Semiotics is the philosophical study of signs and symbols in social life. Two influential theorists in the early 1900s were Ferdinand de Saussure and Charles Sanders Peirce. Saussure described a sign as having two parts: the signifier, which is the form that the sign takes, and the signified, which is the concept it represents. Peirce identified three relationships between signs: symbols, where the signifier is arbitrarily associated with the signified; icons, where the signifier resembles the signified; and indexes, where the signifier is directly linked to the signified. Semiotics can be useful for magazine design by leveraging the cultural meanings, or connotations, associated with different colors.