ENGLISH FOR GRADE 9s

1. CONJUNCTIONS
• GRADE 9
• BY MISS NC MAVIMBELA

2. WHAT IS A CONJUNCTION?
 Is a joiner, a word that connects parts of a sentence.
 A word connecting words, clauses or sentences.
 Without conjunctions, you’d be forced to express every
complex idea in a series of short, simplistic sentences.
Example: I like cooking. I like eating. I don’t like
washing dishes outside.

3. 3 TYPES OF CONJUNCTIONS
 Coordinating conjunctions
 Subordinating conjunctions
 Correlative conjunctions

4. COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
 Join individual words, phrases, and independent clauses.
 When a coordinating conjunction connects two
independent clauses, it is often accompanied by a comma.
 There are 7 coordinating conjunctions, namely
FANBOYS:
For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So.

5. NOTE:
 “But” is used to connect things that are different or separated.
 Example- I want popcorn but not pizza.
 “Or” is used to offer a choice.
 Example- Do I want popcorn or pizza?
 “Nor” is used to offer a negative choice.
 Example- I do not want popcorn nor pizza.

6. Examples of coordinating conjunctions.
 I study hard, for I want to succeed.
 I went to the store to buy eggs and milk for the cake
recipe.
 I do not miss classes, nor do I arrive late.
 I played cards with my friend, but I kept losing.
 I must try harder, or I will not succeed.
 I study hard, yet I do not get the results I want.
 I must study hard, so I can get the results I want.

7. SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
 Are conjunctions that introduces a dependent clause and
indicates the nature of the relationship among the independent
clause and the dependent clause.
 There are more than 7 subordinating conjunctions. Namely :
when, while, although, since, as, because, before, if, whether,
until, once, how, than, that, though, unless, after, provided, in
order, as if, as long as, as though, even if, even though,
if only, rather than, whenever, where, whereas.

8. SOME EXAMPLES OF SUBORDINATING
CONJUNCTIONS
 She will call when she arrives.
 He succeeds because he works hard.
 I must work harder if I want to pass.
 I will stay a little longer since I arrived late.
 They went out while she babysat.

9. CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS
 A type of conjunction that functions in a pair with both words
working together to balance words, phrases or clauses.
 They always travel in pairs, joining various sentence elements
that should be treated as grammatically equal.
 Technically, correlative conjunctions consist simply of a
coordinating conjunction linked to an adjective or adverb

10. Examples in pairs:
 Both …and
 Either…or
 Neither…nor
 Can not…but also
 Not…but
 As…as
 Whether…or

11. EXAMPLES OF CORRELATIVE
CONJUNCTIONS.
 Both the teacher and the student will be receiving a
special award tomorrow.
 They will either work full time or study full time.
 I will neither work nor study during the summer time.
 They can not only speak Japanese fluently, but also read
and write it quite well.

12. REFERENCE LIST
Aldrich, J. (2010) Conjunctions. Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/joeldaldrich/conjunctions-
6071377 (Accessed 30 August 2018)
Burch, J. (2010) Conjunctions. Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/Jburch297/conjunctions?next_slid
eshow=1 (Accessed 30 August 2018)

13. Neitz, B. (2011) Conjunctions PowerPoint. Available from
slideshare at https://www.slideshare.net/bneitz/conjunctions-
powerpoint?next_slideshow=2 (Accessed 30 August 2018)
Prokopetz, R. (2012) English grammar: Parts of Speech
(conjunctions). Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/RitaProkopetz/parts-of-speech-
conjunctions-13424804 (Accessed 30 August 2018)
Ybanez, X. (2014) Conjunctions. Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net.dionybanez7/conjunctions-37481983
(Accessed 30 August 2018)