OCRE Workshop: Shaping the Earth Observation Services Market for Research Session 2, part 2: What OCRE is Offering? Urban climate requirements. Nektarios Chrysoulakis, Director of Research, FORTH

1. Urban climaterequirements
Nektarios Chrysoulakis
FORTH, Remote Sensing Lab
OCRE Workshop: Shaping EO
services market for research
Brussels, June 20, 2019
Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas
Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics
Remote Sensing Lab
http://rslab.gr

2. (IPCC 2018)

3. (Creutziga et al. 2015)

6. Urban Energy Balance
› Q*: Net all-wave radiation balance
› QF : Anthropogenic heat flux
› QH : Turbulent sensible heat flux
› QE : Turbulent latent heat flux
› ∆QS : Net change in heat storage
› ∆QA = Qin - Qout: Advective heat flux
(Oke et al. 2017)
𝑄𝑄∗
+ 𝑄𝑄𝐹𝐹= 𝑄𝑄𝐻𝐻 + 𝑄𝑄𝐸𝐸 + ∆𝑄𝑄𝑆𝑆 + ∆𝑄𝑄𝐴𝐴

7. Beyond SDG 11 and GEO SBAs related to sustainable urban development and
resilience:
 New Urban Agenda
 Paris Agreement on Climate Change
 Covenant of Mayors
 NBS initiative
 7th EAP Priorities 2 and 8, that require full delivery of the climate and energy package to
achieve the 20-20-20 targets and the targets of the 2030 Energy Strategy
Polices

11. Climate resilience and disaster risk reduction
(Source: World Bank 2017)

13. Surface Structure and Morphology
› Relevant parameters: SVF, λP, λf, zd &z0:
Building Height (m)
Tree Height
0.0
1.0
SFV

14. Surface Cover and Fabric
(Lantzanakis et al. 2018)

15. Surface Temperature
2016-05-0505.00–11.30
LST o C
http://www.met.reading.ac.uk/micromet/scripts/plots/OptrisPI/C19/BCT_C19_dailyreport_main.html
London Barbican
Nigh time acquisition
Source: NASA/JPL

16. Surface Temperature
London, 19 July 2016, 22:05
MODIS LST at 1 km x 1 km
London, 19 July 2016, 22:05
Downscaled LST at 100 m x 100 m
(Mitraka et al. 2015)
http://urbanfluxes.eu

17. Heat Storage and Flux
http://urbanfluxes.eu

18. In-situ Observations

19. 00:00 03:00 06:00 09:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 24:00
0
10
20
30
40
FC
(μmolCO2
m-2
s-1
)
NORTH
SOUTH
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
0
10
20
30
40
FC
(μmolCO2
m-2
s-1
)
NORTH
SOUTH

20. 00:00 03:00 06:00 09:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 24:00
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
FC
(μmolCO2
m-2
s-1
)
NORTH-EAST
NORTH
Municipality of Heraklion
Centre regeneration

21. Urban Thermal Comfort
Urban Subsidence/Movement/Deformation Risk
Urban Heat Storage Monitoring
Health Impacts (socioeconomic perspective)
Urban Flood Risk Monitoring
Urban CO2 Emissions Monitoring
Urban Heat Emissions Monitoring
Local Scale Surface Temperature Dynamics
Nature Based Solutions
Surface Urban Heat Island Assessment
Climate
Change
Mitigation &
Adaptation
Healthy Cities
and Social
Environments
Energy and
Economy
CLMS CAMS C3S EMS
Urban Air Quality
Urban
Resilience
CURE: Copernicus for Urban Resilience in Europe

22. CUREhttp://www.rslab.gr/downloads_LandsatLST.html

23. Operational requirements:
 Observational: multiscale SAR and optical, hyperspectral, DSM (buildings), Oblique sensing
(facades), multi-angular sensing (albedo), surface temperature at local scale with higher
frequency.
 Computational: big data; cloud-based analyses (GEE, DIAS, U-TEP), AI (augmented training
data); model emulators development.
 Synergy with ground-based systems: drones, HAPS, cameras, WSN - IoT, EC, scinitllometers,
specroradiometes, net-radiometers, Doppler radars, ceilometers, GIS-based socio-economic
datasets, inventories, citizen observations.
 Stakeholders involvement: co-design and co-creation, adoption of developed solutions.
Requirements summary

24. Future cities: Resilient, sustainable, inclusive, safe, resources efficient, innovative; with
circular economy and smart infrastructure.
Specific requirements for urban research:
 Urban resilience: EO data are underexploited; spatially disaggregated data needed;
combining Copernicus Core Services is needed for climate change mitigation and
adaptation, healthy cities and social environment, energy and economy.
 NBS: large scale implementation needed; robust monitoring systems needed;
exploitation of EO in the domain of NBS - EO4NBS.
 Future urban research: coupling urban form and urban function; dynamic coupling of
cities and climate; bridging urban metabolism with urban climate and urban planning.
Requirements summary

25. Thank you!
Nektarios Chrysoulakis
FORTH/IACM
N. Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton,
70013, Heraklion
zedd2@iacm.forth.gr
http://rslab.gr