Scope of orthodontics
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Orthodontics involves correcting abnormalities of the teeth, jaws, and facial muscles. It addresses issues with the positioning of teeth, skeletal patterns of the jaws, and soft tissue patterns. Various treatment types include preventive, interceptive, corrective, and surgical orthodontics, which can alter the teeth, jaw bones, and soft tissues to achieve proper alignment and occlusion.
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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This document discusses the definition, etiology, classification, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of cross bites. Cross bites can be anterior or posterior and can have dental, skeletal, or functional causes. Management involves correcting the cross bite through various appliances depending on the stage of dentition, from simple elastics in primary dentition to more complex appliances like face masks or orthognathic surgery in permanent dentition. The goal is to intercept and correct cross bites early to prevent progression to more severe malocclusions requiring prolonged treatment.
Essential diagnostic aids in orthodontics
1. Orthodontic diagnosis involves collecting data through various diagnostic aids like case history, clinical examination, study models, and radiographs to identify the nature and cause of a malocclusion.
2. Essential diagnostic aids include case history, clinical examination, study models, periapical radiographs, and bitewing radiographs which provide information on the patient's medical history, dentition, occlusion, and underlying bone and tissue.
3. Additional diagnostic aids like cephalometric radiographs, photographs, and specialized radiographic views provide supplementary information to develop a comprehensive orthodontic diagnosis.
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One of the objectives in complete denture prosthetics is to produce a harmonious appearance of the denture when in the patient’s mouth.
A denture usually perceived as esthetics when the teeth and bases are in harmony with the facial musculature as well as the size & shape of the head.
The selection of artificial teeth & their arrangement to meet esthetic requirements demand artistic skill in addition to scientific knowledge.
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This document discusses study model construction and trimming for orthodontic diagnosis. It describes making impressions, casts, and bases for maxillary and mandibular study models. Proper trimming involves using templates, squares, and guides to ensure models are symmetrical and meet standardized measurements for anatomical and artistic portions. Well-trimmed models accurately reproduce teeth and soft tissues for evaluating malocclusions and treatment planning.
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Serial extraction is an interceptive orthodontic procedure that involves the planned extraction of certain primary and permanent teeth in a sequence to guide the erupting permanent teeth into a favorable position. It was first described in 1929 as a way to address arch length deficiencies. The most common methods are Dewel's method, Tweed's method, and Nance method, all of which extract primary teeth first, followed by premolars and canines. Potential problems include anterior crossbites from residual spacing or skeletal discrepancies.
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This document discusses the process of a complete denture try-in. It begins by defining complete denture prosthetics and try-in. It then outlines the steps to check the mandibular denture alone, including the peripheral outline, stability, tongue space, and occlusal plane height. It describes similarly checking the maxillary denture alone and then both dentures together, evaluating the occlusion, vertical height, even occlusal pressure, and appearance. The goal of the try-in is to evaluate and adjust the dentures before processing to ensure proper fit and function.
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This document discusses various methods for gaining space in orthodontic treatment, including non-extraction, extraction, and surgical methods. Non-extraction methods include proximal stripping, arch expansion using removable or fixed expanders, molar distalization using headgear or intraoral appliances, uprighting tilted teeth, derotation of posterior teeth, and proclination of anterior teeth. Extraction methods include balancing, compensating, phased, enforced, Wilkinson, and therapeutic extractions. Surgical methods include orthognathic surgery and distraction osteogenesis. The document provides details on techniques such as proximal stripping, rapid maxillary expansion, and molar distalization. It discusses the indications, contraindications, advantages, and disadvantages of different
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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This document discusses the definition, etiology, classification, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of cross bites. Cross bites can be anterior or posterior and can have dental, skeletal, or functional causes. Management involves correcting the cross bite through various appliances depending on the stage of dentition, from simple elastics in primary dentition to more complex appliances like face masks or orthognathic surgery in permanent dentition. The goal is to intercept and correct cross bites early to prevent progression to more severe malocclusions requiring prolonged treatment.
Essential diagnostic aids in orthodontics
1. Orthodontic diagnosis involves collecting data through various diagnostic aids like case history, clinical examination, study models, and radiographs to identify the nature and cause of a malocclusion.
2. Essential diagnostic aids include case history, clinical examination, study models, periapical radiographs, and bitewing radiographs which provide information on the patient's medical history, dentition, occlusion, and underlying bone and tissue.
3. Additional diagnostic aids like cephalometric radiographs, photographs, and specialized radiographic views provide supplementary information to develop a comprehensive orthodontic diagnosis.
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One of the objectives in complete denture prosthetics is to produce a harmonious appearance of the denture when in the patient’s mouth.
A denture usually perceived as esthetics when the teeth and bases are in harmony with the facial musculature as well as the size & shape of the head.
The selection of artificial teeth & their arrangement to meet esthetic requirements demand artistic skill in addition to scientific knowledge.
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serial extraction
Serial extraction is an interceptive orthodontic procedure that involves the planned extraction of certain primary and permanent teeth in a sequence to guide the erupting permanent teeth into a favorable position. It was first described in 1929 as a way to address arch length deficiencies. The most common methods are Dewel's method, Tweed's method, and Nance method, all of which extract primary teeth first, followed by premolars and canines. Potential problems include anterior crossbites from residual spacing or skeletal discrepancies.
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This document discusses the process of a complete denture try-in. It begins by defining complete denture prosthetics and try-in. It then outlines the steps to check the mandibular denture alone, including the peripheral outline, stability, tongue space, and occlusal plane height. It describes similarly checking the maxillary denture alone and then both dentures together, evaluating the occlusion, vertical height, even occlusal pressure, and appearance. The goal of the try-in is to evaluate and adjust the dentures before processing to ensure proper fit and function.
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This document discusses various methods for gaining space in orthodontic treatment, including non-extraction, extraction, and surgical methods. Non-extraction methods include proximal stripping, arch expansion using removable or fixed expanders, molar distalization using headgear or intraoral appliances, uprighting tilted teeth, derotation of posterior teeth, and proclination of anterior teeth. Extraction methods include balancing, compensating, phased, enforced, Wilkinson, and therapeutic extractions. Surgical methods include orthognathic surgery and distraction osteogenesis. The document provides details on techniques such as proximal stripping, rapid maxillary expansion, and molar distalization. It discusses the indications, contraindications, advantages, and disadvantages of different
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teeth.Anterior or posterior (unilateral or bilateral) with or
without mandibular displacement.
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This document provides an overview of twin block therapy. It discusses the history, philosophy, design, construction, and stages of treatment using twin blocks. Twin blocks are functional appliances composed of separate upper and lower bite blocks. They are worn 24 hours a day to achieve rapid correction of malocclusions through forces transmitted to inclined planes covering the posterior teeth. Treatment typically involves an initial active phase followed by a support phase to stabilize results.
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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This document provides an overview of twin block therapy. It discusses the history, philosophy, design, construction, and stages of treatment using twin blocks. Twin blocks are functional appliances composed of separate upper and lower bite blocks. They are worn 24 hours a day to achieve rapid correction of malocclusions through forces transmitted to inclined planes covering the posterior teeth. Treatment typically involves an initial active phase followed by a support phase to stabilize results.
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1. Orthodontic tooth movement occurs through remodeling of the alveolar bone in response to prolonged mechanical forces on teeth. Bone resorbs on the pressure side and forms on the tension side of the periodontal ligament.
2. Physiologic tooth movements include eruption, drift, and minor movements during mastication. Eruption occurs through growth of the root and forces from the periodontal ligament.
3. When forces are within physiologic limits, tooth movement occurs through frontal resorption on the pressure side and bone formation on the tension side. Excessive forces cause hyalinization and undermining resorption.
Orthodontic instruments
This document provides a classification and overview of various orthodontic instruments. It discusses 11 categories of instruments including those used for separating teeth, band preparation, bracket positioning, bracket and band removal, wire cutting, forming clasps and loops, and various utility pliers. The key materials used are stainless steel and tungsten carbide, and the instruments are designed for precision, durability and patient comfort during orthodontic procedures.
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This document discusses the definition, etiology, and management of anterior open bite. It defines anterior open bite as a malocclusion where the maxillary and mandibular incisors do not overlap vertically when the back teeth are in occlusion. Anterior open bite can be caused by skeletal factors like increased lower facial height, habits like digit sucking or tongue thrusting, soft tissue patterns, localized developmental failures, and mouth breathing. Management approaches include removing the underlying cause, using growth modification appliances in children, fixed appliance therapy, and in severe skeletal cases, surgical intervention like maxillary osteotomies.Retention and Relapse in orthodontics
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The document provides information on Twin Block appliances. It begins with describing the history, design, and mechanism of Twin Block appliances. Twin Blocks consist of separate upper and lower bite blocks with inclined planes. They were developed in 1977 to treat a class II malocclusion. The inclined planes guide the mandible forward into a class I occlusion. The document further describes the skeletal and dental changes caused by Twin Block therapy, as well as the standard construction and stages of treatment. It covers indications, contraindications and modifications of Twin Block appliances.
Ackerman & proffit classification of malocclusion
This document describes the Ackerman-Proffit analysis system for orthodontic malocclusions. It evaluates malocclusions based on Angle's classification plus five additional characteristics: transverse and vertical discrepancies, crowding, asymmetry, and incisor protrusion. It also assesses the dental arch, profile, lip posture, incisor display, and presence of crossbites or open bites. Rotational deviations around transverse, antero-posterior, and vertical axes (pitch, roll, yaw) are also evaluated. Scoring is done on a scale of 0 to 5 based on severity of the malocclusion characteristics.
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This document discusses the management of open bite malocclusions. It begins by defining open bite and classifying it as either skeletal or dental in nature. Skeletal open bite is caused by excessive vertical growth of the jaws while dental open bite is due to reduced incisor height. Common etiologies of open bite include thumb sucking habits, tongue thrusting, and abnormal skeletal growth patterns. The document outlines various treatment approaches for different open bite classifications and etiologies.
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Orthodontic diagnosis deals with recognition of the various characteristics of the malocclusion. It involves collection of pertinent data in a systemic manner to help in the identifying the nature and cause of the problem.
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1) Space regainers are appliances used to regain space lost due to drifting of teeth after primary teeth are lost. They can be either fixed or removable.
2) Common causes of space loss include caries of primary molars which allows permanent molars to tip mesially. Space regainers work to distalize permanent molars and correct shifted teeth.
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Skeletal maturity index
1. There are several methods to assess skeletal maturity including hand-wrist radiographs, cervical vertebrae shape assessment, and tooth development stages.
2. Hand-wrist radiographs can be assessed using the Greulich-Pyle atlas method or the Bjork, Grave, and Brown method which divides skeletal development into 9 stages.
3. Cervical vertebrae shape changes through 6 stages of maturation and can indicate how much growth remains.
4. Tooth development through 8 stages of calcification as shown in the Demirjian Index also corresponds to skeletal maturity.
Adult orthodontics
This document discusses adult orthodontics, including biological concepts, history, comparisons between adolescents and adults, objectives, classifications, adjunctive orthodontics, and comprehensive orthodontics. It covers topics like the periodontal ligament, bone, teeth, classifications of adult orthodontic treatment, objectives of treatment for adults, and procedures for adjunctive orthodontics including uprighting teeth, forced eruption, and aligning anterior teeth.
atraumatic restorative treatment
The document provides information on atraumatic restorative treatment (ART). Some key points:
- ART was developed in the 1980s in Tanzania as a minimally invasive approach to dental caries that aims to preserve tooth structure. It uses manual excavation and glass ionomer restoration to avoid anesthesia and expensive equipment.
- ART has several advantages, including being non-invasive and painless, making it highly acceptable to patients. It also releases fluoride and bonds to tooth structure.
- The principles of ART are removing carious lesions using hand instruments only and restoring the cavity with glass ionomer, which bonds to the tooth. This simplifies infection control compared to traditional rotary drills.
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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Removable appliances are orthodontic devices that can be removed by the patient for cleaning. They apply forces to teeth using springs, screws, and other mechanical components. Removable appliances have several advantages including being less conspicuous, allowing for cleaning, and treating simple malocclusions inexpensively. However, they also have disadvantages like only being able to move teeth one at a time, prolonging treatment duration. Common components include clasps and labial bows for retention and applying forces. Different types of clasps and labial bows exist to engage teeth and apply various movements. Springs are another active component that can apply different force systems depending on their design and properties.
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
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Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.Orthognathic surgery new microsoft power point presentation
Orthognathic surgery involves correcting dentofacial deformities through surgical procedures on the jaws and chin. It requires a combined surgical and orthodontic approach to achieve optimal results. Surgery is indicated for severe malocclusions that cannot be treated through orthodontics or growth modification alone. The decision to pursue surgery or camouflage treatment must be made before starting treatment, as the orthodontics differ significantly between the two approaches. Computer simulation can help patients understand treatment options and decide between camouflage and surgery.
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This document discusses preprosthetic surgery, which involves surgical procedures done prior to the construction of dentures to improve the denture foundation and ensure successful denture therapy. Some reasons for preprosthetic surgery include removing retained teeth/roots, smoothing uneven ridges, reducing tori or exostoses that could interfere with denture placement, and adjusting the mental foramen if resorption has caused sharp edges that could cause pain. Both non-surgical and surgical methods are discussed, including alveoloplasty to reshape ridges and remove undercuts or projections, as well as the importance of a thorough examination and developing a treatment plan with the patient.
early orthodonatic treatment - early treatment of impacted incisors
1. Early treatment for impacted maxillary incisors is important to encourage natural eruption through presurgical space opening and orthodontic intervention after surgery.
2. Spontaneous eruption of impacted teeth is unlikely without presurgical orthodontic space opening and postsurgical orthodontic forces to guide eruption.
3. The optimal treatment approach involves presurgical orthodontic space opening, closed eruption surgical exposure with attachment placement, and postsurgical orthodontic forces to accelerate eruption and alignment of the tooth.
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Scope of orthodontics
- 1. SCOPE OF ORTHODONTICS Presented by- Abhishek Agale. 4th yr.BDS Roll no. 02
- 2. CONTENT •Introduction •Alteration in tooth position •Alteration in skeletal pattern •Alteration in soft tissue patterns •Types of orthodontic treatment •Conclusion •Reference
- 3. INTRODUCTION Orthodontics is that branch of dentistry concerned with prevention, interception and correction of malocclusion and other abnormalities of dento-facial region.
- 4. SCOPE OF ORTHODONTICS Orthodontic treatment involves the three main tissue system concerned in dento-facial development, namely The dentition The skeleton & The facial and jaw musculature
- 5. ALTERATION IN TOOTH POSITION Orthodontic treatment is made possible by the fact that teeth can be moved throughout the bone to ideal location by applying appropriate force on them.
- 6. ALTERATION IN SKELETAL PATTERN Malocclusion may be associated with skeletal disharmony involving the jaw bones. Deviations from the normal can arises in size, position and relationship between these skeletal components. Orthodontist can bring about changes in all three planes of spaces i.e. sagittal, transverse, and vertical.
- 7. ALTERATION IN SOFT TISSUE PATTERN The soft tissue that envelop the dentition are greatly influenced by the placement of the dentition. It is possible to bring about favorable changes in the soft tissue pattern by orthodontic treatment.
- 8. TYPES OF ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT Types of orthodontic treatment we can even classify these as 1. Preventive orthodontics 2. Interceptive orthodontics 3. Corrective orthodontics 4. Surgical orthodontics
- 9. PREVENTIVE ORTHODONTICS “PREVENTION” is always better than cure. In this, procedure undertaken prior to the onset off malocclusion in anticipation of developing malocclusion. It can be defined as ‘action taken to preserve the integrity of what appears normal for the age’.
- 10. INTERCEPTIVE ORTHODONTICS It includes procedure that are undertaken at an early stage of malocclusion to eliminate or reduce the severity of the same. By undertaking appropriate interceptive procedures, it is possible to prevent establishment of full-fledged malocclusion that may require long term orthodontic treatment at later age.
- 11. CORRECTIVE ORTHODONTICS Orthodontic procedure undertaken to correct fully established malocclusion.
- 12. SURGICAL ORTHODONTICS They are surgical procedure that are undertaken in conjunction with or as an adjunct to orthodontic treatment. They are usually carried out to remove an etiological factor or to treat very severe dento-facial deformities that cannot be treated by orthodontic therapy
- 13. SUMMARY Orthodontics is the study that deals with alignment of teeth and jaws. It is the dental specialty that deals with diagnosis, prevention, interception, and correction of malocclusion, as well as neuromuscular and skeletal abnormalities of the developing or mature orofacial structures which can be treated by undertaking various methods.
- 14. REFERENCE orthodontics the art and science- S.I Bhalajhi 7th edition