Session 8 Renal Cancer Cds
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The document discusses three topics: renal disease, cognitive dysfunction syndrome, and cancer. For renal disease, it describes the functions of the kidneys and causes and stages of renal failure. It notes goals of slowing disease progression through diet. For cognitive dysfunction syndrome, it discusses signs like disorientation and potential causes related to mitochondria and antioxidants. It describes a study on problem-solving ability. For cancer, it defines related terms and notes nutritional changes cancer can cause and goals of specialized diets.
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This document provides an overview of basic nutrition concepts. It discusses that nutrition is the study of how food nourishes the body and factors like genetics, lifestyle, and diet that affect long-term health. There are six categories of nutrients - water, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Macronutrients provide building materials and energy for the body, while micronutrients regulate processes. Different scientific study types can help researchers understand nutrition, from case studies to intervention and laboratory studies.
Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Metabolic Syndrome
This document reviews metabolic syndrome and the role of omega-3 fatty acids. It summarizes early studies showing omega-3's positive effects on cardiovascular health. Two supporting studies and one main study are discussed. Supporting Study 1 found fish oil reversed metabolic abnormalities in rats. Supporting Study 2 found omega-3 supplements improved cardiovascular risk factors in humans with metabolic syndrome. The main study found omega-3's improved endothelial function and arterial stiffness in metabolic syndrome patients, with anti-inflammatory effects. Overall, increasing omega-3 intake may benefit reversing metabolic syndrome. Future research on optimal ratios and long-term effects is recommended.
Presentation - Omega-3 PUFAs and Metabolic Syndrome
1) Two supporting studies found that omega-3 fatty acid supplements significantly improved multiple metabolic abnormalities and markers of cardiovascular risk in subjects with metabolic syndrome.
2) The main article was a double-blind, placebo-controlled study that found omega-3 fatty acid supplements improved endothelial function and arterial stiffness while reducing inflammatory markers in adults with metabolic syndrome.
Wellness through Evidence Based Preventative Nutrition
The most common wellness conditions/issues in pets that can be prevented by nutrtional modifications, ingredients or supplements with evidence based references
Case Study Presentation-Rachael Joseph
This case study describes a 31-year-old male with a history of Alport syndrome and kidney transplant who presented with acute renal failure secondary to transplant rejection. Key points include: the patient's medical history of ESRD due to Alport syndrome requiring dialysis and kidney transplant; presentation with elevated creatinine and signs of antibody-mediated transplant rejection; treatment involving immunosuppression medication and potential need for dialysis; and nutrition interventions focusing on meeting protein and calorie needs through a renal diet.
Animal Model Selection, Study Design and Current Trends in Preclinical Obesit...
During this presentation, Dr. Fred Beasley gives a broad-level overview of the factors to consider when deciding on an appropriate preclinical rodent model for studying obesity and its treatments. It features an overview of trends in obesity and associated illnesses, and the role of pharmacological intervention. Dr. Beasley discusses criteria for establishing a study’s aims and review commonly used rodent models obesity, addressing both genetically inherited and diet-induced obesity. The webinar concludes with additional considerations for improving your study design.
Key topics include…
- An introduction to the role of pharmacological intervention in treating obesity
- A guide to establishing study aims for obesity research
- An overview of commonly used rodent obesity models (diet and genetic)
- Additional considerations for obesity research study design
Key methods reviewed include…
Pharmacotherapy, diet induced obesity, Western-style diet, monogenic obese rodents, polygenic obese rodents, NAFLD activity score
5 things that keep you sick and dying prematurely
The document discusses how following a typical American diet high in processed foods and sugar can lead to chronic diseases that are easily cured through lifestyle and dietary changes. It provides 5 reasons why people remain chronically sick: 1) belief that disease is inevitable, 2) reliance on drugs rather than addressing underlying causes, 3) eating for pleasure rather than nutrition, 4) consuming foods containing chemicals banned in other countries, and 5) lack of nutritional knowledge among doctors. Specific diseases like hypertension, anxiety, and diabetes are claimed to be reversible through improving diet and lifestyle within short time periods. The document advocates adopting a low-glycemic, nutrient-dense whole food diet as a drug-free alternative to treating and preventing chronic illness.
Nutrition Basics Emily Caire, RD, LDNRegistered Dietitian.docx
Nutrition Basics
Emily Caire, RD, LDN
Registered Dietitian/Nutritionist
Student Health Center
Wellness and Health Promotion
About the Student Health Center
http://www.shc.lsu.edu/
Medical Clinic
Mental Health Services
Wellness and Health Promotion
A healthy eating plan can…
Improve brain function and energy levels
Maintain a healthy weight range
Prevent disease
Manage health conditions
Enhance physical performance
Energy Requirements
Varies by individual
Moderately active people, 18 years and older
1800 - 2,400 calories (female)
2200 - 3000 calories (male)
Depends on weight goals, activity level and an individual’s age and size
3,500 calories = 1 pound
+500 calories per day for weight loss or weight gain
Calories - one piece of the puzzle
Also consider…
Balance of nutrients
Nutrient quality
Timing of meals
Moderate portions
Different Types of Nutrients
Macronutrients
Carbohydrate
Protein
Fat
Micronutrients
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
Provide energy to the body
Support the energy cycle and cellular function
Carbohydrates
Primary Function
Primary source of energy for all body functions and muscular exertion
Energy Value
4 calories in 1 gram carbohydrate
Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)
40% to 60% of total calories
Sources of Carbohydrates
Simple (sugars)
Food Sources
Fruits and Juices
Milk
Yogurt
Refined/Sweeteners
Cane/Corn/Rice sugars
Honey
Agave nectar
Syrup
Candy and other sweets
Complex (starches)
Grains (Whole and Refined)
Wheat
Barley
Rye
Quinoa
Bread, Cereal, Rice, Pasta, Snacks
Vegetables
Non-starchy (minimal)
Starchy
Protein
Primary Function
Build and repair muscle and other tissues
Promotes fullness
Energy Value
4 calories in 1 gram protein
Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)
10% to 35% of total calories
Sources of Protein
Animal
Beef
Pork
Poultry
Fish
Seafood
Eggs
Dairy
Plant
Beans
Nuts
Seeds
Soy
Fat
Functions
Concentrated source of energy and source of essential fatty acids
Energy Value
9 calories in 1 gram fat
Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)
20% to 35% of total calories
Sources of Fat
Saturated:
Butter
Meat
Dairy
Cheese, ice cream, milk
Coconut/Palm oils
Trans
Margarine (hydrogenated oils)
Vegetable Shortening
Fried foods
Pastries/Snacks/Crackers
Oils
Olive, Canola, Grapeseed, Vegetable, Corn, Peanut
Oil-based dressing
Mayonnaise
Margarine (without hydrogenated oils)
Nuts and Seeds
Avocado
Saturated and Trans Fat
Unsaturated
Alcohol
7 calories in 1 gram alcohol
Has no nutritive value
Instantly absorbed into the blood stream
Metabolized by the liver into triglycerides (blood fat)
Triglycerides stored in adipose (fat) tissue
A serving of alcohol
(1) 12 oz beer
(1) 1.5 oz shot liquor
(1) 5 oz glass wine (5 glasses per bottle)
Water
Functions
Helps cool the body
Transports electrolytes and nutrients
Recommended intake
Depends on the individual and their activity level
As many as two quarts of water per hour can be
lost during exercise
For every pound lost during exercise, h.
Therapeutic & Obesity Diabetes Periodntl dz
The document discusses therapeutic nutrition for small animal diseases. It provides information on different disease conditions in dogs and cats, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, periodontal disease, acute care/recovery, food allergies, and canine osteoarthritis. It outlines the goals of therapeutic nutrition formulas and lists some example prescription diet products. Key nutrients are adjusted in the formulas to help manage diseases and support recovery.
Eating disorder presentation
This document discusses anorexia nervosa and refeeding syndrome. It provides details on a case of a 19 year old girl admitted with severe anorexia and a BMI of 12. The document outlines her physical condition, initial treatment plan involving gradual feeding and electrolyte replacement, and progress over her hospital stay including the need for brief assisted feeding via NG tube. It also discusses the risks, pathophysiology, and management of refeeding syndrome.
Nutrition in Older Adults with voice overs
Nutrition lecture given for HRSA Comprehensive Geriatric Education Classes at all 4 Piedmont Hospitals 2009-2012.
weight loss and constipation
1. Involuntary weight loss of over 5% in 6 months often indicates an underlying disease and requires investigation of possible causes. Common causes include chronic infections, cancer, gastrointestinal issues, and systemic diseases.
2. A thorough history, physical exam, and basic lab tests are needed to evaluate for potential physiological or pathological causes of unexplained weight loss. Further testing like imaging may be needed depending on initial findings.
3. Constipation is defined as less than 3 bowel movements per week and can be caused by gastrointestinal, neurological, metabolic/endocrine issues or medications. Initial evaluation of constipation includes a digital rectal exam, blood tests, sigmoidoscopy and trial of fiber/laxatives. Further testing may be
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Editor's Notes
- Kidneys primary functions are to EXCRETE TOXINS from body (urea, creatinine and other nitrogen waste from the metabolism of proteins) REGULATE BODY FLUIDS (electrolytes and minerals) and FORMATION OF CERTAIN HORMONES (erythropoietin) Other metabolic functions include decreased ability to excrete phosphorus, concentrate urine, maintain normal blood pressure, and produce erythropoetin (a glycoprotein hormone that stimulates red blood cell production).
- This shows that once the cat reaches 10 years of age, the incidence of kidney disease increases by double.