This document discusses various methods of separating substances, including hand picking, threshing, winnowing, sieving, sedimentation and decantation, filtration, and evaporation. Hand picking separates large impurities by manually removing them. Threshing beats stalks to free grains. Winnowing uses wind to separate lighter and heavier components. Sieving separates mixtures by particle size using a mesh. Sedimentation separates heavier components that settle, while decantation removes liquid from a solid or immiscible liquid layer. Filtration passes a liquid through a filter, leaving solids behind. Evaporation returns a dissolved substance by turning the liquid into a gas through heating.

1. SEPARATION
OF
SUBSTANCE
SBY: MISS RITIMA
APS RAKHMUTHI

2. WHY DO WE SEPARATE SUBSTANCES

3. METHODS OF SEPARATION
 HAND PICKING
THRESHING
WINNOWING
SIEVING
SEDIMENTATION AND DECANTATION
FILTRATION
EVAPORATION

4. HAND PICKING
IT IS USED FOR THE SEPARATION OF THE LARGE
IMPURITIES.
 THE COMPONENTS OF THE SOLID MIXTURE
CAN BE SEPARATED BY HAND PICKING.
EXAMPLE: SEPARATION OF PEBBLES FROM THE
DAL , SEPARATION OF GRASS FROM MINT
.....LEAVES.

5. THREASHING
 THE PROCESS IN WHICH STALKS ARE BEATEN
TO FREE THE GRAINS ISCALLED THREASHING.
 NOW A DAYS MACHINES ARE USED FOR
THREASHING.

6. WINNOWING
 IT IS THE PROCESS USED TO SEPARATE HEAVIER
AND LIGHTER COMPONENTS OF THE MIXTURE BY
WIND OR BLOWING AIR.
THIS METHOD IS USED BY THE FARMERS TO
SEPARATE LIGHTER HUSK PARTICLES FROM
HEAVIER SEEDS OF THE GRAINS.

7. SIEVING
 IT IS A PROCESS IN WHICH THE COMPONENTS
OF A MIXTURE WITH DIFFERENT SIZE ARE
SEPARATED WITH THE HELP OF THE SIEVE.
THE SMALLER PARTICLES ARE PASSED
THROUGH THE PORES OF THE SIEVE AND THE
LARGER PARTICLES ARE LEFT BEHIND.
THIS METHOD IS USED TO SEPARATE BRAN
FROM FLOUR.

8. SEDIMENTATION
SEDIMENTATION IS THE PROCESS OF
SEPARATION OF TWO COMPOENTS IN SUCH A
WAY THAT HEAVIER COMPONENTS SETTLES
DOWN.

9. DECANTATION
DECANTATION IS THE PROCESS OF SEPAION OF
LIQUID FROM SOLID OR OTHER IMMISCIBLE
LIQUIDS BY REMOVING LIQUID LAYER AT TOP
FROM LAYER OF SOLID OR LIQUID BELOW.
 EXAMPLE: SEPARAION
OF SAND AND WATER BY
DECANTATION.

10. FILTRATION
 IN THIS PROCESS THE SEPARATION OF SOLID
FROM LIQUID DONE BY FILTER PAPER.
EXAMPLE: SEPATION OF MUD FROM WATER
USING FILTER PAPER.

11. EVAPORATION
THIS PROCESS IS USED WHEN WE WANT TO GET
BACK THE SUBSTANCE THAT IS DISSOVED.
 IN THIS PROCESS THE LIQUID CHANGES INTO
GASEOUS FORM WHEN HEATED.
EXAMPLE: GETTING SALT FROM SEA WATER.