This document discusses considerations for setting targets and determining appropriate assessment methods. It defines skills, competencies, and abilities as specific tasks or clusters of related skills that students can proficiently perform. Products, outputs, and projects are tangible evidence of students' abilities and should specify expected quality levels. Once learning targets are clear, the appropriate assessment method depends on the educational objectives and can include written responses, products, performance tests, oral questioning, observation, or self reports.

1. SKILLS,
COMPETENCIES
& ABILITIES
TARGETS

2. SKILLS COMPETENCIES ABILITIES
 refer to specific
activities or tasks
that a student can
proficiently do.
Examples:
skills in coloring
language skills
 refer to related
skills clustered
together
 refer to mastered
competencies
• Cognitive abilities
• Affective abilities
• Psychomotor
abilities

3. PRODUCTS,
OUTPUTS &
PROJECTS
TARGETS

4. Products, Outputs & Projects (POP)
 are tangible and concrete evidence of a student’s
ability.
 A clear target for products and projects need to
clearly specify the level of workmanship of such
project
expert level skilled level novice level

5. APPROPRIATENESS
OF
ASSESSMENT METHODS

6. Once the learning
targets are clearly set, it is
now necessary to determine
an appropriate assessment
procedure or method.

7. WRITTEN-RESPONSE INSTRUMENTS
 are appropriate for assessing the various
levels of hierarchy of educational
objectives.
EXAMPLES:
Multiple choice Identification
True-false Essay
Matching type Fill in the blanks

8. PRODUCT
 are very much appropriate if you
would like to assess the student’s
creative endeavors.

9. PERFORMANCE TESTS
 is used to determine whether or not an
individual behaves in a certain way
when asked to complete a task.

10. ORAL QUESTIONING
 is an appropriate assessment method when
the objectives are:
a. to assess the student’s stock knowledge and/or
b. to determine the student’s ability to
communicate ideas in coherent verbal
sentences.

11. OBSERVATION & SELF REPORTS
 is appropriate when a teacher wants
to diagnose or appraise the
performance of students from the
point of view of the students
themselves.