Structure of a Speech (Introduction & Conclusion)Bishara Adam
The document provides guidance on writing effective presentations by discussing the structure and components of introductions and conclusions. It notes that introductions and conclusions should be concise, occupy less than 20% of speaking time, and leave lasting impressions. Various types of introductions are described, including identifying with the audience, stating the purpose or importance of the topic, surprising with a statistic, using an anecdote, posing a rhetorical question, or employing humor. Common functions of introductions are to get attention, introduce the topic, provide motivation, and establish credibility. Examples of different introduction structures are also provided. The document then discusses types of conclusions such as summaries, quotations, personal references, or calls to action. Functions of conclusions include
This document defines and provides examples of paraphrase. It states that a paraphrase is a restatement or rewording of information without plagiarizing in order to borrow, clarify, or expand on the information. It then describes four types of paraphrasing: changing parts of speech, changing sentence structure, reducing clauses, and replacing words with synonyms. For each type, it provides an original sentence and paraphrased version as an example.
The document discusses various types of formal oral communication including public speeches, presentations, meetings, group discussions, and interviews. It provides tips for each type of communication as well as dos and don'ts. For public speeches, it suggests doing research, organizing ideas logically, and using techniques like eye contact. For meetings, it outlines the roles of chairperson, secretary, and participants. Group discussions allow people to share views and are beneficial for skills development. Proper preparation and positive qualities are keys for successful job interviews.
Language shift occurs when a minority language is displaced by the majority language over time through factors like economic pressures, social status, and intermarriage. This can lead to language death if maintenance efforts are not successful. Language maintenance aims to preserve minority languages through practices like families living together and using their native tongue, as well as institutional support through education. Without maintenance, languages retreat from public domains into private use until they are lost. An example is provided of the Dyirbal language in Australia, which is becoming less used as younger speakers adopt English.
The document discusses several models of communication:
1. The classical model developed by Aristotle focuses on logos, pathos, and ethos.
2. The linear Shannon-Weaver model from 1948 views communication as involving a sender, encoder, message, channel, decoder, receiver, and potential noise.
3. Berlo's SMCR model adds communication skills, attitudes, knowledge, social systems, message elements and structure, codes, and channels to the basic sender-receiver framework.
4. Schramm's interactive model depicts communication as a circular process with simultaneous encoding, interpreting, and decoding between parties.
This document provides a history of public speaking around the world. It discusses the origins of public speaking in ancient Greece and Rome, where it took place in marketplaces and assemblies. Various societies are then examined, including ancient Egypt where advice on speech is found in The Maxims of Ptahhotep, and traditional speaking styles emphasized deference, humility and avoiding conflict. Public speaking is also explored in regions such as Asia, China, Japan, India, and its role in Athenian and Roman democracies where rhetoric was used to participate in debates and assemblies.
This document discusses interpersonal communication methods between two individuals, including face-to-face meetings, farm/home visits, and farmer's calls. Face-to-face communication allows for immediate feedback but is time consuming. Farm/home visits provide first-hand information to farmers but can be expensive if not all homes are visited. Farmer's calls provide information to farmers seeking assistance but only limited information can be exchanged. The document outlines objectives, advantages, and limitations of each method.
Structure of a Speech (Introduction & Conclusion)Bishara Adam
The document provides guidance on writing effective presentations by discussing the structure and components of introductions and conclusions. It notes that introductions and conclusions should be concise, occupy less than 20% of speaking time, and leave lasting impressions. Various types of introductions are described, including identifying with the audience, stating the purpose or importance of the topic, surprising with a statistic, using an anecdote, posing a rhetorical question, or employing humor. Common functions of introductions are to get attention, introduce the topic, provide motivation, and establish credibility. Examples of different introduction structures are also provided. The document then discusses types of conclusions such as summaries, quotations, personal references, or calls to action. Functions of conclusions include
This document defines and provides examples of paraphrase. It states that a paraphrase is a restatement or rewording of information without plagiarizing in order to borrow, clarify, or expand on the information. It then describes four types of paraphrasing: changing parts of speech, changing sentence structure, reducing clauses, and replacing words with synonyms. For each type, it provides an original sentence and paraphrased version as an example.
The document discusses various types of formal oral communication including public speeches, presentations, meetings, group discussions, and interviews. It provides tips for each type of communication as well as dos and don'ts. For public speeches, it suggests doing research, organizing ideas logically, and using techniques like eye contact. For meetings, it outlines the roles of chairperson, secretary, and participants. Group discussions allow people to share views and are beneficial for skills development. Proper preparation and positive qualities are keys for successful job interviews.
Language shift occurs when a minority language is displaced by the majority language over time through factors like economic pressures, social status, and intermarriage. This can lead to language death if maintenance efforts are not successful. Language maintenance aims to preserve minority languages through practices like families living together and using their native tongue, as well as institutional support through education. Without maintenance, languages retreat from public domains into private use until they are lost. An example is provided of the Dyirbal language in Australia, which is becoming less used as younger speakers adopt English.
The document discusses several models of communication:
1. The classical model developed by Aristotle focuses on logos, pathos, and ethos.
2. The linear Shannon-Weaver model from 1948 views communication as involving a sender, encoder, message, channel, decoder, receiver, and potential noise.
3. Berlo's SMCR model adds communication skills, attitudes, knowledge, social systems, message elements and structure, codes, and channels to the basic sender-receiver framework.
4. Schramm's interactive model depicts communication as a circular process with simultaneous encoding, interpreting, and decoding between parties.
This document provides a history of public speaking around the world. It discusses the origins of public speaking in ancient Greece and Rome, where it took place in marketplaces and assemblies. Various societies are then examined, including ancient Egypt where advice on speech is found in The Maxims of Ptahhotep, and traditional speaking styles emphasized deference, humility and avoiding conflict. Public speaking is also explored in regions such as Asia, China, Japan, India, and its role in Athenian and Roman democracies where rhetoric was used to participate in debates and assemblies.
This document discusses interpersonal communication methods between two individuals, including face-to-face meetings, farm/home visits, and farmer's calls. Face-to-face communication allows for immediate feedback but is time consuming. Farm/home visits provide first-hand information to farmers but can be expensive if not all homes are visited. Farmer's calls provide information to farmers seeking assistance but only limited information can be exchanged. The document outlines objectives, advantages, and limitations of each method.
Public Speaking is a show business. For effective pulic presentation follow th three principles:
1. Give the audience what they want.
2. Give them something more.
3. Leave them wanting more.
Great Speakers are not born, they are trained.
This presentation discusses the context of global communication. It defines global communication as sharing information among nations through various means like speaking, writing, and technology. After the Cold War, the role of global communication changed due to technological advancements and international relations. The Internet now allows for effective communication through tools like email and social media. Global communication works to connect, share, and mobilize across geographic, political, economic, social, and cultural boundaries.
The document discusses uses of technology in business communication. It provides details of group members working on the presentation, including their names and student IDs. The core topics that will be presented are communication, business communication, the importance of business communication, types of business communication, the relationship between technology and business communication, and the different technological tools used in business communication such as computers, the internet, printers, fax machines, social networks, email, telephones, mobile phones, multimedia, and videoconferencing.
This document summarizes several models of communication, including linear models attributed to Aristotle and Lasswell, as well as interactive models like Osgood and Schramm's circular model. It also discusses transactional models such as Dance's helical model and Rogers and Kincaid's convergence model. For each model, it provides 1-2 key points about the components and perspectives they represent in the communication process.
Ch 14 strategies for successful speaking and successful listeningRahila Khan
This document provides strategies for successful speaking and listening. It discusses what speaking and listening are, as well as strategies to improve both skills. For speaking, it recommends being well-prepared, organizing ideas logically, creating a positive impression, maintaining eye contact, and keeping the audience interested. For listening, it suggests focusing on the message, comprehending and evaluating, and remembering. Active listening techniques include giving full attention, asking questions, reflecting, clarifying, and summarizing. The benefits of listening include developing a positive attitude, improving communication, showing interest, obtaining useful information, and creating understanding.
101 inspiring quotes about communicationJeremy Balius
These inspiring quotes about communication are compiled to make them easily accessible for you to use in your own communications, presentations and speeches.
The quotes cover a wide array of communications topics, including relationships, public speaking, reputation management, PR, internal and external engagement, leadership, marketing and corporate affairs.
I hope you find these quotes inspiring and useful.
Discover more at https://filament.digital
Public speaking involves addressing a large audience formally on a topic of general interest. It lacks the feedback and spontaneity of face-to-face communication due to the physical and psychological distance between the speaker and audience. Effective public speaking requires preparation including knowing the audience, choosing a topic, determining the purpose, collecting supporting materials, outlining the speech, and writing and practicing the delivery. Proper use of body language like posture, gestures, facial expressions and eye contact is important to complement the message during a public speaking presentation.
Presentation Skills and Personality DevelopmentShrineDasgupta
MDU PSPD SYLLABUS - UNIT 1 AND UNIT 2
1. presentation
2. types of presentation
3. planned and unplanned presentation
4. planning a presentation
5. process of planning a presentation
6. points to keep in mind while planning a presentation
7. case studies
8. methods of presentation
9. delivering a presentation
10. tips for being an effective presenter
11. dealing with difficult situations
12. how to keep your attentive
13. hoe to motivate your audience
14. outcomes of presentation
15. case studies
This document discusses the art of public speaking. It defines public speaking as speaking to a group of people in a structured manner to inform, influence, or entertain the audience. Good public speaking requires organizing thoughts logically, tailoring the message to the audience, telling impactful stories, and adapting to listener feedback. While public speaking is more formal than conversation, training in it can improve communication skills. The document provides tips for reducing nervousness, such as gaining experience, preparing thoroughly, thinking positively, and focusing on the audience rather than oneself. Overall, the goal of public speaking is effective communication rather than perfection.
Nabeela Taimur Ali presented on lexical borrowing. She speaks two varieties of the Luyia language as well as Swahili and English. Many words are borrowed between the languages she speaks. Borrowing occurs when languages are in regular contact, with words and phrases being adopted from the other language. Lexical borrowing refers to incorporating words from one language into another, especially nouns and verbs. Borrowing typically flows from the more prestigious language to the less prestigious one.
The document provides tips for giving effective public speeches. It recommends greeting the audience, organizing the speech into an introduction, main speech, and conclusion. The main points should be limited to three for a three-minute speech. Speakers should use clear language, cite specific examples, vary tone and pace, maintain eye contact with the audience, and practice their speech.
This document provides a list of websites that offer resources for public speaking, presentations, meetings, and design. Some of the sites listed include mindtools.com, lifehacker.com, huffingtonpost.com, sixminutes.dlugan.com, speaking.pitt.edu, washington.edu, asme.org, and effectivemeetings.com. The document was curated and the design was created by PresentationDeck.com.
Interpersonal communication presentation non verbal communication Genesis Ramírez
This document discusses principles of nonverbal communication. It covers several key points:
1) Nonverbal communication includes visual-auditory codes like kinesics, physical appearance, facial expressions, and paralanguage. It also regulates conversation flow and is often more believable than words.
2) Nonverbal communication can conflict with verbal statements, creating "mixed messages." Different codes include space, touch, and use of time.
3) Cultural variations must be considered, as meanings differ across cultures. Interpreting nonverbal behavior requires context and checking assumptions.
This document discusses problems students face with listening in English and potential solutions. It begins with an introduction on the importance of listening skills. Some common problems with listening identified are prejudice, selective listening, distractions, and making assumptions beyond what was said. Suggested solutions include watching English media, giving individual attention without interruptions, and improving pronunciation. The conclusion finds students' listening difficulties stem from challenging syllabi and low motivation, while external problems include limited university facilities. Overall, regular listening practice is advised to enhance skills.
This document discusses various issues and trends related to teaching English as a foreign language. It addresses common problems that can arise, such as learner inhibition, low participation, and lack of motivation. It also explores different methods for teaching second languages to children, such as immersion programs, sign language instruction, and combining language learning with physical actions. The document emphasizes the importance of finding an instructional method that suits each learner's individual needs. It also notes challenges like insufficient time and resources for language teaching in some contexts. Overall, the document provides an overview of current issues, methods, and debates surrounding the field of teaching English as a foreign language.
Communication involves the transfer of information from a sender to a receiver through various channels and codes, with models like Berlow's highlighting elements like the message, encoder, decoder, and feedback. Effective communication requires understanding different types like written, oral, and levels from intrapersonal to mass communication. Aristotle's model also emphasizes elements of the speaker, speech, occasion, audience, and the intended effect.
This document provides tips and guidelines for effectively introducing and concluding a speech. The introduction should get the audience's attention, reveal the topic, and establish the speaker's credibility. Suggested methods include relating to the audience, stating importance, starting questions, and telling a story. The conclusion should signal the end and reinforce the central idea through summarizing, quoting, or a dramatic statement. Body language and avoiding distracting postures are also addressed. Overall the document offers advice for crafting a well-structured speech with an engaging introduction and conclusion.
This document discusses verbal and non-verbal communication. It notes that there are two types of communication: verbal and non-verbal. Verbal communication involves the use of language and sound to convey messages, while non-verbal communication involves gestures, eye contact, and body language. The document also discusses cultural differences in both verbal and non-verbal communication, noting that aspects like volume of voice, direct confrontation, and gestures can differ between cultures.
A salesperson's performance appraisal should include both quantitative and qualitative metrics. Quantitatively, it should measure a salesperson's sales quota, number of accounts managed, expense handling, geographic coverage, products/services sold, and new accounts/opportunities. Qualitatively, it should assess innovation, recruiting/training, motivation, leadership, account management, and efficiency. Using a balanced set of criteria allows for fair comparisons between salespeople in different roles and territories.
Public Speaking is a show business. For effective pulic presentation follow th three principles:
1. Give the audience what they want.
2. Give them something more.
3. Leave them wanting more.
Great Speakers are not born, they are trained.
This presentation discusses the context of global communication. It defines global communication as sharing information among nations through various means like speaking, writing, and technology. After the Cold War, the role of global communication changed due to technological advancements and international relations. The Internet now allows for effective communication through tools like email and social media. Global communication works to connect, share, and mobilize across geographic, political, economic, social, and cultural boundaries.
The document discusses uses of technology in business communication. It provides details of group members working on the presentation, including their names and student IDs. The core topics that will be presented are communication, business communication, the importance of business communication, types of business communication, the relationship between technology and business communication, and the different technological tools used in business communication such as computers, the internet, printers, fax machines, social networks, email, telephones, mobile phones, multimedia, and videoconferencing.
This document summarizes several models of communication, including linear models attributed to Aristotle and Lasswell, as well as interactive models like Osgood and Schramm's circular model. It also discusses transactional models such as Dance's helical model and Rogers and Kincaid's convergence model. For each model, it provides 1-2 key points about the components and perspectives they represent in the communication process.
Ch 14 strategies for successful speaking and successful listeningRahila Khan
This document provides strategies for successful speaking and listening. It discusses what speaking and listening are, as well as strategies to improve both skills. For speaking, it recommends being well-prepared, organizing ideas logically, creating a positive impression, maintaining eye contact, and keeping the audience interested. For listening, it suggests focusing on the message, comprehending and evaluating, and remembering. Active listening techniques include giving full attention, asking questions, reflecting, clarifying, and summarizing. The benefits of listening include developing a positive attitude, improving communication, showing interest, obtaining useful information, and creating understanding.
101 inspiring quotes about communicationJeremy Balius
These inspiring quotes about communication are compiled to make them easily accessible for you to use in your own communications, presentations and speeches.
The quotes cover a wide array of communications topics, including relationships, public speaking, reputation management, PR, internal and external engagement, leadership, marketing and corporate affairs.
I hope you find these quotes inspiring and useful.
Discover more at https://filament.digital
Public speaking involves addressing a large audience formally on a topic of general interest. It lacks the feedback and spontaneity of face-to-face communication due to the physical and psychological distance between the speaker and audience. Effective public speaking requires preparation including knowing the audience, choosing a topic, determining the purpose, collecting supporting materials, outlining the speech, and writing and practicing the delivery. Proper use of body language like posture, gestures, facial expressions and eye contact is important to complement the message during a public speaking presentation.
Presentation Skills and Personality DevelopmentShrineDasgupta
MDU PSPD SYLLABUS - UNIT 1 AND UNIT 2
1. presentation
2. types of presentation
3. planned and unplanned presentation
4. planning a presentation
5. process of planning a presentation
6. points to keep in mind while planning a presentation
7. case studies
8. methods of presentation
9. delivering a presentation
10. tips for being an effective presenter
11. dealing with difficult situations
12. how to keep your attentive
13. hoe to motivate your audience
14. outcomes of presentation
15. case studies
This document discusses the art of public speaking. It defines public speaking as speaking to a group of people in a structured manner to inform, influence, or entertain the audience. Good public speaking requires organizing thoughts logically, tailoring the message to the audience, telling impactful stories, and adapting to listener feedback. While public speaking is more formal than conversation, training in it can improve communication skills. The document provides tips for reducing nervousness, such as gaining experience, preparing thoroughly, thinking positively, and focusing on the audience rather than oneself. Overall, the goal of public speaking is effective communication rather than perfection.
Nabeela Taimur Ali presented on lexical borrowing. She speaks two varieties of the Luyia language as well as Swahili and English. Many words are borrowed between the languages she speaks. Borrowing occurs when languages are in regular contact, with words and phrases being adopted from the other language. Lexical borrowing refers to incorporating words from one language into another, especially nouns and verbs. Borrowing typically flows from the more prestigious language to the less prestigious one.
The document provides tips for giving effective public speeches. It recommends greeting the audience, organizing the speech into an introduction, main speech, and conclusion. The main points should be limited to three for a three-minute speech. Speakers should use clear language, cite specific examples, vary tone and pace, maintain eye contact with the audience, and practice their speech.
This document provides a list of websites that offer resources for public speaking, presentations, meetings, and design. Some of the sites listed include mindtools.com, lifehacker.com, huffingtonpost.com, sixminutes.dlugan.com, speaking.pitt.edu, washington.edu, asme.org, and effectivemeetings.com. The document was curated and the design was created by PresentationDeck.com.
Interpersonal communication presentation non verbal communication Genesis Ramírez
This document discusses principles of nonverbal communication. It covers several key points:
1) Nonverbal communication includes visual-auditory codes like kinesics, physical appearance, facial expressions, and paralanguage. It also regulates conversation flow and is often more believable than words.
2) Nonverbal communication can conflict with verbal statements, creating "mixed messages." Different codes include space, touch, and use of time.
3) Cultural variations must be considered, as meanings differ across cultures. Interpreting nonverbal behavior requires context and checking assumptions.
This document discusses problems students face with listening in English and potential solutions. It begins with an introduction on the importance of listening skills. Some common problems with listening identified are prejudice, selective listening, distractions, and making assumptions beyond what was said. Suggested solutions include watching English media, giving individual attention without interruptions, and improving pronunciation. The conclusion finds students' listening difficulties stem from challenging syllabi and low motivation, while external problems include limited university facilities. Overall, regular listening practice is advised to enhance skills.
This document discusses various issues and trends related to teaching English as a foreign language. It addresses common problems that can arise, such as learner inhibition, low participation, and lack of motivation. It also explores different methods for teaching second languages to children, such as immersion programs, sign language instruction, and combining language learning with physical actions. The document emphasizes the importance of finding an instructional method that suits each learner's individual needs. It also notes challenges like insufficient time and resources for language teaching in some contexts. Overall, the document provides an overview of current issues, methods, and debates surrounding the field of teaching English as a foreign language.
Communication involves the transfer of information from a sender to a receiver through various channels and codes, with models like Berlow's highlighting elements like the message, encoder, decoder, and feedback. Effective communication requires understanding different types like written, oral, and levels from intrapersonal to mass communication. Aristotle's model also emphasizes elements of the speaker, speech, occasion, audience, and the intended effect.
This document provides tips and guidelines for effectively introducing and concluding a speech. The introduction should get the audience's attention, reveal the topic, and establish the speaker's credibility. Suggested methods include relating to the audience, stating importance, starting questions, and telling a story. The conclusion should signal the end and reinforce the central idea through summarizing, quoting, or a dramatic statement. Body language and avoiding distracting postures are also addressed. Overall the document offers advice for crafting a well-structured speech with an engaging introduction and conclusion.
This document discusses verbal and non-verbal communication. It notes that there are two types of communication: verbal and non-verbal. Verbal communication involves the use of language and sound to convey messages, while non-verbal communication involves gestures, eye contact, and body language. The document also discusses cultural differences in both verbal and non-verbal communication, noting that aspects like volume of voice, direct confrontation, and gestures can differ between cultures.
A salesperson's performance appraisal should include both quantitative and qualitative metrics. Quantitatively, it should measure a salesperson's sales quota, number of accounts managed, expense handling, geographic coverage, products/services sold, and new accounts/opportunities. Qualitatively, it should assess innovation, recruiting/training, motivation, leadership, account management, and efficiency. Using a balanced set of criteria allows for fair comparisons between salespeople in different roles and territories.
This document discusses key performance indicators (KPIs) for administration departments. It provides resources for developing KPIs, including lists of sample KPIs, performance appraisal metrics, and steps for creating a KPI system. Mistakes to avoid when developing KPIs are outlined, such as creating too many KPIs or not linking them to organizational strategy. Different types of KPIs are also defined, such as leading vs lagging indicators. More free resources on KPIs can be found by visiting the provided website.
This document provides materials for evaluating the performance of a customer services advisor, including:
1. A job performance evaluation form with sections to rate performance factors, identify strengths/areas for improvement, set goals, and obtain signatures.
2. Examples of performance review phrases to assess an advisor's attitude, creativity, decision-making and other skills.
3. The entire document aims to help managers fairly and consistently appraise an advisor's work.
Head of service delivery performance appraisalkenzphillip12
This document contains materials for evaluating the performance of a head of service delivery, including:
1) A job performance evaluation form with ratings and factors like administration, communication, decision making, and customer service.
2) Examples of performance review phrases focusing on attitudes, creativity, and decision making.
3) The evaluation form is meant to be completed by the employee and supervisor to assess strengths, areas for improvement, and develop plans to improve performance for the next review period.
Financial service advisor job description,Financial service advisor goals & objectives,Financial service advisor KPIs & KRAs,Financial service advisor self appraisal
Service support manager performance appraisallucaschaplin8
This document provides information and materials for evaluating the performance of a service support manager, including:
1. A sample performance evaluation form with rating scales for evaluating a manager across key criteria like administration, communication, decision-making, etc.
2. Examples of performance review phrases for evaluating attributes like attitude, creativity, interpersonal skills, and problem-solving.
3. An overview of the top 12 methods for conducting performance appraisals, such as management by objectives, critical incident method, behaviorally anchored rating scales, and 360 degree feedback.
Field service coordinator performance appraisaldylanmalone752
Field service coordinator job description, Field service coordinator goals & objectives, Field service coordinator KPIs & KRAs, Field service coordinator self appraisal
Professional services director performance appraisalwilsonchris961
Professional services director job description,Professional services director goals & objectives,Professional services director KPIs & KRAs,Professional services director self appraisal
Service station attendant job description,Service station attendant goals & objectives,Service station attendant KPIs & KRAs,Service station attendant self appraisal
International consultant job description, International consultant goals & objectives, International consultant KPIs & KRAs, International consultant self appraisal
This document provides information and materials for evaluating the performance of a senior travel consultant, including:
1. A job performance evaluation form with ratings and factors to evaluate like administration, communication, decision making, etc.
2. Examples of performance review phrases for evaluating attributes like attitude, creativity, interpersonal skills, and problem solving.
3. An overview of the top 12 methods for performance appraisal that could be used for a senior travel consultant, such as management by objectives, critical incident method, behaviorally anchored rating scales, and 360 degree feedback.
This document provides information and resources for evaluating the performance of a sustainability consultant, including:
1. A sample job performance evaluation form with sections for planning and results, rating performance factors, strengths and areas for improvement, and signatures.
2. Examples of performance review phrases for evaluating various skills and behaviors.
3. An overview of the top 12 methods for conducting performance appraisals, such as management by objectives, critical incident method, behaviorally anchored rating scales, and 360 degree feedback.
This document provides information and resources for evaluating the performance of a wireless consultant, including:
1. A sample job performance evaluation form with sections for reviewing performance factors, strengths, areas for improvement, and signatures.
2. Examples of performance review phrases for evaluating a wireless consultant's attitude, creativity, decision-making, interpersonal skills, and problem-solving abilities.
3. An overview of the top 12 methods for performing a wireless consultant's performance appraisal, such as management by objectives, critical incident method, behaviorally anchored rating scales, and 360 degree feedback.
This document provides information and resources for conducting a performance appraisal for an auto sales consultant. It includes:
1. A sample auto sales consultant performance evaluation form with sections to rate performance factors, document strengths/areas for improvement, set goals, and obtain signatures.
2. Examples of performance review phrases to assess different skills and behaviors like attitude, creativity, decision-making, and teamwork.
3. An overview of the top 12 methods for conducting performance appraisals, such as management by objectives, critical incident method, behaviorally anchored rating scales, and 360 degree feedback.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
2. Useful performance appraisal materials for service delivery
consultant:
• performanceappraisal360.com/free-ebook-2456-phrases-for-performance-
appraisals
• performanceappraisal360.com/free-65-performance-appraisal-forms
• performanceappraisal360.com/free-ebook-top-12-methods-for-performance-
appraisaln
• performanceappraisal360.com/free-ebook-top-15-secrets-to-set-up-
performance-management-system
• performanceappraisal360.com/free-ebook-2436-KPI-samples/
• performanceappraisal360.com/free-ebook-top -9-tips-to-writing-a-winning-
self-appraisal
• Service delivery consultant job description
• Service delivery consultant goals & objectives
• Service delivery consultant KPIs & KRAs
• Service delivery consultant self appraisal
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 2
3. I. Service delivery consultant performance form
Name:
Evaluation Period:
Title: Date:
PERFORMANCE PLANNING AND RESULTS
Performance Review
• Use a current job description (job descriptions are available on the HR web page).
• Rate the person's level of performance, using the definitions below.
• Review with employee each performance factor used to evaluate his/her work performance.
• Give an overall rating in the space provided, using the definitions below as a guide.
Performance Rating Definitions
The following ratings must be used to ensure commonality of language and consistency on
overall ratings: (There should be supporting comments to justify ratings of “Outstanding” “Below Expectations,
and “Unsatisfactory”)
Outstanding Performance is consistently superior
Exceeds Expectations Performance is routinely above job requirements
Meets Expectations Performance is regularly competent and dependable
Below Expectations Performance fails to meet job requirements on a frequent basis
Unsatisfactory Performance is consistently unacceptable
A. PERFORMANCE FACTORS (use job description as basis of this evaluation).
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 3
4. Administration - Measures effectiveness in planning,
organizing and efficiently handling activities and eliminating
unnecessary activities
Outstanding
Exceeds Expectations
Meets Expectations
Below Expectations
Unsatisfactory
NA
Knowledge of Work - Consider employee's skill level,
knowledge and understanding of all phases of the job and
those requiring improved skills and/or experience.
Outstanding
Exceeds Expectations
Meets Expectations
Below Expectations
Unsatisfactory
NA
Communication - Measures effectiveness in listening to
others, expressing ideas, both orally and in writing and
providing relevant and timely information to management,
co-workers, subordinates and customers.
Outstanding
Exceeds Expectations
Meets Expectations
Below Expectations
Unsatisfactory
NA
Teamwork - Measures how well this individual gets along
with fellow employees, respects the rights of other
employees and shows a cooperative spirit.
Outstanding
Exceeds Expectations
Meets Expectations
Below Expectations
Unsatisfactory
NA
Decision Making/Problem Solving - Measures
effectiveness in understanding problems and making timely,
practical decisions.
Outstanding
Exceeds Expectations
Meets Expectations
Below Expectations
Unsatisfactory
NA
Expense Management - Measures effectiveness in
establishing appropriate reporting and control procedures;
operating efficiently at lowest cost; staying within
established budgets.
Outstanding
Exceeds Expectations
Meets Expectations
Below Expectations
Unsatisfactory
NA
Human Resource Management - Measures effectiveness in
selecting qualified people; evaluating subordinates'
performance; strengths and development needs; providing
constructive feedback, and taking appropriate and timely
action with marginal or unsatisfactory performers. Also
considers efforts to further the university goal of equal
employment opportunity.
Outstanding
Exceeds Expectations
Meets Expectations
Below Expectations
Unsatisfactory
NA
Independent Action - Measures effectiveness in time
management; initiative and independent action within
prescribed limits.
Outstanding
Exceeds Expectations
Meets Expectations
Below Expectations
Unsatisfactory
NA
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 4
5. Job Knowledge - Measures effectiveness in keeping
knowledgeable of methods, techniques and skills required
in own job and related functions; remaining current on new
developments affecting SPSU and its work activities.
Outstanding
Exceeds Expectations
Meets Expectations
Below Expectations
Unsatisfactory
NA
Leadership - Measures effectiveness in accomplishing
work assignments through subordinates; establishing
challenging goals; delegating and coordinating effectively;
promoting innovation and team effort.
Outstanding
Exceeds Expectations
Meets Expectations
Below Expectations
Unsatisfactory
NA
Managing Change and Improvement - Measures
effectiveness in initiating changes, adapting to necessary
changes from old methods when they are no longer
practical, identifying new methods and generating
improvement in facility's performance.
Outstanding
Exceeds Expectations
Meets Expectations
Below Expectations
Unsatisfactory
NA
Customer Responsiveness - Measures responsiveness and
courtesy in dealing with internal staff, external customers
and vendors; employee projects a courteous manner.
Outstanding
Exceeds Expectations
Meets Expectations
Below Expectations
Unsatisfactory
NA
Personal Appearance - Measures neatness and personal
hygiene appropriate to position.
Outstanding
Exceeds Expectations
Meets Expectations
Below Expectations
Unsatisfactory
NA
Dependability - Measures how well employee complies
with instructions and performs under unusual
circumstances; consider record of attendance and
punctuality.
Outstanding
Exceeds Expectations
Meets Expectations
Below Expectations
Unsatisfactory
NA
Safety - Measures individual's work habits and attitudes as
they apply to working safely. Consider their contribution to
accident prevention, safety awareness, ability to care for
SPSU property and keep workspace safe and tidy.
Outstanding
Exceeds Expectations
Meets Expectations
Below Expectations
Unsatisfactory
NA
Employee's Responsiveness - Measures responsiveness in
completing job tasks in a timely manner.
Outstanding
Exceeds Expectations
Meets Expectations
Below Expectations
Unsatisfactory
NA
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 5
6. B. EMPLOYEE STRENGTHS AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Include those which are relevant
during this evaluation period. This should be related to performance or behavioral
aspects you appreciated in their performance.
C. PERFORMANCE AREAS WHICH NEED IMPROVEMENT:
D. PLAN OF ACTION TOWARD IMPROVED PERFORMANCE:
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 6
7. E. EMPLOYEE COMMENTS:
F. JOB DESCRIPTION REVIEW SECTION: (Please check the appropriate box.)
Employee job description has been reviewed during this evaluation and no changes
have been made to the job description at this time.
Employee job description has been reviewed during this evaluation and modifications
have been proposed to the job description. The modified job description is attached to
this evaluation.
G. SIGNATURES:
Employee Date
(Signature does not necessarily denote agreement with official review and means only that the employee was
given the opportunity to discuss the official review with the supervisor.)
Evaluated by Date
Reviewed by Date
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 7
8. II. Service delivery consultant performance phrases
1.Attitude Performance Review Examples – service delivery consultant
Positive review
• Holly has one of those attitudes that is always positive. She frequently has a smile on her
face and you can tell she enjoys her job.
• Greg is a cheerful guy who always makes you feel delighted when you’re around him.
We are fortunate to have Greg on our team.
• Thom has an even demeanor through good times and bad. His constant cheer helps others
keep their “enthusiasm” – both positive and negative – in check.
Negative review
• Jim frequently gives off “an air” of superiority to his coworkers. He is not approachable
and is rough to work with.
• Bill has a dreadful outlook at times which has a tendency to bring down the entire team.
• For the most part, Lenny is a personable guy, but when he gets upset, his attitude turns
shocking. Lenny needs to balance his personality out and not react so much to negative
events.
2.Creativity and Innovation Performance Review Phrases for service delivery consultant
Positive review
• Sally has a creative touch in a sometimes monotonous role within our team – the way she
adds inspiration to the day to day tasks she performs is admirable.
• When a major problem arises, we frequently turn to Jon for his creativity in solving
problems. The way he can look at an issue from different sides is a great resource to our
team.
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 8
9. • Whenever we need a fresh look at a problem, we know we can turn to Julia for a novel
perspective.
Negative review
• Paul’s team feels discouraged as he often “shoots down” creative ideas without any
explanation. Paul should be more willing to listen to ideas before he rejects them outright.
• Jean does not tap into the creative side of her team and consistently overlooks the
innovate employees reporting to her.
• Kevin has a difficult time thinking “outside of the box” and creating new and untested
solutions.
3.Performance review phrases for decision making – service delivery consultant
Positive performance review phrases for decision making
A person with good decision-making skills should be a person:
• Be able to make sound fact-based judgments;
• Be able to work out multiple alternative solutions and determined the most suitable one;
• Be objective in considering a fact or situation;
• Be firm to not let the individual emotion and feeling affect on the made decision;
Negative performance review phrases for decision making
• Be hesitant in making decision and too much cautious in making the final decision which often
results in wrong decision;
• Apply complex and impractical approaches in solving problems;
• Fail to make a short-list of solutions recommended by direct units;
• Be paralyzed and confused when facing tight deadlines to make decisions;
4.Interpersonal Skills Performance Review Phrases – service delivery consultant
Positive review
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 9
10. • Ben has a natural rapport with people and does very well at communicating with others.
• Sally has a knack for making people feel important when she speaks with them. This
translates into great opportunities for teamwork and connections to form.
• Jack makes people feel at home with him. His natural ability to work with people is a
great asset to our team.
Negative review
• Tim does not understand how crucial good working relationships with fellow team
members are.
• John has an excellent impression among the management team, yet his fellow team
members cannot stand working with him.
• Paula seems to shrink when she’s around others and does not cultivate good relations
with her co-workers.
5.Problem Solving Skills Employee Evaluation Examples – service delivery consultant
Positive review
• Greg’s investigative skills has provided a key resource for a team focused on solving
glitches. His ability to quickly assess a problem and identify potential solutions is key to
his excellent performance.
• Frank examines a problem and quickly identifies potential solutions – and then makes a
recommendation as to what solution to pursue.
• Rachel understands the testing process and how to discover a solution to a particular
problem.
Negative review
• Joan is poor at communicating problem status before it becomes a crisis.
• Bill can offer up potential solutions to a problem, but struggles to identify the best
solution.
• Unraveling a problem to discuss the core issues is a skill Janet lacks.
• Peter resists further training in problem solving, believing he is proficient, yet lacking in
many areas.
• In his technical role, we turn to James often to solve problems. He seems slow and
indecisive when presented with a major issue.
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 10
11. 6.Teamwork Skills Performance Appraisal Phrases – service delivery consultant
Positive review
• Harry manages his relationships with his coworkers, managers, and employees in a
professional manner.
• Tom contributes to the success of the team on a regular basis.
• Ben isn’t concerned about who gets the credit, just that the task gets accomplished.
• Mary is a team player and understands how to help others in times of need.
• Peter is the consummate team player.
Negative review
• Bill does not assist his teammates as required.
• Ryan holds on to too much and does not delegate to his team effectively.
• Bryan focuses on getting his own work accomplished, but does not take the time to help
those members of his team who are struggling to keep up.
• Peter was very good at teamwork when he was just a member of the team, now that he is
in a supervisory role, Peter has lost much of those teamwork skills.
• Lyle works with the team well when his own projects are coming due and he needs help,
but once those are accomplished, he does not frequently help others on their projects.
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 11
12. III.Top 12 methods for service delivery consultant performance
appraisal:
1.Management by Objectives (MBO) Method
This is one of the best methods for the judgment of an employee's performance, where the
managers and employees set a particular objective for employees and evaluate their performance
periodically. After the goal is achieved, the employees are also rewarded according to the results.
This performance appraisal method of management by objectives depends on accomplishing the
goal rather than how it is accomplished.
-----------------------------
MBO Features
MBO emphasizes participatively set goals that are tangible, verifiable and measurable.
MBO focuses attention on what must be accomplished (goals) rather than how it is to be
accomplished (methods).
MBO, by concentrating on key result areas translates the abstract philosophy of
management into concrete phraseology. The technique can be put to general use (non-
specialist technique). Further it is “a dynamic system which seeks to integrate the company's
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 12
13. need to clarify and achieve its profit and growth targets with the manager's need to contribute
and develop himself”.
MBO is a systematic and rational technique that allows management to attain maximum
results from available resources by focusing on achievable goals. It allows the subordinate
plenty of room to make creative decisions on his own.
-----------------------------
2.Critical Incident Method
In this method, the manager writes down the positive and negative behavioral performance of the
employees. This is done throughout the performance period and the final report is submitted as
the assessment of the employees. This method helps employees in managing their performance
and improves the quality of their work.
-----------------------------
Disadvantages of critical Incident
This method suffers however from the following limitations:
• Critical incidents technique of evaluation is applied to evaluate the performance of superiors
rather than of peers of subordinates.
• Negative incidents may be more noticeable than positive incidents.
• It results in very close supervision which may not be liked by the employee.
• The recording of incidents may be a chore for the manager concerned, who may be too busy or
forget to do it.
• The supervisors have a tendency to unload a series of complaints about incidents during an
annual performance review session.
-----------------------------
3.Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales (BARS)
The BARS method is used to describe a rating of the employee's performance which focuses on
the specific behavior as indicators of effective and ineffective performance. This method is
usually a combination of two other methods namely, the rating scale and critical incident
technique of employee evaluation.
-----------------------------
Rating scales for BARs
Each behavior can rate at one of 7 scales as follows (you can set scales depend on your
requirements)
• Extremely poor (1 points)
• Poor (2 points)
• Below average (3 points)
• Average (4 points)
• Above average (5 points)
• Good (6 points)
• Extremely good (7 points)
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 13
14. -----------------------------
4.Behavioral Observation Scales (BOS)
It is defined as the frequency rating of critical incidents which the employee has performed over
a specific duration in the organization. It was developed because methods like graphic rating
scales and behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS) depend on vague judgments made by the
supervisors about employees.
-----------------------------
5.360 Degree Performance Appraisal Method
The definition of this performance evaluation method is that, it is a system or process wherein
the employees receive some performance feedback examples, which are anonymous and
confidential from co-workers. This process is conducted by managers and subordinates who,
through 360 degrees, measure certain factors about the employees. These are behavior and
competence, skills such as listening, planning and goal-setting, teamwork, character, and
leadership effectiveness.
-----------------------------
Advantages of 360 degree appraisal
• Offer a more comprehensive view towards the performance of employees.
• Improve credibility of performance appraisal.
• Such colleague’s feedback will help strengthen self-development.
• Increases responsibilities of employees to their customers.
• The mix of ideas can give a more accurate assessment.
• Opinions gathered from lots of staff are sure to be more persuasive.
• Not only manager should make assessments on its staff performance but other colleagues
should do, too.
• People who undervalue themselves are often motivated by feedback from others.
• If more staff takes part in the process of performance appraisal, the organizational culture of the
company will become more honest.
-----------------------------
6.Checklist and Weighted Checklist Method
The checklist method comprises a list of set objectives and statements about the employee's
behavior. For example, leadership skills, on-time delivery, innovation, etc. If the appraiser
believes that the employee possesses the trait mentioned in the checklist, he puts a tick in front of
it. If he thinks the employee doesn't have a particular trait he will leave it blank and mentions
about it in the improvement column. Weighted checklist is a variation of the checklist method
where a value is allotted to each question. The value of each question can differ based on its
importance. The total score from the checklist is taken into consideration for evaluating the
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 14
15. employee's performance. It poses a strong threat of bias on the appraiser's end. Though this
method is highly time-consuming and complex, it is widely used for performance evaluation.
-----------------------------
Advantages and disadvantages of weighted checklist
• This method help the manager in evaluation of the performance of the employee.
• The rater may be biased in distinguishing the positive and negative questions. He may assign
biased weights to the questions.
• This method also is expensive and time consuming.
• It becomes difficult for the manager to assemble, analyze and weigh a number of statements
about the employee’s characteristics, contributions and behaviors.
-----------------------------
7.Graphic Rating Scale Method
Graphic rating scale is one of the most frequently used performance evaluation methods. A
simple printed form enlists the traits of the employees required for completing the task
efficiently. They are then rated based on the degree to which an employee represents a particular
trait that affects the quantity and quality of work. A rating scale is adopted and implemented for
judging each trait of the employee. The merit of using this method is that it is easy to calculate
the rating. However, a major drawback of this method is that each characteristic is given equal
weight and the evaluation may be subjective.
-----------------------------
Advantages and Disadvantage of the rating scales
Advantages of the rating scales
• Graphic rating scales are less time consuming to develop.
• They also allow for quantitative comparison.
Disadvantages of the rating scales
• Different supervisors will use the same graphic scales in slightly different ways.
• One way to get around the ambiguity inherent in graphic rating scales is to use behavior based
scales, in which specific work related behaviors are assessed.
• More validity comparing workers ratings from a single supervisor than comparing two workers
who were rated by different supervisors.
-----------------------------
8.Comparative Evaluation Method
Two ways are used to make a comparative evaluation, namely, the simple ranking method and
the paired comparison method. In the simple or straight ranking method the employee is rated by
the evaluator on a scale of best to worst. However, the evaluator may be biased and may not
judge the overall performance effectively in the absence of fixed criteria. This kind of evaluation
may be more opinion-based than fact-based.
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 15
16. Under the paired comparison method, the overall performance of one individual is directly
compared with that of the other on the basis of a common criterion. This comparison is all
evasive and not job-specific. While some employees emerge as clear front runners, there are
others who seem to be lagging behind. This is not a popular evaluation system as employers do
not want to encourage discrimination. This is useful in companies which have a limited number
of promotions or funds.
-----------------------------
Steps to conduct paired comparison analysis
• List the options you will compare (elements as A, B, C, D, E for example).
• Create a table 6 rows and 7 column.
• Write down option to column and row; A to row second, cell first from left and A to row first,
cell second from left; B to row third, cell first from left and B to row first, cell third from left etc;
column seventh is total point.
• Identify importance from 0 (no difference) to 3 (major difference).
• Compare element “A” to B, C, D, E and place “point” at each cell.
• Finally, consolidate the results by adding up the total of all the values for each of the options.
You may want to convert these values into a percentage of the total score.
-----------------------------
9.Forced Choice Method
In this method, the appraiser is asked to choose from two pairing statements which may appear
equally positive and negative. However, the statements dictate the performance of the employee.
An excellent example of this can be "works harder" and "works smarter". The appraiser selects a
statement without having knowledge of the favorable or the unfavorable one. This method works
in companies where the appraiser shows a tendency to under-evaluate or over-evaluate the
employees. Also, it is very costly to implement and does not serve the purpose of developing the
employees. It can also frustrate the appraiser as he does not know which is the right option.
-----------------------------
10.Forced Distribution Method
In this method, the appraiser rates employees according to a specific distribution. For example,
out of a set of 5 employees, 2 will get evaluated as high, 2 will get evaluated as average while 1
will be in the low category. This method has several benefits as it tries to eliminate the leniency
and central tendency of the appraiser. However, its biggest drawback is the fact that it
encourages discrimination among the employees. Another major problem with this method is
that it dictates that there will be forced distribution of grades even when all the employees are
doing a good job.
-----------------------------
Advantages and disadvantages of forced Ranking
Advantages:
• They force reluctant managers to make difficult decisions and identify the most and least
talented members of the work group.
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 16
17. • They create and sustain a high performance culture in which the workforce continuously
improves.
Disadvantages
• They increase unhealthy cut-throat competitiveness;
• They discourage collaboration and teamwork;
• They harm morale;
• They are legally suspect giving rise to age discrimination cases.
-----------------------------
11.Essay Evaluation Method
In the essay method of evaluation the appraiser writes an elaborate statement about the employee
who is being evaluated. He mentions the employee's strengths and weaknesses. He also suggests
ways to improve his performance and appreciates the good qualities. This essay can be prepared
by the appraiser alone or together with the employee. As the criteria for evaluation is not defined,
it helps the appraiser to focus on the areas that actually need improvement. This open-ended
method accords flexibility and eliminates rigidity which is observed in criteria-driven
evaluations. However, it is a highly time-consuming and subjective method, and may not
necessarily work for the benefit of the organization.
-----------------------------
Essay evaluation is a non-quantitative technique
This method is advantageous in at least one sense, i.e., the essay provides a good deal of
information about the employee and also reveals more about the evaluator. The essay evaluation
method however, suffers from the following limitations:
It is highly subjective; the supervisor may write a biased essay. The employees who are
sycophants will be evaluated more favorably then other employees.
Some evaluators may be poor in writing essays on employee performance. Others may be
superficial in explanation and use flowery language which may not reflect the actual
performance of the employee. It is very difficult to find effective writers nowadays.
The appraiser is required to find time to prepare the essay. A busy appraiser may write
the essay hurriedly without properly assessing the actual performance of the worker. On the
other hand, appraiser takes a long time, this becomes uneconomical from the view point of the
firm, because the time of the evaluator (supervisor) is costly.
12.Performance Test and Observation Method
This method deals with testing the knowledge or skills of the employees. It can be implemented
in the form of a written test or can be based on the actual presentation of skills. The test must be
conceived by the human resources department and conducted by a reliable evaluator who has in-
depth knowledge about the field of the test. There can be bias if the performance is evaluated on
the presentation of skills. However, a written test can be a reliable yardstick to measure the
knowledge. Tests will also enable the management to check the potential of employees.
However, if the human resources department decides to outsource the compilation of the test, it
may incur additional cost for the organization.
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 17
18. Fields/positions related to performance appraisal:
The above performance appraisal can be used for fields as:
construction, manufacturing, healthcare, non profit, advertising, agile, architecture, automotive,
agency, budget, building, business development, consulting, communication, clinical research,
design, software development, product development, interior design, web development,
engineering, education, events, electrical, exhibition, energy, ngo, finance, fashion, green card,
oil gas, hospital, it, marketing, media, mining, nhs, non technical, oil and gas, offshore,
pharmaceutical, real estate, retail, research, human resources, telecommunications, technology,
technical, senior, digital, software, web, clinical, hr, infrastructure, business, erp, creative, ict,
hvac, sales, quality management, uk, implementation, network, operations, architectural,
environmental, crm, website, interactive, security, supply chain, logistics, training, project
management, administrative management…
The above performance appraisal also can be used for job title levels:
entry level, junior, senior, assistant, associate, administrator, clerk, coordinator, consultant,
controller, director, engineer, executive, leader, manager, officer, specialist, supervisor, VP…
Job Performance Evaluation Form
Page 18