Types of Sentences

1. SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES
In order to express a complete thought, a sentence consists of a subject and a
predicate. The subject names whom or what the sentence is about while the predicate tells
something about the subject (The Albert Team, 2021). There are three kinds of subject and
predicate.
a. Simple Subject and Simple Predicate
A simple subject is the key noun or pronoun being talked about in the sentence and
the verb or verb phrase that expresses the action or the state of the subject is called simple
predicate. (i.e. The sun is shining).
Examples:
Sarah Geronimo sings.
The house was repaired.
Students must comply.
To easily identify the subject, take the verb and ask who? Or what?
Sarah Geronimo sings. Who sings?
The house was repaired. What was repaired?
Students must comply. Who must comply?
b. Complete Subject and Complete Predicate
Subjects and predicates are not necessarily composed of only one word (Glencoe
McGraw-Hill, 2000). A complete subject consists of the simple subject of the sentence
along with words that modify it while a complete predicate is composed of the simple
predicate along with the words that complete or modify it meaning.
Examples:
Philippine pop princess Sarah Geronimo sings well on stage.
The antique Victorian house was repaired with new furnishings.
Incoming English students must comply to the dress code of the university.
Legend:
Blue- subject
Red- predicate

2. c. Compound Subject and Compound Predicate
There are instances that a sentence may contain more than one subject. A compound
subject consists of two or more simple subjects joined by a conjunction that have the
same verb.
Examples:
Sarah Geronimo and Regine Velasquez performed in the concert #UNIFIED.
Both the Canford Manor and the Highclere Castle are built in the Victorian Era. A plain
white shirt or the school uniform is the prescribed dress code.
A compound predicate on the other hand is made up of two or more verbs or verb
phrases that are joined by a conjunction and have the same subject.
Examples:
Sarah Geronimo can dance and sing.
Victorian houses are not only aesthetic but also seem to tell a story.
Students who arrive late or not in proper dress code will clean the lavatories.
Legend:
Blue- subject
Red- predicate
TYPES OF SENTENCES ACCORDING TO STRUCTURE
A clause is a group of words that has a subject and a predicate and functions as part of a
sentence or as a whole sentence (Glencoe McGraw-Hill, 2000). Clauses fall into two
categories namely, main clause, which is composed of a subject and a predicate that
expresses a complete thought, and subordinate clause, which also has a subject and a
predicate but does not express a complete thought (Essberger, 2006) rather, it modifies the
meaning of the sentence.

3. Example:
I enjoy a hot bath after I worked a full day.
S V S V
Sentences may contain only one main clause, one main clause and one or more
subordinate clause, or one or more of the other (Good English Self Taught, 1989). Below are
the classifications of a sentence depending on their structure.
a. Simple Sentence
Contains only one main clause and no subordinate clauses. It is important to note
that one main clause does not equate to one simple subject. A simple sentence may
contain any type of subject and predicate, and the predicates may be modified with an
adjective, adverb, prepositional phrase, appositives and a verbal phrase.
Examples:
Mary likes tea. (simple sentence with simple S and simple P)
Mary and her friends enjoy tea and talking. (simple sentence with compound S
and compound P)
Musicians in popular bands give performances frequently. (simple sentence
including a prepositional phrase, a direct object and an adverb)
b. Compound Sentence
Contains two or more main clauses that are joined by a comma and a coordinating
conjunction (FANBOYS), a semicolon and a conjunctive adverb.
Examples:
I like coffee, and Mary likes tea.
Coffee boosts my energy; milk helps me sleep.
Legend:
Green- mainclause
Violet- Subordinateclause

4. Mary and Josh are opposites; however, they make their relationship work.
c. Complex Sentence
A complex sentence has one main clause and one or more subordinate clauses.
subordinate clauses are introduced in a sentence by a subordinating conjunction or a
relative pronoun (Glencoe McGraw-Hill, 2000).
Examples:
I enjoy comedy more than I enjoy drama.
After the movie, the fans in the theatre were quiet because of the unexpected ending.
This is me Natoy, who loves you very much.
d. Compound-Complex Sentence
A compound-complex sentence consists of two or more main clauses, and at least
one subordinate clause.
Examples:
My grand-aunt does not like drama movies because it makes her sleepy, so she
watches action movies.
Natoy, who loves Irene very much, promises her to stay, but Irene was too broken to
love again.
Legend:
Green- mainclause
Violet- Subordinateclause

5. Below is a chart of the types of sentences according to structure and their number of Main
clauses and subordinate clauses
Type MC SC Connectors
Simple One None Coordinating conjunctions (but
only for compound S and P).
Compound Two or more None Coordinating conjunction
Conjunctive adverb
Comma
Semicolon
Complex One One or more Subordinating conjunction
Relative pronoun
Compound
Complex
Two or more One or more Coordinating conjunction
Conjunctive adverb
Subordinating conjunction
Relative pronoun
IV. EXERCISES
A. Encircle the simple subject and underline the complete predicate in the
sentences below:
1. The world-renowned Hugh Jackman dances very well.
2. Jane, the mother of Lilly, baked cookies for the guest.
3. The very naughty child behaved when he saw the candy prize.
4. An oil spill from a cruise ship killed most of the life in the reef.
5. I bought an expensive bag.
Answers:
1. The world-renowned Hugh Jackman dances very well.
2. Jane, the mother of Lilly, baked cookies for the guest.
3. The very naughty child behaved when he saw the candy prize.
4. An oil spill from a cruise ship killed most of the life in the reef.
5. I bought an expensive bag.

6. B. Write CS if the sentence has a compound subject, CP if the sentence has a
compound predicate.
1. The bird shook its little wings and flew away. CP
2. Jack and Jill went up the hill. CS
3. I went to the party, talked to some friends and went home. CP
4. Either Billy or Tommy took the cookie. CS
5. He tried his best yet he failed. CP
Answers:
1. CP
2. CS
3. CP
4. CS
5. CP
C. Identify if the sentence is simple or compound. If the sentence is simple,
write S. If the sentence is compound, write C and encircle the conjunction
used in the sentence.
___C__1. I love drinking coffee but my boyfriend loves drinking juice.
___S__2. My favorite dress is in the color yellow.
___C__3. The car parked outside our house is my father's and the bike beside the
car is mine.
___C__4. I hurt my ankle so I have to go to the hospital.
___S
__5. No one knows.
Answers:
_C_1. I love drinking coffee but my boyfriend loves drinking juice.
_S_2. My favorite dress is in the color yellow.
_C_3. The car parked outside our house is my father's and the bike beside
the car is mine.
_C_4. I hurt my ankle so I have to go to the hospital.
_S_3. No one knows.

7. D. Identify if the sentences below are complex or compound-complex and
underline the subordinate clause/s.
_____CX________1. When I was in high school, I was crowned Prom Queen every year.
______COCX_______2. If only Star-Lord held his temper, the Avengers would have defeated
Thanos at Morag, and the Blip would not have happened.
______CX_______3. Because of her passion for teaching, she was able to inspire students.
________CX_____4. The reporting will start today after the class meeting
_____COCX________5. Kate and Kyra finished the horror film; Billy went out of the cinema
because he got scared.
Answers:
Complex 1. When I was in high school, I was crowned Prom Queen every year.
Compound-complex 2. If only Star-Lord held his temper, the Avengers would have defeated
Thanos at Morag, and the Blip would not have happened.
Complex 3. She was able to inspire students because of her passion for
teaching.
Complex 4. The reporting will start today after the class meeting
Compound-complex 5. Kate and Kyra finished the horror film; Billy went out of the cinema
because he got scared.
E. What type of sentences according to function are used in the statements
below? write your answer in the space provided.
1. Can you help me?
2. Do your homework.
3. We hope to see you tomorrow
4. You look so beautiful!
5. She is studying English.
6. I can play violin.
7. Move out of the way!
8. What are you doing?
9. Do you want coffee, tea or juice?

8. 10. Run! He's coming here!
Answers:
1. Interrogative
2. Imperative
3. Declarative
4. Exclamatory
5. Declarative
6. Declarative
7. Imperative
8. Interrogative
9. Interrogative
10. Exclamatory
F. Make two of each kind of sentence according to function and structure.
According to Function According to Structure
Simple
1. Ben is eating apple.
2. This tea is black.
Declarative
1.
2.
Compound
1. He completed the task early and
he got a high score.
2. The exam is difficult but I need to
finish it.
Interrogative
1.
2.
Complex
1. When he received an email, he
was surprised.
2. They rested when the quiz is
done.
3. John is happy because He won
1st place.
4. I took my ball because we were
going to play.
Imperative
1.
2.
Compound- complex
1. Paul and George already got
their 1st dose of vaccines; Joe went
home because he was afraid of
needles.
2. Vince likes the rock genre
because it makes him motivated, so
he downloaded it.
Exclamatory
1.
2.
Independent clause a.k.a. Principal clause.

9. V. SUMMARY a. Subjects and Predicates
• Sentences are composed of a subject and a predicate. The simple subject is
the topic of the sentence, and the simple predicate tells something about the
subject.
• A completesubject is composedof the simple subject and the words that modify
it.
• A complete predicate is composed of the simple predicate along with the words
that complete or modify it meaning.
• If the subject is composed of two or more items, then it is called a compound
subject; the same goes through with the compound predicate.
• Compound subjects and compound predicates are joined by coordinating
conjunctions (FANBOYS).
b. Types According to Structure
• A simple sentence contains only one main clause and no subordinate clauses
• A compound sentence is composed of two main clauses joined together either
by a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS), a semicolon, or a conjunctive
adverb.
• A complex sentence has one main clause and two or more subordinating cluse
connected with a subordinating conjunction or a relative pronoun.
• Lastly, a compound-complex sentence has two or more main clause and one
or more subordinating clause.
c. Types According to Function
• Declarative sentences are used to make a statement, ends with a period.
• Imperative sentences are used to give commands and make requests. They
also usually end with a period.
• Interrogative Sentences are for asking questions. They end with a question
mark.
• Exclamatory sentences express strong emotions such as fear, joy and anger.
They end with exclamation points.

10. • The first three types can be in exclamatory form if the manner of saying is with
strong emotion.
• Do not overuse exclamation points when writing as it may lose its impact.
VI. REFERENCES
Bergman and Senn. (1986). Heath Grammar and Composition. D.C. Heath and Company.
Essberger, J. (2006). The 4 Types of Sentence Structure. Retrieved from English Club:
https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/sentence/sentencestructure.htm?fbclid=IwAR
0azfhH0XfB58jTDo23m49yocKE-
7HGWF33ZwNmo0M8ojQTwoE-c2egBDk
Glencoe McGraw-Hill. (2000). Grammar and Composition Handbook High School 2. New
York: Glencoe McGraw-Hill.
Good English Self Taught. (1989). In W. L. Schaaf, & L. Copeland, High School Subjects Self
Taught Vol. 2 (pp. 348-398). Chicago: J.G. Ferguson Publishing Company.
The Albert Team. (2021, February). Predicates: Definition, Examples, & Exercises.
Retrieved from Albert.io:
https://www.albert.io/blog/predicates/?fbclid=IwAR34wzIv_IIj3YUm2moEuoVi163UkO
PxYtc-f7OrTXErSmkTYyz-hJjbUXA#top
Trach, E. (2020, March). Types of Sentences. Retrieved from Your Dictionary:
https://grammar.yourdictionary.com/grammar/sentences/types-
ofsentences.html?fbclid=IwAR1LXgppP3E37sVpj1MAZd81oUlWwGgUwJyapc762qp
Lc ycEGhKLofkhZPA