Sewer appurtenances are structures or devices constructed along sewer lines to assist in the operation, functioning, and maintenance of the sewerage system. Key appurtenances include manholes, which provide access for cleaning, testing, inspection and maintenance, and are located at changes in alignment, gradient, size, or junctions. Other appurtenances include shallow and deep manholes, catch basins for retaining debris, flushing tanks to remove blockages, grease/oil traps, inverted siphons to allow sewers to pass under obstructions, sewer outlets, and ventilating shafts to prevent gas accumulation.
Sewer appurtenances are the various accessories on the sewage system and are explained. also types of manhole and their classifications are explained along with sewer vent , storm water regulator, inverted siphon etc.
Sewer appurtenances are the various accessories on the sewage system and are explained. also types of manhole and their classifications are explained along with sewer vent , storm water regulator, inverted siphon etc.
Plumbing services in high rise building and group housingRohit Bhatt
As well as the comforts and luxuries of modern living Plumbing systems protect the community from disease.
Invisible organisms that swim around in a watery environment was beyond imagination until a few centuries ago, it was only in the late 19th century that scientists discovered and isolated specific microbes of particular a disease, cholera, has proven one of history’s most virulent killers.
Mankind began to understand that the evil spirits causing its woes were microscopic creatures that could be defeated by plumbers and sanitary engineers. With well designed plumbing and draining systems.
As we go about our everyday lives it is comforting to know that people’s lives are protected by having Correctly Installed and maintained Plumbing Gasfitting and Draining Systems.
The arrangemnet provided in a house or building, for collecting and conveying waste
water through drain pipes, by gravity, to join either a public sewer or a domestic
septic tank, is termed as house drainage or building drainage.
This presentation deals with the following appurtenances: Manholes; Flushing tanks, flushing manholes and clean outs; Interceptor tanks; (Inverted) siphons; Pumping stations; Gutters, storm water inlets and catch basins, and Other appurtenances.
Sedimentation is an effective techniques involved for treatment of waste water . Various sedimentation techniques are employed world wide for the purpose.
Plain sedimentation is the simplest technique involving quiescent settling or storage of water, such as would take place in a reservoir, lake, or basin, without the aid of chemicals, preferably for a month or longer, particularly if the source water is a sewage-polluted river water.
This presentation covers various plain sedimentation tanks & design considerations of the same .
If you like it ,Please press the thumb up button & donot forget to give your feedback in comments section, it would be extremely valuable . Any query ? Feel free to post in comments section. All the best ! Enjoy !
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Plumbing services in high rise building and group housingRohit Bhatt
As well as the comforts and luxuries of modern living Plumbing systems protect the community from disease.
Invisible organisms that swim around in a watery environment was beyond imagination until a few centuries ago, it was only in the late 19th century that scientists discovered and isolated specific microbes of particular a disease, cholera, has proven one of history’s most virulent killers.
Mankind began to understand that the evil spirits causing its woes were microscopic creatures that could be defeated by plumbers and sanitary engineers. With well designed plumbing and draining systems.
As we go about our everyday lives it is comforting to know that people’s lives are protected by having Correctly Installed and maintained Plumbing Gasfitting and Draining Systems.
The arrangemnet provided in a house or building, for collecting and conveying waste
water through drain pipes, by gravity, to join either a public sewer or a domestic
septic tank, is termed as house drainage or building drainage.
This presentation deals with the following appurtenances: Manholes; Flushing tanks, flushing manholes and clean outs; Interceptor tanks; (Inverted) siphons; Pumping stations; Gutters, storm water inlets and catch basins, and Other appurtenances.
Sedimentation is an effective techniques involved for treatment of waste water . Various sedimentation techniques are employed world wide for the purpose.
Plain sedimentation is the simplest technique involving quiescent settling or storage of water, such as would take place in a reservoir, lake, or basin, without the aid of chemicals, preferably for a month or longer, particularly if the source water is a sewage-polluted river water.
This presentation covers various plain sedimentation tanks & design considerations of the same .
If you like it ,Please press the thumb up button & donot forget to give your feedback in comments section, it would be extremely valuable . Any query ? Feel free to post in comments section. All the best ! Enjoy !
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
2. Introduction
● These are structures or devices in a sewerage system
● Constructed at suitable intervals along sewer line
● They assist in operation and functioning and maintenance of the sewerage
system
5. Location
● Every change of alignment
● Every change in gradient
● Every change in size (dia)
● At every junction
● At regular interval (in case of straight alignment)
7. Construction of Manhole
Manhole Cover
● Made of cast iron, it rests over the frame
● Clear cover of opening not less than 50 cm
● Top level is kept same as level of pavement
Access Shaft
● Upper portion of manhole which gives access to working chamber
● Dimensions less than that of working chamber
● Rectangular: 0.6m* 0.75m
● Circular: 0.6 to 0.75m in dia
● Steps made in it to access working chamber
● Made of bricks
8. Working chamber
● Lower portion of manhole
● Provides workspace
● Size: circular 1.2m dia
● Rectangular: 0.9m * 1.2m
● Made of brick masonry or cement concrete
● Bottom portion is called benching, made of cement concrete
10. Drop Manhole
● Constructed to connect a high level branch sewer to a low level main sewer
● Elevation difference more than 0.6m
● Made to avoid splashing sewage on working chamber
● Plug opened while inspecting and cleaning
15. Catch Basin (Catch Pits)
● For retention of debris in storm water
● If this not present, debris is carried to the sewer
● Helps in settlement of sand, grit, debris from storm drainage
● Settled matter are cleaned periodically
16.
17.
18.
19. Flushing Tanks
● Provided when there are high chances of blockage
● Blockage occurs when self cleansing velocity is too small or when pipe doesnt
have enough slope
● Also placed at dead end points of sewer
● These hold water temporarily
The water in flushing tank is thrown into sewer for flushing purpose so that the
blockage is removed
21. Manually Operating
● Consists of a concrete chamber connected to water supply
● Outflow pipe is present, which has a valve so that water can be discharged to
the sewer for flushing
● Gate valve is opened or closed manually
25. ● If sand has to also be removed, dead space kept at bottom of the chamber for
sand to be deposited
26. Inverted Siphons
● It is a sewer section obstructed lower than the adjacent sewer sections
● Runs full under gravity with pressure greater than atmospheric
● Differs from a true siphon
● Here, it runs with flow line below HGL and therefore under pressure, above
atmospheric
27.
28. Sewer outlet
● A masonry head structure, made at the bank of streams to discharge into river
● Last point of sewer line
29. Ventilating Shaft
● A vertical column made of cast iron or steel pipes
● At top of shaft, a copper wire cage or cowl is provided
● Prevents accumulation of gases like ammonia, methane, h2s, co2, etc
● Height must be greater than height of nearby buildings
● Provided every 200-300m
