The document explains search engine optimization (SEO), which involves increasing website traffic through organic search results by obtaining links from authoritative pages. It details how search engines operate, including crawling, indexing, and ranking pages based on algorithms like Google’s Panda, Penguin, Pigeon, and Hummingbird. The summary highlights the significance of these algorithms in determining page relevance and penalizing low-quality sites to enhance user experience.

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2. What is Search Engine

3. Search engine optimization (SEO) is the practice of
increasing the quantity and quality of traffic to your
website through organic search engine results.
In search results Google displays links to pages it
considers relevant and authoritative. Authority is
mostly measured by analyzing the number and
quality of links from other web pages.
In simple terms your web pages have the potential
to rank in Google so long as other web pages link to
them.
Search Engine Optimization

4. • A Search Engine is a software system that is
designed to search for information on the
World Wide Web.
–The World Wide Web (abbreviated as www
or w3, also known as Web) is a big
collection of HTML pages on the Internet.
–Each HTML page is connected through
hyperlinks and URLs.
What are Search Engines?

5. How does Search Engine works?

6. Searching Crawling Indexing Processing page Rank

7. When a user enters a query into a search engine, the engine
examines its index.
The search engine’s index then determines the relevant web
pages from the database.
The search engine return only those results that are relevant or
useful to the searcher’s query.
Searching

8. Searching

9.  Every search engine has tiny automated software programs known as
robots, crawlers or spiders.
 These crawlers visits the websites, read the site’s meta tags read the site’s
actual data and also follows the links that the site connects to.
 Meta tag – allows the owner of a page to specify key words and
concepts.
 It also can include a STOP signal to prevent the crawlers from reading
them.
 The crawler returns all that information back to a central depository,
where the data is indexed.
 The crawler will periodically return to the sites to check for any
information that has changed.
 The frequency with which this happens is determined by the
administrators of the Search Engine.
Crawling

10. Crawling

11. – Where does the crawler starts from?
 The usual starting points are lists of heavily used
servers and very popular pages.
 E.g.: News channel sites, Online Newspapers sites, etc.
 The crawl process can also begins with a list of web
address from past crawls or sites provide by website
owners.
– How many spiders does a search engine sends?
 Google uses four Google bots.
 Their system could crawl over 100 pages per second,
generating around 600 kilobytes of data each second.

12. Indexing

13. Processing

14. Page Ranking

15. •The Search Engine does not search through the whole
Internet when we type a query.
•It searches through the copy of the Internet stored in
the Engine’s Database.
•The Search Engine’s index is matched against to the
query from the browsers.
•When a relevancy occurs, the web pages are sent from
the Engine’s Database.
•Therefore, searched results occurs within half a second
after typing the query.
Some Facts

16. • Google.com - Launched in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey
Brin, Google is by far the most popular search engine
globally.
• Yahoo.com - Started in 1994 by David Filo and Jerry Yang,
Yahoo! is the second biggest search engine on the web.
• Bing.com - Launched in 2009 by Microsoft, Bing is their
latest web-based search service.
• Ask.com - Ask was founded in 1996 with the idea of
allowing users to get answers to questions posed in
everyday, natural language, as well as traditional keyword
searching.
• DuckDuckGo.com - Founded in September of 2008 by
Gabriel Weinberg, DuckDuckGo (DDG) prides itself on
respecting user privacy.
Top Search Engines

17. Google Algorithms

18. Index
Google Algorithms
4 Different Algorithms
• Panda
• Penguin
• Pigeon
• Humming Bird

19. Google Algorithm
Google's algorithm does the work for you by searching out
Web pages that contain the keywords you used to search,
then assigning a rank to each page based several factors,
including how many times the keywords appear on the page.
Higher ranked pages appear further up in Google's search
engine results page (SERP), meaning that the best links
relating to your search query are theoretically the first ones
Google lists.
From time to time Google algorithm works in order to
provide better search results and relevant content for
internet users.
Google algorithm prevents cheating on the website.

20. Panda
Penguin
Pigeon
Humming
Bird

21. Panda Algorithm
This algorithm is used to reduce rankings for low -quality sites
sites which are low - value add for users ,copy content from other
websites or sites that are just not very useful
At the same time, it will provide better rankings for
High quality sites, sites with original content and information
It penalizes a website that has nothing but only pop-ups and ads.

22. Penguin Algorithm
It is commonly known that the more links back to your
website the better SEARCH ENGINE RANKING you will
have.
The problem is getting links back to your website is not an
easy thing to do. When things are difficult, people cheat.
Penguin is designed to penalize those who cheat buy
purchasing links from ‘link farms’ or ‘link exchanges’ back
to their website.
So what is a ‘link farm’ or ‘link exchange’? Websites that
are designed to create links back to other websites for a
fee in order to achieve a higher SEARCH ENGINE RANKING

23. Pigeon Algorithm
This algorithm ties deeper into their web search capabilities,
including the hundreds of ranking signals they use in web
search along with search features such as Knowledge Graph,
spelling correction, synonyms and more.
This algorithm improves their distance and location ranking
parameters.
It provides more relevant and accurate local search results.

24. Hummingbird Algorithm
Hummingbird’s strength is the ability to quickly analyze longer,
more complex questions and provide the best answer to the
searcher with the fewest possible clicks.
"Hummingbird" algorithm is a more human way to interact with
users and provide a more direct answer unlike its previous
versions Panda and Penguin.