Selenium RC, Selenium WebDriver and HP LoadRunner

Quality Assurance /
Software Testing Training

Classification: Restricted
Agenda
• Introduction to Selenium RC
• Installing Selenium RC
• Installing Eclipse
• Configuring Selenium RC
• Selenium RC Scripting

• A solution to cross browser testing.
• A server, written in Java and so available on all the platforms.
• Acts as a proxy for web requests from them.
• Client libraries for many popular languages.
• It allows us to write automated web application UI tests with the help of
full power of programming languages such as Java, C#, Perl, Python and
PHP to create more complex tests such as reading and writing files,
querying a database, and emailing test results
Selenium RC

Installing Selenium RC
• Installing Latest Java
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html
• Download and Configure Eclipse http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/
• Installation Selenium RC http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/
• Selenium RC is simply a jar file and to run it we need java installed.
• Once the Java is installed just unzip the selenium-remote-control-2.44.0.
zip which was downloaded from the selenium site to a directory.

Installing Eclipse
• The download would be in a Zipped format. Unzip the contents.
• Locate Eclipse.exe and double click on the file.

• To configure the workspace, select the location where the development
has to take place.
• The Eclipse window opens as shown below.

• After downloading, we need to start the Selenium Server.
• Open command prompt and navigate to the folder where the
downloaded JAR file is kept as shown below.
Configuring Selenium RC

• To start the server, use the command 'java -jar selenium-server-standalone-
2.41.0.jar
• Note : if java JDK is installed properly, you would get a success message as
shown below.

Selenium RC Scripting
• Start Selenium Remote Control (with the help of command prompt).
• After launching Selenium RC, open Eclipse and create a "New Project" as
shown below.

• Enter the
project name
and click 'Next'
button.

• Verify the Source,
Projects, Libraries,
and Output folder
and click 'Finish'

• Right click on 'project' container and choose 'Configure Build Path'.

• Properties for
‘RCDEMO'
opens up.
Navigate to
'Libraries' tab
and select 'Add
External JARs‘
• Choose the
Selenium RC
jar file that we
have
downloaded
and it would
appear as
shown below.

• The referenced Libraries are shown as displayed below.

• Create a new class file by performing a right click on 'src' folder and select
'New' >> 'class'.

• Enter a
name of the
class file
and enable
'public
static void
main' as
shown
below.

• The Created Class is created under the folder structure as shown below

WebDriver is a tool for automating testing web applications. It is popularly
known as Selenium 2.0.
WebDriver interacts directly with the browser without any intermediary,
unlike Selenium RC that depends on a server. It is used in the following
context:
• Multi-browser testing including improved functionality for browsers
which is not well-supported by Selenium RC (Selenium 1.0).
• Handling multiple frames, multiple browser windows, popups, and alerts.
• Complex page navigation.
• Advanced user navigation such as drag-and-drop.
• AJAX-based UI elements.
Selenium WebDriver

Configuring Selenium - Webdriver
• Navigate to the selenium downloads section
http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/
• Download Selenium WebDriver by clicking on its version number as shown
below.

• The downloaded file is in Zipped format and one has to unzip the contents
to map it to the project folder.
• The Unzipped contents would be displayed as shown below.

Scripting using WebDriver
Step 1: Launch "Eclipse" from the Extracted Eclipse folder.
Step 2: Now create a 'New Project' from 'File' menu.

Step 3 :Enter the Project Name and
Click 'Next'.

Step 4 : Go to Libraries Tab
and select all the JAR's that
we have downloaded. Add
reference to all the JAR's of
Selenium WebDriver Library
folder and also selenium-
java-2.44.0.jar and selenium-
java-2.44.0-srcs.jar.

Step 5 : Now right-click
on the package and
select 'New' >> 'Class' to
create a 'class'.
Step 6 : Now name the
class and make it the
main function

• The class outline is shown as below.

Load Runner
• LoadRunner is a Performance Testing tool which was pioneered by Mercury in
1999. Loadrunner was later acquired by HP in 2009.
• LoadRunner supports various development tools, technologies and
communication protocols. In fact this is the only tool in market
which supports such large number of protocols to conduct performance
testing.

Why do you need Performance Testing?
An estimated loss of 4.4 billion in revenue is recorded annually due to poor
web performance.
In today's age of Web 2.0, users click away if a website doesn't respond within
8 seconds. Imagine yourself waiting for 5 seconds when searching over
Google or making a friend request on Facebook.
•Increased number of records present in the database
•Increased number of simultaneous requests made to the system
•larger number of users accessing the system at a time as compared to the
past

Components of Load Runner
Major components of LoadRunner
• Vugen
• Controller
• Load Generator
• Analysis

• Suppose you are assigned to check performance of Amazon.com for 5000 users
• In a real life situation, these all these 5000 users will not be at homepage but in
different section of the websites. How can we simulate different
Example for understanding the Architecture

VUGen:
VUGen or Virtual User Generator is an IDE (Integrated Development Environment)
or a rich coding editor. VUGen is used to replicate System Under Load (SUL)
behaviour. VUGen provides a "recording" feature which records communication to
and from client and Server in form of a coded script - also called VUser script.
So considering the above example, VUGen can record to simulate following
business processes:
• Surfing the Products Page of Amazon.com
• Checkout
• Payment Processing
• Checking MyAccount Page

Controller:
Once a VUser script is finalized, Controller is the main component which controls
the Load simulation by managing, for example:
How many VUsers to simulate against each business process or VUser Group
Behaviour of VUsers (ramp up, ramp down, simultaneous or concurrent nature etc.)
Nature of Load scenario e.g. Real Life or Goal Oriented or verifying SLA
Which injectors to use, how many VUsers against each injector
• Collate results periodically
• IP Spoofing
• Error reporting
• Transaction reporting etc.

• Taking analogy from our example controller will add following parameter to
the VUGen Script
• 1) 3500 Users are Surfing the Products Page of Amazon.com
• 2) 750 Users are in Checkout
• 3) 500 Users are performing Payment Processing
• 4) 250 Users are Checking MyAccount Page ONLY after 500 users have done
Payment Processing

• Agents Machine/Load Generators/Injectors
• LoadRunner Controller is responsible to simulate thousands of VUsers - these
VUsers consume hardware resources for example processor and memory -
hence putting a limit on the machine which is simulating them. Besides,
Controller simulates these VUsers from the same machine (where Controller
resides) & hence the results may not be precise. To address this concern, all
VUsers are spread across various machines, called Load Generators or Load
Injectors.
Agents

• As a general practice, Controller resides on a different machine and load is
simulated from other machines. Depending upon the protocol of VUser
scripts and machine specifications, a number of Load Injectors may be
required for full simulation. For example, VUsers for an HTTP script will
require 2-4MB per VUser for simulation, hence 4 machines with 4 GB RAM
each will be required to simulate a load of 10,000 VUsers.

Analysis
Once Load scenarios have been executed, the role of "Analysis"
component comes in.
During the execution, Controller creates a dump of results in raw form &
contains information like, which version of LoadRunner created this results
dump and what were configurations.
All the errors and exceptions are logged in a Microsoft access database,
named, output.mdb. The "Analysis" component reads this database file to
perform various types of analysis and generates graphs.
These graphs show various trends to understand the reasoning behind
errors and failure under load; thus help figuring whether optimization is
required in SUL, Server (e.g. JBoss, Oracle) or infrastructure.

Below is an example where bandwidth could be creating bottleneck. Let's say
Web server has 1GBps capacity whereas the data traffic exceeds this capacity
causing subsequent users to suffer. To determine system caters to such needs,
Performance Engineer needs to analyse application behaviour with abnormal
load. Below is a graph LoadRunner generates to elicit bandwidth.
Example:

Below Steps for Installation:
1. Type in Google HP Runner free download
2. Click on the HP link on top
3. Register with you details and ID
4. Select download ‘HP LoadRunner Community Edition’
5. After download try to setup.exe install
6. Setup the destination folder
7. If .Net is not available install it
8. Accept the License terms and conditions
9. Select ‘Typical mode’ to complete the installation
Installation:

Below
1.Start > all programs > HP LoadRunner > VUGen option
2. File > New Script and Solution
3. Enter Script name , location, solution name
4. Click on record button
5. Set ‘Action’ to record in, start recording window
6. Enter the local host as the Application URL
7. Perform the action
8. Stop and save the file
Recording:

Thank You

Selenium RC, Selenium WebDriver and HP LoadRunner

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