?
They are more like a storyboard because they
DO NOT SHOW CONTINUOUS MOVEMENT
It shows the person or object in one
place and then in another and the
sequence between is left to the
imagination to make the link from one
picture to the other
COMIC BOOKS AND COMICSTRIPS

27. Animation is NOT just for kids
Ithas become mainstream and kids,
teenagers, adults and seniors.
When most teachers today were kids it
was very odd for a parent to be sitting
with their children and watching an
animated show.
Now adults take their kids to the
movies and watch with them and there
are often “inside jokes” for adults too
GREATEST IMPACT FOR TODAY?

28. Animated Movies: Million dollar industry;
1- 20 millions spent on each movie
Animation & Computer Graphics Effects
are used in movies frequently
ANIMATION USES

29. Video games
TV Programs (e.g. Weather, News)
Used online (images, ads, chatting)
Simulations (Science & Engineering)
Virtual reality (e.g. second life)
ANIMATION USES