Semantic UI is a front-end framework started in 2013 that helps create beautiful and responsive layouts using human-friendly HTML. It treats words and classes as exchangeable concepts, using syntax from natural languages for intuitive class names. Semantic UI includes tools for simplified debugging, intuitive JavaScript behaviors, and customizable themes through an installation process involving Node.js, Gulp, and included files. It has a folder structure for component types and supports custom themes, sitewide defaults, component defaults, and overrides.