Simple ,Compound and Complex Sentences

1. Sentence StructureSentence Structure
Simple, compound and complex
sentences
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2. SSIMPLEIMPLE SSENTENCEENTENCE
A simple sentence is one which has only one subject and one
predicate.
or
a simple sentence is one which has only one subject and one finite
verb.
It expresses a single complete thought.
It does not have to be small and simple.
 examples-
(1)The road is long.
'the road’-subject
'is’-finite verb
(2)I live in San Francisco
(3)The road to Goa is very long and somewhat tiresome.
(4)Pollution is a serious problem.
(5)Air pollution is a serious problem.
(6)Air pollution from cars is a serious problem in the city.

3. A Compound sentenceA Compound sentence is one that has twois one that has two
or more independent clauses joinedor more independent clauses joined
together by a conjunction or coordinator,together by a conjunction or coordinator,
a transition and a semicolon. The chiefa transition and a semicolon. The chief
coordinator arecoordinator are and, or, not, for nor,and, or, not, for nor,
but, yet, sobut, yet, so..
e.g.-(1)The sun goes downe.g.-(1)The sun goes down andand the birds flythe birds fly
upward.upward.
(2)He was very rich(2)He was very rich butbut he was very unhappy.he was very unhappy.
(3)She has not written to her friend(3)She has not written to her friend oror calledcalled
her for quite some time.her for quite some time.

4. Conjunctive Adverbs “float”Conjunctive Adverbs “float”
Conjunctive adverbs are sometimes
called “floating” adverbs because
they can be positioned at the
beginning, in the middle, or at the end
of a clause.
Morever, however,etc
Eg-Bob is handsome; moreover ,he is rich

5. Compound sentence using semicolonCompound sentence using semicolon

Yet, while most compound sentences are formed
with a coordinating conjunctions, often good writers
decide to eliminate the conjunction and simply add
a semicolon.

(1)The ambitious student initiated the research; the
teacher was pleased by her efforts.
(2)The students were unhappy with their professor;
he often wasted their time in class.

6. Other varieties of compoundOther varieties of compound
sentences:sentences:
e.g.(1) Not only was the road long but tiring also.
(2)He wrote the lyrics for the song as well as
composed the tune for it
Other examples (either….or….),(neither….nor….)

7. HowHow to make compoundto make compound
sentencessentences
• To make a compound sentence you have to
create two or more independent clauses and
join them with and,but,or, or any other
coordinator pairs.
• E.g.-(1) Hesitatingly, he turned towards the door.(simple
sentence)
• He hesitated but turned towards the door.(compound
sentence)
• (2)Although it had rained, the weather was quite
hot.(complex sentence)
• It had rained but the weather was quite hot.
(compound sentence)

8. Complex sentenceComplex sentence is the one that has one main clause and one oris the one that has one main clause and one or
more subordinate or dependent clauses. The subordinate clause in themore subordinate or dependent clauses. The subordinate clause in the
complex sentence is dependent on the main clause for its meaning.complex sentence is dependent on the main clause for its meaning.
Both the subordinate clause and the main clause have their own subject &Both the subordinate clause and the main clause have their own subject &
predicatepredicate ..
e.g. main clause = sub+ verb/phrase + subordinate clausee.g. main clause = sub+ verb/phrase + subordinate clause
=subordinator+subject+verb/phrase=subordinator+subject+verb/phrase
e.g. The girl+ said+ that +they +were tirede.g. The girl+ said+ that +they +were tired
There are 3 types of subordinate clauses noun clause ,adverb clause andThere are 3 types of subordinate clauses noun clause ,adverb clause and
adjective clause.adjective clause.
• e.g. (1)The girls said that they were waiting for you.
(subordinate noun clause)
• (2)Here are the girls who were waiting for you.
(subordinate adjective clause)
• (3)They were late because they were waiting for you.
(subordinate adverb clause)

9. COMPLEX SENTENCE:COMPLEX SENTENCE:
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONSSUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
EVEN THOUGH
WHEN
BECAUSE
UNLESS
WHEREAS
ADVERB CLAUSES
Other conjunctions used- that, what, here , when,
if,before,since,after,who,whome,although,why, etc .

10. How to make complex sentenceHow to make complex sentence
To make a complex sentence you have to create one main
clause and one or more subordinate clauses and join them
with any of the subordinators.
E.g.(1)He started at the sound of the gunshot.
(simple sentence)
He started when he heard the sound of the
gunshot.(complex sentence)
(2)The mangoes were sweet but the grapes
were sour(compound sentence)
Although the mangoes were sweet, the
grapes were sour.(complex sentence)