This document outlines a plan to achieve full employment in the UK by 2020-21. It defines full employment as reaching an employment rate of 78% for those aged 16-64, with most of the growth coming from increased participation rather than lower unemployment. It argues that a new policy agenda is needed focused on reducing employment exits and increasing entry for "low activity" groups like the disabled, low-qualified, mothers, and ethnic minorities. The document proposes policies like employment support services for all workless people and targeting apprenticeships at those transitioning to work. Achieving full employment is positioned as key to inclusive prosperity.
Presentation given by Graeme Harrison, Associate Director of Oxford Economics to the NICVA Centre for Economic Empowerment (CEE) conference on Working Poverty, 28 May 2014.
Population Growth and the Challenges of Human Capital Development by Dr. Ejik...NigeriaFamilyPlannin
This document discusses Nigeria's population growth challenges and opportunities for human capital development. It notes that Nigeria's population has grown significantly from 45.2 million in 1960 to over 221 million currently, while the fertility rate remains high at 5.5. This rapid growth has created a youth bulge, high unemployment, and a largely dependent population. However, with strategic policy changes like reducing fertility rates, investing heavily in education, healthcare, and creating jobs, Nigeria can transition from a demographic crisis to gaining a demographic dividend with a more prosperous population over the next generation.
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Finance Tharman Shanmugaratnam spoke about Singapore's social polices (past, present and future) at The Economic Society of Singapore SG50 Distinguished Lecture on 14 August 2015.
This document contains his speech covering issues on income growth, income distribution and mobility trends in Singapore.
About MOFSpore:
Ministry of Finance (Singapore) is a ministry of the Government of Singapore responsible for managing Singapore’s fiscal policies and the structure of its economy.
MOF’s mission is to create a better Singapore through Finance. Our vision is a forward-looking MOF that advances leading ideas, drives synergies across Government and ensures fiscal prudence.
Connect with MOF Online:
Visit the MOF’s WEBSITE: http://www.mof.gov.sg/
Like MOF on FACEBOOK: http://on.fb.me/1Db87LB
Follow MOF on TWITTER: http://bit.ly/1HY0rlk
Follow MOF on Google+: http://bit.ly/1KsUAYe
Find MOF on LinkedIn: http://bit.ly/1Qa8IV9
This document discusses poverty reduction, employment, and wages in rural Pakistan. It notes that rural real wages declined in Pakistan from the 1980s despite outward migration, indicating a lack of minimum wage protection for rural workers. Agricultural labor lacks benefits like social security and pensions afforded to other sectors. The document recommends establishing minimum wages and workers' protections for the agricultural sector. It also analyzes trends in the formal and informal non-farm rural job sectors, and concludes that promoting labor-intensive agriculture and industrialization can lead to broad-based employment growth, income distribution, and poverty reduction.
Jerome de Henau: Costing a Feminist Plan for a Caring EconomyAnna Elomäki
This document proposes a plan for universal free childcare in the UK to address lack of affordable, high-quality childcare and barriers to women's employment. It estimates the costs of providing childcare for all children aged 6 months to primary school by qualified staff paid comparable to teachers or living wages. While the total annual public investment would be £55 billion or £33 billion respectively, employment effects could create 1.7 million jobs and increased tax revenue would fund 88-96% of costs. Universal childcare would boost gender equality, economic growth, and is argued to be more beneficial than austerity policies.
This document discusses inequality in Scotland. It begins by outlining changing views of inequality, from the neo-liberal view that inequality naturally occurs and benefits economic growth, to more recent evidence that excessive inequality can stifle growth and mobility. The document then analyzes drivers of inequality like globalization and policy changes. It provides data on rising earnings inequality in Scotland since the 1980s and compares Scotland's levels of inequality internationally. The document concludes that while fiscal policy can help reduce inequality, achieving more equal levels like Nordic countries would require changes to pre-tax market incomes as well.
This document summarizes a collaboration between the OECD's Better Life Initiative and the Clio Infra project to present estimates of various dimensions of well-being globally since 1820, including economic measures like GDP per capita as well as social indicators like life expectancy, education levels, gender inequality, and environmental quality. It describes the statistical data collected by the Clio Infra project from over 25 major countries and 100 smaller countries on these topics. Preliminary results show that most indicators strongly correlate with GDP per capita, though some like inequality, security, and environmental quality show weaker or negative correlations. The data is meant to broaden analyses of socio-economic development beyond just GDP.
Presentation given by Graeme Harrison, Associate Director of Oxford Economics to the NICVA Centre for Economic Empowerment (CEE) conference on Working Poverty, 28 May 2014.
Population Growth and the Challenges of Human Capital Development by Dr. Ejik...NigeriaFamilyPlannin
This document discusses Nigeria's population growth challenges and opportunities for human capital development. It notes that Nigeria's population has grown significantly from 45.2 million in 1960 to over 221 million currently, while the fertility rate remains high at 5.5. This rapid growth has created a youth bulge, high unemployment, and a largely dependent population. However, with strategic policy changes like reducing fertility rates, investing heavily in education, healthcare, and creating jobs, Nigeria can transition from a demographic crisis to gaining a demographic dividend with a more prosperous population over the next generation.
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Finance Tharman Shanmugaratnam spoke about Singapore's social polices (past, present and future) at The Economic Society of Singapore SG50 Distinguished Lecture on 14 August 2015.
This document contains his speech covering issues on income growth, income distribution and mobility trends in Singapore.
About MOFSpore:
Ministry of Finance (Singapore) is a ministry of the Government of Singapore responsible for managing Singapore’s fiscal policies and the structure of its economy.
MOF’s mission is to create a better Singapore through Finance. Our vision is a forward-looking MOF that advances leading ideas, drives synergies across Government and ensures fiscal prudence.
Connect with MOF Online:
Visit the MOF’s WEBSITE: http://www.mof.gov.sg/
Like MOF on FACEBOOK: http://on.fb.me/1Db87LB
Follow MOF on TWITTER: http://bit.ly/1HY0rlk
Follow MOF on Google+: http://bit.ly/1KsUAYe
Find MOF on LinkedIn: http://bit.ly/1Qa8IV9
This document discusses poverty reduction, employment, and wages in rural Pakistan. It notes that rural real wages declined in Pakistan from the 1980s despite outward migration, indicating a lack of minimum wage protection for rural workers. Agricultural labor lacks benefits like social security and pensions afforded to other sectors. The document recommends establishing minimum wages and workers' protections for the agricultural sector. It also analyzes trends in the formal and informal non-farm rural job sectors, and concludes that promoting labor-intensive agriculture and industrialization can lead to broad-based employment growth, income distribution, and poverty reduction.
Jerome de Henau: Costing a Feminist Plan for a Caring EconomyAnna Elomäki
This document proposes a plan for universal free childcare in the UK to address lack of affordable, high-quality childcare and barriers to women's employment. It estimates the costs of providing childcare for all children aged 6 months to primary school by qualified staff paid comparable to teachers or living wages. While the total annual public investment would be £55 billion or £33 billion respectively, employment effects could create 1.7 million jobs and increased tax revenue would fund 88-96% of costs. Universal childcare would boost gender equality, economic growth, and is argued to be more beneficial than austerity policies.
This document discusses inequality in Scotland. It begins by outlining changing views of inequality, from the neo-liberal view that inequality naturally occurs and benefits economic growth, to more recent evidence that excessive inequality can stifle growth and mobility. The document then analyzes drivers of inequality like globalization and policy changes. It provides data on rising earnings inequality in Scotland since the 1980s and compares Scotland's levels of inequality internationally. The document concludes that while fiscal policy can help reduce inequality, achieving more equal levels like Nordic countries would require changes to pre-tax market incomes as well.
This document summarizes a collaboration between the OECD's Better Life Initiative and the Clio Infra project to present estimates of various dimensions of well-being globally since 1820, including economic measures like GDP per capita as well as social indicators like life expectancy, education levels, gender inequality, and environmental quality. It describes the statistical data collected by the Clio Infra project from over 25 major countries and 100 smaller countries on these topics. Preliminary results show that most indicators strongly correlate with GDP per capita, though some like inequality, security, and environmental quality show weaker or negative correlations. The data is meant to broaden analyses of socio-economic development beyond just GDP.
The How’s Life? report (http://oe.cd/how-is-life) charts the promises and pitfalls for people’s well-being in 35 OECD countries and 6 partner countries. It presents the latest evidence from 50 indicators, covering both current well-being outcomes and resources for future well-being, and including changes since 2005. During this period there have been signs of progress, but gains in some aspects of life have been offset by losses elsewhere. This fourth edition highlights the many faces of inequality, showing that gaps in people’s achievements and opportunities extend right across the different dimensions of well-being. It exposes divisions according to age, gender, and education, and reveals pockets of inequality in all OECD countries. It also brings to light the many well-being disadvantages that migrants face in adapting to life abroad. Additionally, the report examines governance as seen from the citizen’s perspective, revealing gaps between public institutions and the people they serve. Finally, it provides a country-by-country perspective, pinpointing strengths, challenges and changes in well-being over time in 41 country profiles.
How’s Life? is part of the OECD Better Life Initiative, which features a range of studies and analysis about people’s well-being and how to measure it, and includes the interactive Better Life Index website.
A basic income experiment was conducted in Finland in 2017–2018 to find ways to reshape the social security system. Evaluation study of the basic income experiment is underway.
Presentation by OECD Chief Economist, Laurence Boone, on Inclusive Growth at the farewell conference in honor of Governor Karnit Flug, The Van Leer Institute in Jerusalem, 4 November 2018
Olli Kangas: Can Universal Basic Income solve future Income Security Challenges? Some tentative answers from the Finnish Basic Income (BI) experiment. Presentation at 5th Conference of the Regulating for Decent Work Network, Geneva, 4.7.2017.
1) Several countries are showing increased policy attention towards basic income, including Switzerland holding a referendum, Finland planning an experiment, and experiments being considered in the Netherlands and Canada.
2) The document analyzes the conditions under which a "policy window" may open up for basic income using Kingdon's multiple streams framework of problem, policy, and political streams aligning.
3) Preliminary results are shown from a study measuring political party support for basic income in Finland over time, finding variation in levels and changes in support across parties.
This presentation was made by Eileen Regan and Matthew Wilson , at the 3rd Experts Meeting on Gender Budgeting held at the OECD Conference Centre, Paris, on 19-20 September 2019
Savremeni trendovi i kvalitet u upravljanju ljudskim resursimaDejan Jeremic
The document discusses promoting entrepreneurship and self-employment as an opportunity for unemployed youth. It notes high youth unemployment in Europe and describes Slovenia's economic challenges and declining demographics. Self-employment programs can help unemployed youth start businesses, though over 23,000 participated in Slovenia's 2007-2013 self-employment subsidy with uncertain effectiveness due to a lack of program evaluation culture. Promoting entrepreneurship through supportive environments and active labor market policies is important to create jobs and exit unemployment.
Basic Income Ireland introductory presentationJohn Baker
Basic Income is an idea whose time has come. This presentation offers a general introduction to basic income with specific reference to Ireland. More information is available on our website basicincomeireland.com. Please contact us through our site if you would like us to come and talk about basic income.
Increasing Employment for Ethnic MinoritiesThink Ethnic
The document is a report by the Comptroller and Auditor General that examines the Department for Work and Pensions' efforts to increase employment rates for ethnic minorities in the UK. Some key points:
1) There is currently a 14.2 percentage point gap between the employment rates of the UK's ethnic minority population and the general population, costing the economy £8.6 billion annually. While the gap has narrowed slightly over time, fully closing it could take 30 years with current efforts.
2) The Department for Work and Pensions aims to reduce the gap through Jobcentre Plus offices and programs like New Deal, but past pilot programs targeted at ethnic minorities have had mixed results. More recently, the strategy
The document presents a framework for inclusive growth that links policies to outcomes related to living standards. It discusses channels of transmission from income generation to distribution and living standards. The framework aims to identify policy trade-offs and synergies across dimensions like growth, health, and inequality. Empirical analysis examines how productivity-enhancing and labor market policies impact inequality and employment. The framework and analysis have implications for Latin American and Caribbean countries, highlighting opportunities to promote inclusive growth through improving education quality and equity, reducing barriers to competition, increasing female labor participation, and calibrating minimum wage and labor policies.
Experimenting with basic income in finlandDylan Matthews
The document summarizes Finland's plans to experiment with a basic income program. It discusses:
1) Prime Minister Juha Sipilä has mandated social experiments, including a basic income experiment, to reform social policy and reduce work disincentives and bureaucracy.
2) A research consortium led by Kela will design the experiment, which will run from 2017-2019 and be funded by €20 billion from the government.
3) The experiment will explore models of a full basic income, partial basic income, and negative income tax to determine costs and impacts on benefits and which options are possible.
Digitalisation of finance activities: Challenges and opportunities - Thomas ...OECD Governance
This presentation was made by Thomas Larouche, Canada, at the 40th Annual Meeting of OECD Senior Budget Officials (SBO) held in Tallinn, Estonia, on 5-6 June 2019
This document discusses universal basic income (UBI) and its potential impacts on farmers' welfare in India. It provides background on India's economy and agriculture sector, noting issues like declining farm incomes, high poverty rates, and many small and marginal landholdings. It then outlines arguments that UBI could help address issues of poverty, risk, and financial inclusion for farmers while being more efficient than existing welfare programs that have exclusion errors and leakages. However, it also notes potential disadvantages like increased temptation spending and reduced work incentives. Overall, it argues for adopting UBI in a gradual, phased manner that targets it based on asset ownership.
- The document discusses basic income as a policy, mirror of existing welfare systems, and metaphor for rethinking social and economic structures.
- Research examines what drives political support for basic income across countries, finding it influenced by ideological, socio-economic, and institutional factors that vary in different contexts.
- Case studies of the UK and Finland show support is sometimes more abstract than concrete and existing welfare states shape basic income politics, with individual support also linked to preferences for targeting and conditionality relative to national systems.
How’s Life? 2015 describes the essential ingredients that shape people’s well-being in OECD and other major economies. It includes a wide variety of statistics, capturing both material well-being and quality of life. This third edition includes a special focus on child well-being, on volunteering and on inequalities in well-being across different regions within countries.
Fife Centre for Equalities position on Social Mobility and the Time for Change consultation. This is in parallel with on-going work on the inclusion of the socio-economic duty in the Equality Act 2010.
This document analyzes Bulgaria's pension system using a pension modeling tool (PROST). Key findings include:
1) Dependency rates are projected to increase, putting additional fiscal pressure on the system.
2) Coverage rates among the elderly are projected to decrease, requiring non-contributory pensions and more fiscal pressure.
3) Increasing contribution rates or equalizing retirement ages between men and women could improve the fiscal outlook, but larger reforms may be needed to address challenges from low coverage rates.
This document is the National Women's Council of Ireland's pre-budget submission for Budget 2016. It summarizes key facts about the economic situation of women in Ireland, such as the widening gender pay gap and high rates of poverty among female lone parents and their children. It calls on the government to prioritize gender equality and reversing austerity measures in Budget 2016 in order to improve women's lives and economic security. Specifically, it recommends increased funding for childcare, measures to address violence against women, policies to promote decent work and fair pay, and supports for marginalized groups like Traveller and refugee women. The submission argues Budget 2016 must make gender equality and women's needs an explicit goal of public policy.
Capgemini & Oracles’ World Jobseeking Report 2013: Country ResearchCapgemini
About asset: Capgemini and Oracle’s World Jobseeking Report 2013 gives a global perspective on unemployment and employability. What strategies are getting the best results? This document displays the findings of the survey including country profiles, country cases study, Capgemini case studies and additional asserts.
This document provides an introduction and overview of the "Intro to Design" module. It outlines the module objectives, which are to learn design principles and processes through lectures, tutorials, and self-directed study. Students will apply skills and principles to 2D and 3D design projects. The document details the module structure, learning outcomes, assessment components, attendance policy, and academic integrity guidelines. Key points covered include design investigations, applying design elements and principles, and developing visual and verbal communication skills.
The How’s Life? report (http://oe.cd/how-is-life) charts the promises and pitfalls for people’s well-being in 35 OECD countries and 6 partner countries. It presents the latest evidence from 50 indicators, covering both current well-being outcomes and resources for future well-being, and including changes since 2005. During this period there have been signs of progress, but gains in some aspects of life have been offset by losses elsewhere. This fourth edition highlights the many faces of inequality, showing that gaps in people’s achievements and opportunities extend right across the different dimensions of well-being. It exposes divisions according to age, gender, and education, and reveals pockets of inequality in all OECD countries. It also brings to light the many well-being disadvantages that migrants face in adapting to life abroad. Additionally, the report examines governance as seen from the citizen’s perspective, revealing gaps between public institutions and the people they serve. Finally, it provides a country-by-country perspective, pinpointing strengths, challenges and changes in well-being over time in 41 country profiles.
How’s Life? is part of the OECD Better Life Initiative, which features a range of studies and analysis about people’s well-being and how to measure it, and includes the interactive Better Life Index website.
A basic income experiment was conducted in Finland in 2017–2018 to find ways to reshape the social security system. Evaluation study of the basic income experiment is underway.
Presentation by OECD Chief Economist, Laurence Boone, on Inclusive Growth at the farewell conference in honor of Governor Karnit Flug, The Van Leer Institute in Jerusalem, 4 November 2018
Olli Kangas: Can Universal Basic Income solve future Income Security Challenges? Some tentative answers from the Finnish Basic Income (BI) experiment. Presentation at 5th Conference of the Regulating for Decent Work Network, Geneva, 4.7.2017.
1) Several countries are showing increased policy attention towards basic income, including Switzerland holding a referendum, Finland planning an experiment, and experiments being considered in the Netherlands and Canada.
2) The document analyzes the conditions under which a "policy window" may open up for basic income using Kingdon's multiple streams framework of problem, policy, and political streams aligning.
3) Preliminary results are shown from a study measuring political party support for basic income in Finland over time, finding variation in levels and changes in support across parties.
This presentation was made by Eileen Regan and Matthew Wilson , at the 3rd Experts Meeting on Gender Budgeting held at the OECD Conference Centre, Paris, on 19-20 September 2019
Savremeni trendovi i kvalitet u upravljanju ljudskim resursimaDejan Jeremic
The document discusses promoting entrepreneurship and self-employment as an opportunity for unemployed youth. It notes high youth unemployment in Europe and describes Slovenia's economic challenges and declining demographics. Self-employment programs can help unemployed youth start businesses, though over 23,000 participated in Slovenia's 2007-2013 self-employment subsidy with uncertain effectiveness due to a lack of program evaluation culture. Promoting entrepreneurship through supportive environments and active labor market policies is important to create jobs and exit unemployment.
Basic Income Ireland introductory presentationJohn Baker
Basic Income is an idea whose time has come. This presentation offers a general introduction to basic income with specific reference to Ireland. More information is available on our website basicincomeireland.com. Please contact us through our site if you would like us to come and talk about basic income.
Increasing Employment for Ethnic MinoritiesThink Ethnic
The document is a report by the Comptroller and Auditor General that examines the Department for Work and Pensions' efforts to increase employment rates for ethnic minorities in the UK. Some key points:
1) There is currently a 14.2 percentage point gap between the employment rates of the UK's ethnic minority population and the general population, costing the economy £8.6 billion annually. While the gap has narrowed slightly over time, fully closing it could take 30 years with current efforts.
2) The Department for Work and Pensions aims to reduce the gap through Jobcentre Plus offices and programs like New Deal, but past pilot programs targeted at ethnic minorities have had mixed results. More recently, the strategy
The document presents a framework for inclusive growth that links policies to outcomes related to living standards. It discusses channels of transmission from income generation to distribution and living standards. The framework aims to identify policy trade-offs and synergies across dimensions like growth, health, and inequality. Empirical analysis examines how productivity-enhancing and labor market policies impact inequality and employment. The framework and analysis have implications for Latin American and Caribbean countries, highlighting opportunities to promote inclusive growth through improving education quality and equity, reducing barriers to competition, increasing female labor participation, and calibrating minimum wage and labor policies.
Experimenting with basic income in finlandDylan Matthews
The document summarizes Finland's plans to experiment with a basic income program. It discusses:
1) Prime Minister Juha Sipilä has mandated social experiments, including a basic income experiment, to reform social policy and reduce work disincentives and bureaucracy.
2) A research consortium led by Kela will design the experiment, which will run from 2017-2019 and be funded by €20 billion from the government.
3) The experiment will explore models of a full basic income, partial basic income, and negative income tax to determine costs and impacts on benefits and which options are possible.
Digitalisation of finance activities: Challenges and opportunities - Thomas ...OECD Governance
This presentation was made by Thomas Larouche, Canada, at the 40th Annual Meeting of OECD Senior Budget Officials (SBO) held in Tallinn, Estonia, on 5-6 June 2019
This document discusses universal basic income (UBI) and its potential impacts on farmers' welfare in India. It provides background on India's economy and agriculture sector, noting issues like declining farm incomes, high poverty rates, and many small and marginal landholdings. It then outlines arguments that UBI could help address issues of poverty, risk, and financial inclusion for farmers while being more efficient than existing welfare programs that have exclusion errors and leakages. However, it also notes potential disadvantages like increased temptation spending and reduced work incentives. Overall, it argues for adopting UBI in a gradual, phased manner that targets it based on asset ownership.
- The document discusses basic income as a policy, mirror of existing welfare systems, and metaphor for rethinking social and economic structures.
- Research examines what drives political support for basic income across countries, finding it influenced by ideological, socio-economic, and institutional factors that vary in different contexts.
- Case studies of the UK and Finland show support is sometimes more abstract than concrete and existing welfare states shape basic income politics, with individual support also linked to preferences for targeting and conditionality relative to national systems.
How’s Life? 2015 describes the essential ingredients that shape people’s well-being in OECD and other major economies. It includes a wide variety of statistics, capturing both material well-being and quality of life. This third edition includes a special focus on child well-being, on volunteering and on inequalities in well-being across different regions within countries.
Fife Centre for Equalities position on Social Mobility and the Time for Change consultation. This is in parallel with on-going work on the inclusion of the socio-economic duty in the Equality Act 2010.
This document analyzes Bulgaria's pension system using a pension modeling tool (PROST). Key findings include:
1) Dependency rates are projected to increase, putting additional fiscal pressure on the system.
2) Coverage rates among the elderly are projected to decrease, requiring non-contributory pensions and more fiscal pressure.
3) Increasing contribution rates or equalizing retirement ages between men and women could improve the fiscal outlook, but larger reforms may be needed to address challenges from low coverage rates.
This document is the National Women's Council of Ireland's pre-budget submission for Budget 2016. It summarizes key facts about the economic situation of women in Ireland, such as the widening gender pay gap and high rates of poverty among female lone parents and their children. It calls on the government to prioritize gender equality and reversing austerity measures in Budget 2016 in order to improve women's lives and economic security. Specifically, it recommends increased funding for childcare, measures to address violence against women, policies to promote decent work and fair pay, and supports for marginalized groups like Traveller and refugee women. The submission argues Budget 2016 must make gender equality and women's needs an explicit goal of public policy.
Capgemini & Oracles’ World Jobseeking Report 2013: Country ResearchCapgemini
About asset: Capgemini and Oracle’s World Jobseeking Report 2013 gives a global perspective on unemployment and employability. What strategies are getting the best results? This document displays the findings of the survey including country profiles, country cases study, Capgemini case studies and additional asserts.
This document provides an introduction and overview of the "Intro to Design" module. It outlines the module objectives, which are to learn design principles and processes through lectures, tutorials, and self-directed study. Students will apply skills and principles to 2D and 3D design projects. The document details the module structure, learning outcomes, assessment components, attendance policy, and academic integrity guidelines. Key points covered include design investigations, applying design elements and principles, and developing visual and verbal communication skills.
The document discusses the immigration of Jewish people to Canada. It notes that the Jewish population originated in the ancient Middle East but spread throughout Europe over centuries. When Jewish people came to Canada, they settled primarily in Winnipeg and rural farming communities in Manitoba. They fled their homelands as refugees due to violence and persecution, notably pogroms, and sought refuge and safety in Canada. The first major arrival of Jewish immigrants to Canada was in 1880 when immigration policy was minimal and non-discriminatory.
A successful music video must follow certain codes and conventions to appeal to its target audience. The main purposes of a music video are to promote an artist's music and gain recognition. There are three main video styles - performance, where the artist sings the song; narrative, which follows a story related to the lyrics; and illustration, which can combine performance and narrative. Technical and symbolic media texts, costumes, editing, voyeurism, sound, cinematography, and mise en scene are all important elements considered when making a music video.
The document is a collection of thoughts from a child who enjoys basketball and art. They wonder if they will make it to the NBA, want to be the best basketball player ever, and pretend to be Brandon Jennings when playing. They worry about the world ending and cry during sad movies. They understand the importance of finishing school and hope to become an NBA player.
This edition of the Newsletter highlights the key deliberations made at the 21st edition of the Partnership Summit 2015 held from 15-17 January 2015 in Jaipur, Rajasthan.
In addition, it covers key highlights from the address of the UN Secretary General, Ban Ki Moon and World Bank President, Jim Yong Kim at Vibrant Gujarat Summit held from 11-13 January 2015 in Ahmedabad, Gujarat.
The Newsletter covers key happenings from ASEAN, Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the World Bank as well.
The document discusses the impacts of climate change and how it leads to market failures. It notes that greenhouse gas emissions have global and long-term effects, including risks and uncertainties. Some key impacts are exacerbated extreme events, transboundary effects, and damage to local communities from sea level rise and poor planning. The Seychelles are particularly vulnerable due to their low elevation and reliance on tourism and fishing industries. Adaptation strategies focus on defending islands, education, and empowering local communities.
Presented 25th February 2015 at the Midlands Learn and Share event, part of NCVO's Volunteering in Care Homes Project:
https://www.ncvo.org.uk/practical-support/volunteering/volunteering-in-care-homes
The document is the proceedings from the Australian Smoking Cessation Conference in 2013. It includes:
- An introduction welcoming attendees and emphasizing the theme of translating science into clinical practice.
- An overview by the Scientific Committee of the diverse and innovative abstracts presented on topics like tailored smoking cessation methods, novel uses of nicotine replacement therapy, and programs for vulnerable groups.
- Invited speaker abstracts on topics such as integrated treatment for substance users, a smoking cessation project for pregnant smokers, smoking rates and interventions for Aboriginal people, adolescent tobacco dependence and cessation approaches.
This document summarizes the product mix of LG Electronics, which includes 13 product lines ranging from refrigerators to air conditioners to computers. It provides details on the breadth, length, depth, and consistency of LG's product mix. The length of LG's product mix is 1579 total items. Breadth includes 13 product lines. Depth looks at variants within lines, like 434 air conditioner models across 3 sizes. Consistency is high as the products are closely related and can be obtained from the same outlets.
After a decade of first wage-stagnation and then wage-slump, some analysts think it won’t be long before real earnings begin to rise again.
What happens to wages over the next year is first and foremost of great concern to hard-hit households. But it is also likely to greatly affect the sustainability of consumption and therefore the recovery, the path of future monetary policy and, indeed, the wider political debate between now and the next election.
This Resolution Foundation event threw light on the question and heard from some of the UK’s leading economists.
Speakers were:
Matthew Whittaker - Senior Economist, Resolution Foundation
David Smith – Economics Editor, Sunday Times
Nicola Smith – Head of Economics and Social Affairs, TUC
Ian Stewart – Chief Economist, Deloitte
John Philpott – Director, The Jobs Economist
Gavin Kelly (Chair) - Chief Executive, Resolution Foundation
This document summarizes a report by the Centre for Social Justice on further welfare reform for the next UK Parliament. It discusses:
1) Proposing a new "Youth Offer" to reduce youth unemployment through intensive support from primary school through adulthood, including career coaching, work experience, and a "Community Wage."
2) Recommending reform of Jobcentre Plus to improve job seeking support, drawing inspiration from Australia's system and introducing more competition.
3) Suggesting a focus on increasing progression in work so those who start in low-paid jobs do not get stuck there long-term.
This document outlines the Conservative Party's proposals called "Get Britain Working" to tackle unemployment and reform the welfare system in the UK. The key aspects of the proposals are:
1) Replacing existing welfare-to-work programs with a new integrated program called "The Work Program" that will provide long-term personalized support to help people find and keep jobs.
2) A package of supplementary programs including initiatives to help people start their own businesses, get involved in volunteering, and participate in local job training clubs.
3) A major new initiative called "Youth Action for Work" to provide opportunities like apprenticeships, college training, and work experience placements to unemployed young people.
4)
This document discusses unemployment, including how it is measured, its various costs, types of unemployment, and policies related to achieving full employment. Unemployment is measured as the number of people actively seeking work but unable to find a job. There are personal, economic, and social costs of unemployment. The main types of unemployment are frictional, structural, seasonal, and cyclical. Full employment is defined as the lowest unemployment rate compatible with price stability, around 4-6%. Policies aim to reduce unemployment through monetary policy, fiscal policy, education/training, and labor market flexibility.
Pathway Group is a leading skills provider in the UK with a vision of changing lives through skills and work. The strategic plan outlines responding to key skills needs in their regions such as high unemployment, a growing population of young people, and many residents lacking qualifications. The plan details expanding apprenticeship, adult education, and commercial training programs to address these needs over 2019-2021. Financial stability is also a priority given investments required in new contracts.
Inequality and Equality in the UK.pptxRayenKhelifi
This document discusses inequality and poverty in the UK. It provides statistics on poverty rates in the UK and Europe. Persistent poverty rates in the UK, which measure those in poverty for multiple years, have been below the EU average in recent years. However, the overall poverty rate in the UK places it 12th highest among EU countries. The document also discusses definitions of poverty, including relative poverty defined as income below 60% of the national median. It examines policies that could help reduce poverty such as increasing earnings through education initiatives and minimum wage laws, increasing employment through training programs and tax credits, and providing social transfers for those unable to work.
Towards more inclusive labour markets Netherlands Economic Survey The Hague J...OECD, Economics Department
The Netherlands has strong economic performance and sound public finances, but faces risks from its openness. Reforms are needed to make the labor market more inclusive and prepare for an aging population. Key recommendations include phasing out tax deductions for mortgages and self-employment, improving support for vulnerable workers, increasing the retirement age, and ensuring sustainable pension and long-term care systems.
The document discusses trends in income growth, productivity, and structural reforms in OECD countries. It finds that most people have seen little income growth for a decade, productivity growth has slowed, and the pace of structural reform has been mixed. It recommends packages of reforms in skills, firms, and jobs to promote inclusive growth through priorities tailored for each country.
The document discusses child poverty in the UK, including targets set by previous governments to reduce it and measures taken that achieved some success. However, it notes that recent government policies, including significant cuts to benefits and tax credits, are expected to cause child poverty levels to substantially increase again. It argues more investment is needed to both improve living standards and support families' ability to work if the goal of ending child poverty is to be achieved.
The document discusses several topics related to older workers on the Dutch labor market. It notes that the impact of an aging population will be felt starting in 2011, with certain sectors like care and education already experiencing staff shortages. The government has made early retirement less financially attractive to encourage more people to work until age 65, alleviating shortages. Employers see older workers as having advantages like experience while costing less in areas like training. Unemployment among older workers is rising due to the economic crisis.
Market-Based Development to Win the War on PovertyRWVentures
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Prepared for the Chicago Federal Executive Board, this presentation assesses the nation's progress over the last 50 years and suggests a new framework for winning the "War on Poverty." Finding that welfare programs have significantly reduced absolute poverty but are inadequate to combat rapidly growing relative poverty, the presentation proposes a new market-based approach that leverages, rather than supplants, next economy markets to bring under-invested people and places back into the economic mainstream. The presentation concludes with principles for designing the federal government's role in this new effort.
- Between 65-70% of households in 25 advanced economies, or around 540-580 million people, had market incomes in 2014 that were flat or lower than in 2005. This is a significant increase compared to less than 2% of households between 1993-2005.
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- Government policies and labor market practices influenced the impact, but factors like slowing GDP growth after the recession, declining wage share, aging populations, and smaller households also contributed to widespread flat or falling incomes.
This document summarizes a new Welsh Government ministerial portfolio that combines areas related to tackling poverty, equality, financial and digital inclusion, communities, children and families, and sustainable development. It also discusses the impact of welfare reforms in Wales, noting that the poorest families will be most affected and research indicating £590 million less in welfare payments by 2014-15. The gendered impacts are also covered, with women more likely to lose income and be subject to new conditionality requirements.
The participation age in England is being raised in two phases, with full participation required until age 17 by 2013 and until age 18 by 2015. This applies to all young people aged 16-17 without a level 3 qualification and requires them to participate full-time in education, work-based learning like an apprenticeship, or full-time work with part-time education. Raising the age aims to help more youth gain skills for jobs and benefit both individuals through higher earnings and the economy through increased productivity. Local authorities, schools, colleges, and employers all have new duties to promote participation and identify non-participants.
Employment & Unemployment - How they are measuredHugo OGrady
Employment & Unemployment - How they are measured content slideshow. Designed for the Economic A level qualification. Can be used in revision and in class.
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Measures of Unemployment – The Claimant Count
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Quirks of Employment and Unemployment Rates & Immigration
This document discusses fiscal policy in the United States in the context of rising inequality. It makes three key points:
1) Inequality in the US is high and growing, with the top 1% gaining significantly more income than the rest. Government can and should do more to promote equality of opportunity through public investment and insurance programs.
2) Public investment, such as in infrastructure and education, provides jobs and yields high economic returns that complement private sector growth. However, the US underinvests in these areas.
3) The US tax base is inadequate given spending needs. Moderate tax increases coupled with more progressive public spending could help address inequality without steep rate increases. Overall fiscal policy should consider both spending and
Slides from the Nevin Economic Research Institute's post Budget seminar. Speakers Michelle Murphy (Social Justice Ireland), Cormac Staunton (TASC) and Michael Taft (UNITE)
The document summarizes an OECD Economic Survey of Spain. It finds that while the Spanish economy has returned to growth following recession, the key challenge is to boost growth and reduce unemployment significantly through productivity and competitiveness gains. This will require reducing public and private debt, improving labor market policies, and reforms to promote business entry and growth. The survey recommends continuing fiscal consolidation, shifting taxes from labor to consumption, improving insolvency procedures, strengthening active labor market policies, raising innovation quality, and further developing the business sector.
Similar to Securing full employment in the UK (20)
A toxic combination of 15 years of low growth, and four decades of high inequality, has left Britain poorer and falling behind its peers. Productivity growth is weak and public investment is low, while wages today are no higher than they were before the financial crisis. Britain needs a new economic strategy to lift itself out of stagnation.
Scotland is in many ways a microcosm of this challenge. It has become a hub for creative industries, is home to several world-class universities and a thriving community of businesses – strengths that need to be harness and leveraged. But it also has high levels of deprivation, with homelessness reaching a record high and nearly half a million people living in very deep poverty last year. Scotland won’t be truly thriving unless it finds ways to ensure that all its inhabitants benefit from growth and investment. This is the central challenge facing policy makers both in Holyrood and Westminster.
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The document discusses the benefits of exercise for both physical and mental health. It notes that exercise can reduce the risk of diseases like heart disease and diabetes, and help manage conditions like depression and anxiety. The document recommends that adults get at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise per week to gain these benefits.
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Recent years have seen a disturbing rise in violence, discrimination, and intolerance against Christian communities in various Islamic countries. This multifaceted challenge, deeply rooted in historical, social, and political animosities, demands urgent attention. Despite the escalating persecution, substantial support from the Western world remains lacking.
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Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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Securing full employment in the UK
1. Unfinished Business: securing full
employment in the UK
Owen Smith MP
Paul Gregg, University of Bath
Laura Gardiner, Resolution Foundation
Neil Carberry,CBI
David Willetts, Resolution Foundation
@resfoundation // #fullemployment
Wifi: 2QAG-guest p: W3lc0m3!!
1
2. The road to full employment
What the journey looks like and how
to make progress
Paul Gregg & Laura Gardiner
March 2016
2
4. Recent strong employment growth has put
full employment back on the agenda
4
UK employment and unemployment
5. Those not in work are strongly concentrated at
the bottom of the income distribution
5
Workless adults as a share of all adults in each quintile of the 16-69 year old equivalised net
household income distribution
6. Employment has driven living standards for
lower-income households since the crisis
6
Employment rates by decile of the 16-69 year old equivalised net household income distribution
7. Full employment is key to future living
standards, and other economic concerns
7
• Working age benefits and tax credits are declining in value
and the outlook for wages is uncertain – expectations that
inequality will increase in coming years
• Further improvements in employment for workless adults in
the UK – who are concentrated in the bottom half of the
income distribution – is the key offsetting factor
• Full employment can also deliver higher wages for low
earners, and rising national income due to an expanded
labour force
9. A ‘bottom up’ approach rooted in the UK
experience, built upon three key insights:
9
1. Outside of downturns, most jobs growth comes from increased participation (not lower
unemployment)
Quarterly employment entrants by status in previous quarter (16+ year olds, thousands)
10. A ‘bottom up’ approach rooted in the UK
experience, built upon three key insights:
10
1. Outside of downturns, most jobs growth comes from increased participation (not lower
unemployment)
2. ‘Low activity’ groups tend to have lower participation rates than the average…
Participation rates for groups with different characteristics (18-69 year olds)
11. A ‘bottom up’ approach rooted in the UK
experience, built upon three key insights:
11
1. Outside of downturns, most jobs growth comes from increased participation (not lower
unemployment)
2. ‘Low activity’ groups tend to have lower participation rates than the average…
3. …With substantial variation across different parts of the country
Participation rates for groups with different characteristics in 20 UK sub-regions (18-69 year olds)
12. A ‘bottom up’ approach rooted in the UK
experience, built upon three key insights:
12
1. Outside of downturns, most jobs growth comes from increased participation (not lower
unemployment)
2. ‘Low activity’ groups tend to have lower participation rates than the average…
3. …With substantial variation across different parts of the country
Our approach to benchmarking full employment:
13. Full employment by the end of the parliament
13
• An increase in the 16-64 year old employment rate
to 78 per cent by 2020-21 – an additional 2 million
people in work relative to today
– The majority of the employment increase (75 per cent) comes
from rising participation
– Those in low activity groups experience large increases in
their employment rates, particularly disabled people, the low-
qualified and BAME groups
– The lowest-performing parts of the country experience the
greatest employment gains, with a 10 ppt+ increase in
Merseyside and the rural North East
15. A need for new policy thinking
15
• Policy headwinds – including the National Living
Wage and the Apprenticeship Levy – mean further
employment growth is by no means a given
• Demand itself is not enough – it needs to be
concentrated in lower-employment parts of the
country
• And even when in the right places, employment
demand won’t get us all the way there
automatically
16. A post-crisis approach to full employment
16
• A broad focus on raising participation, and not just
unemployment or benefit receipt
• A new emphasis on reducing (or delaying)
employment exits
• A recognition that location is of central
importance, both in terms of shaping policy
interventions to local need, and in the need to
deliver regionally-shared employment demand
17. A new policy agenda for achieving full
employment
17
By minimising
employment exit
And by maximising
entry to employment
Mothers and single parents The low-qualified
Disabled people Young people
Older people BAMEgroups
An overarching framework for boosting
employment across the country
A policy agenda aligned to the challenges faced
by different 'low activity' groups
Policies to boost employment across 'low activity'
groups
18. A new policy agenda for achieving full
employment
18
By minimising
employment exit
And by maximising
entry to employment
Mothers and single parents The low-qualified
Disabled people Young people
Older people BAMEgroups
An overarching framework for boosting
employment across the country
A policy agenda aligned to the challenges faced
by different 'low activity' groups
Policies to boost employment across 'low activity'
groups
19. A new policy agenda for achieving full
employment
19
By minimising
employment exit
And by maximising
entry to employment
Mothers and single parents The low-qualified
Disabled people Young people
Older people BAMEgroups
An overarching framework for boosting
employment across the country
A policy agenda aligned to the challenges faced
by different 'low activity' groups
Policies to boost employment across 'low activity'
groups
Disabled people
The government must use its
forthcoming disability employment
White Paper to establish a
comprehensive strategy not just for
boosting employment entry but for
minimising employment exit connected
to disability and ill-health
• A disability employment outflow
reduction target
• A statutory 'right to return' of a year
20. A new policy agenda for achieving full
employment
20
By minimising
employment exit
And by maximising
entry to employment
Mothers and single parents The low-qualified
Disabled people Young people
Older people BAMEgroups
An overarching framework for boosting
employment across the country
A policy agenda aligned to the challenges faced
by different 'low activity' groups
Policies to boost employment across 'low activity'
groups
The low-qualified
The government must use the
opportunity provided by the
Apprenticeship Levy to ensure that
apprenticeships and traineeships are
more appropriately targeted towards
those transitioning from study,
unemployment and inactivity into work
• Target of half of all new
apprenticeships and traineeships
allocated to those coming from
study or who have been out of work
• An apprenticeship access fund
21. A new policy agenda for achieving full
employment
21
By minimising
employment exit
And by maximising
entry to employment
Mothers and single parents The low-qualified
Disabled people Young people
Older people BAMEgroups
An overarching framework for boosting
employment across the country
A policy agenda aligned to the challenges faced
by different 'low activity' groups
Policies to boost employment across 'low activity'
groups
Policies to boost employment
across ‘low activity’ groups
The government must extend
employment support services beyond
those engaged with the benefit system
to provide assistance to wider workless
populations
• Local 'public employment services'
incorporating Jobcentre Plus and
other advice and support
22. Full employment as a destination worth
targeting: concluding remarks
22
• Our ‘bottom up’ analysis puts meat on the bones of full
employment ambitions, showing the scale of the challenge,
and which groups and areas to target
• Recent employment performance gives us grounds for hope,
but not complacency – an active policy focus is required
– To support the economic conditions conducive to low activity
participation in low-employment areas
– To address the particular employment barriers and challenges faced
by low activity groups
• Full employment is the key tool for achieving inclusive
prosperity
23. Unfinished Business: securing full
employment in the UK
Owen Smith MP
Paul Gregg, University of Bath
Laura Gardiner, Resolution Foundation
Neil Carberry,CBI
David Willetts, Resolution Foundation
@resfoundation // #fullemployment
Wifi: 2QAG-guest p: W3lc0m3!!
23
Editor's Notes
Conclusion of nine-month investigation
This employment record also compares favourably internationally. The UK currently ranks seventh of 24 developed economies in terms of its employment rate; has recently overtaken Canada to become the third-best performer in the G7; and is making up ground on Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands.
Most prominently, the Chancellor has committed to full employment as an ambition for the government, targeting the highest employment rate of G7 economies and a 2 million employment increase within this parliament under this banner.
Welcome though these targets are, the lack of further detail means it is not clear that they necessarily represent ‘full employment’, who they benefit, or how they should be achieved. The primary purpose of this report is to address these three questions.
Mainly inactive, not unemployed
With wages declining in value and other major sources of income such as working-age benefits broadly flat in real terms, it is the strong performance of employment that prevented a deeper fall in living standards for working age households, and then drove forward the early living standards recovery in the past couple of years.
As well as driving the recovery in the living standards of working age households, increasing employment has also been strongly progressive in the distribution of these gains (explain chart).
This fits into the longer-term story for low and middle income households over the past half-century: to a greater or lesser extent rising employment, particularly for women, has been a key factor in boosting incomes, alongside the role of the working age benefit system.
Workless adults with certain characteristics are even more likely to be concentrated in low-income households: disability; low levels of qualifications; from a black, Asian or minority ethnic (BAME) group; or with single parent status (explain chart). This means that the more strongly tilted towards these groups future employment gains are, the richer the rewards in terms of raising the living standards of the poorest.
In this way, boosting the size of the labour force pushes out the point at which employment is moderated by accelerating wages or by the central bank, offering the potential to achieve higher growth without inflationary pressures.
Of course, more people in work also has a beneficial impact on the working-age welfare bill and can boost tax receipts. And it helps the UK cope with an ageing population and the demands it places on society, the economy and public expenditure.
A narrow focus on just the unemployed – and particularly an even narrower focus on benefit claimants – will quickly run out of road.
Any substantial employment increase will require bringing new participants into the labour market (or, importantly, keeping participants in for longer).
Low activity groups = groups displaying traditional signs of labour market disadvantage.
Young people included because of downward employment trends and concerns about wages.
We note that while these groups generally experience lower participation, rates have often improved more rapidly than the average, with the progress for single parents and older people particularly marked. This implies that economic- or policy-driven changes in participation are possible.
The participation rate for disabled people was 35 per cent in Northern Ireland, compared to a rate of 53 per cent in the South East of England
The participation rate for low-qualified people was 57 per cent in Merseyside, compared to a rate of 69 per cent in the East of England.
The participation rate for disabled people was 35 per cent in Northern Ireland, compared to a rate of 53 per cent in the South East of England
The participation rate for low-qualified people was 57 per cent in Merseyside, compared to a rate of 69 per cent in the East of England.
Compared to the end of the previous parliament – the point from which the Chancellor’s set his ambition for a 2 million jobs boost – our full employment measure entails an increase in the number of people in work of 2.4 million. Our measure is therefore slightly more stretching that the Chancellor’s, and provides a picture of what his commitment could constitute and how it could be achieved.
For example, our measure entails an increase of almost 1 million in the number of disabled people in work.
Set up straw man for each:
1. If current rate of employment growth continued we’d get there no problem
Each of these measures provides important new protections and boosts to those in work. But – all else equal – they are also likely to push back against the recent trend towards ever-higher employment levels.
2. It’s all about national growth
Of course all else doesn’t have to be equal. Rising demand or specific efforts to boost demand can push up job quantity as well as job quality.
Lower-skilled labour very immobile and demand doesn’t naturally shift away from high-employment areas due to migration – a real need to create opportunity in the
3. Labour markets will automatically absorb people
And even if we get the demand in the right areas, we can’t expect it to do all the work.
Raising participation emanates from our analysis
Too often the policy agenda focuses on getting people into work, due to the central role of DWP and the conflation with reducing the welfare bill. For some groups, even successful efforts achieve comparatively low job entry rates, and evidence highlights the damaging effect that losing touch with the labour market can have. Of course we must get better at helping those who do lose touch, but a far more proactive and comprehensive approach involves avoiding this outcome in the first place by stemming flows out of work.
Finally, again driven by our analysis we think the policy agenda needs to be location specific. This is both in terms of joining up the devolution, infrastructure and full employment policy areas to push employment demand out to the worst-performing areas, and in terms of joining up interventions at the local level specific to local groups.
12 high-level policy directions, with more detailed recommendations and suggestions beneath each of these.
We focus on each of the six low activity groups we have looked at throughout the analysis – for three we suggest the challenge remains the more general job entry agenda. For the other three we think the greatest gains can be made by focusing on exit.
We then have 3 directions that span need across low activity groups.
And three focused on boosting demand across the regions and sharing what works.
Can’t do justice to all of this, so will pick out a few.
Given all the changes to ESA, agenda overly focused on benefit off flows rather than employment outcomes, and too focused on employment entry rather than exit.
330,000 move from work to ESA each year. Maintaining attachment to the firm is the key ingredient. Learn lessons from successful maternity policy.
These are just a couple of ideas – will present a comprehensive plan in upcoming publication in advance of white paper.
Existing approach strongly motivated by hitting a stretching target the government has set itself, without due consideration of who benefits from these opportunities.
Only one third of apprentices are new recruits, and a much smaller subset had been out of work before becoming an apprentice.
Groups including ethnic minorities significantly under-represented.
With the claimant count at an all time low and JCP having to re-think how it operates to support second-earners and those subject to in-work conditionality under UC, now is the time for a rethink.
Combining employment and skills services organised by local authorities and LEPs, careers advice, LA NEET obligations, apprenticeship access.
Think about commissioning to fill the gap left by much smaller Work Programme.