Sage Atharvan discovered fire around 4000 BC by extracting it. Medhatithi designed the first bricks used to construct altars. Dirghatama was the first astronomer who defined units of time like the lunar and solar years. Susruta was the father of surgery who described over 125 surgical instruments and techniques in extensive detail. Kanada was the first to propose atomic theory and explore the relationship between cause and effect. Ancient Indian mathematicians and astronomers made significant contributions including calculating square roots and discovering the Pythagorean theorem centuries before Pythagoras. Vedic scriptures also contain early descriptions of fields like medicine, geometry, and chemistry showing India had a rich scientific heritage.
We guard the poor shores, Deep seas no one explores.
The research in India goes way back of BCE yet all we toil about now is the bigotry. One needs to reform to pay respect to the people who established the present era.
We as Indians have failed to understand the deep and real meaning of the holy Vedas and Hindu culture texts written by the great sages and our ancestors. Psychologically, if we look, any knowledge from our ancient times can be easily understood by adding some personal relevance around the subject to show it through storytelling, making it interesting and easy for the listener to remember. However, this concept given by our sages was not properly adopted by future generations, took only symbolic meaning without understanding it scientifically and due to lack of understanding of the original deep knowledge, a great blow was inflicted on the social, economic and spiritual spheres. Every knowledge, literature, concept written as some message is actually a deep scientific and technical concept, information about composition, medicine and surgery, advice on physical, mental and social health, nurturing and balancing of environment, life management and work management, political and economic considerations. The main objective was to create a socially, economically, spiritually healthy society so that the country and the world would progress at the same time with the theme “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam”.
Advances in science and technology are the main reason for the growth of human civilization. India has been contributing in the field of science and technology since ancient times. Even today what we call “traditional knowledge” is actually based on scientific reasoning.
Veer Savarkar wanted, “Not only a particular caste, but everyone should raise the standard of living by developing modern technology using Vedic literature”.
Lokmanya Tilak had a very in-depth study of Vedic knowledge, a treatise can be written on his knowledge.
Hindu ancestors, sages put this great knowledge not only on paper but at that time with great skill and design many concepts were practically implemented on the ground. We can see various temples, metalwork, architectural beauty, mathematics, surgical methods….
Physics
The German physicist Werner Heisenberg once said … “About Indian philosophy, some of the ideas of quantum physics that seemed so crazy suddenly became more meaningful”.
The concepts of atoms, molecules and substances can be traced back to the Vedic age. Moreover, the concepts of astronomy, metaphysics and spirituality are described in the Rig Veda, the ancient Hindu scriptures of the Vedic period.
Why have Indians built thousands, so incredibly architecturally amazing temples around the world? Were they rich enough to spend money on this venture?
Yes, their eternal Sanatan Hindu culture gave them wisdom, intelligence, hard work, spirituality and most importantly progress in the field of research, the purpose behind which was to make humanity prosperous and peaceful.
The German philosopher Gottfried von Herder once said, “The origin of mankind can be traced back to India where the human mind got its first shape of wisdom and virtue.”These copper plates absoBS
We guard the poor shores, Deep seas no one explores.
The research in India goes way back of BCE yet all we toil about now is the bigotry. One needs to reform to pay respect to the people who established the present era.
We as Indians have failed to understand the deep and real meaning of the holy Vedas and Hindu culture texts written by the great sages and our ancestors. Psychologically, if we look, any knowledge from our ancient times can be easily understood by adding some personal relevance around the subject to show it through storytelling, making it interesting and easy for the listener to remember. However, this concept given by our sages was not properly adopted by future generations, took only symbolic meaning without understanding it scientifically and due to lack of understanding of the original deep knowledge, a great blow was inflicted on the social, economic and spiritual spheres. Every knowledge, literature, concept written as some message is actually a deep scientific and technical concept, information about composition, medicine and surgery, advice on physical, mental and social health, nurturing and balancing of environment, life management and work management, political and economic considerations. The main objective was to create a socially, economically, spiritually healthy society so that the country and the world would progress at the same time with the theme “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam”.
Advances in science and technology are the main reason for the growth of human civilization. India has been contributing in the field of science and technology since ancient times. Even today what we call “traditional knowledge” is actually based on scientific reasoning.
Veer Savarkar wanted, “Not only a particular caste, but everyone should raise the standard of living by developing modern technology using Vedic literature”.
Lokmanya Tilak had a very in-depth study of Vedic knowledge, a treatise can be written on his knowledge.
Hindu ancestors, sages put this great knowledge not only on paper but at that time with great skill and design many concepts were practically implemented on the ground. We can see various temples, metalwork, architectural beauty, mathematics, surgical methods….
Physics
The German physicist Werner Heisenberg once said … “About Indian philosophy, some of the ideas of quantum physics that seemed so crazy suddenly became more meaningful”.
The concepts of atoms, molecules and substances can be traced back to the Vedic age. Moreover, the concepts of astronomy, metaphysics and spirituality are described in the Rig Veda, the ancient Hindu scriptures of the Vedic period.
Why have Indians built thousands, so incredibly architecturally amazing temples around the world? Were they rich enough to spend money on this venture?
Yes, their eternal Sanatan Hindu culture gave them wisdom, intelligence, hard work, spirituality and most importantly progress in the field of research, the purpose behind which was to make humanity prosperous and peaceful.
The German philosopher Gottfried von Herder once said, “The origin of mankind can be traced back to India where the human mind got its first shape of wisdom and virtue.”These copper plates absoBS
A presentation at workshop on'Integrating Spirituality and Mathematics' in INDIA MATHEMATICS YEAR 2009 jointly sponsered by FMS,DU and DRDOa powerpoint presentation ( NB :due credit and acknowledgements to material drawn from search engine and web resources)The edited concept of ppt. attempts to see 'Sri Yantra-a as DNA of Life'.The presentation tries to unveil the mystical and mathematical relationship of Sacred Geometry with LIFE ! Desire, (K)nowledge and Action make basis of life !
Samartha Bharat Parva is the celebration of Strength of India, observed from 25th December - the first day of Swami Vivekananda’s meditation on Rock in 1892 to 12th January – Swami Vivekananda’s birth anniversary.
http://www.vivekanandakendra.org
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
A presentation at workshop on'Integrating Spirituality and Mathematics' in INDIA MATHEMATICS YEAR 2009 jointly sponsered by FMS,DU and DRDOa powerpoint presentation ( NB :due credit and acknowledgements to material drawn from search engine and web resources)The edited concept of ppt. attempts to see 'Sri Yantra-a as DNA of Life'.The presentation tries to unveil the mystical and mathematical relationship of Sacred Geometry with LIFE ! Desire, (K)nowledge and Action make basis of life !
Samartha Bharat Parva is the celebration of Strength of India, observed from 25th December - the first day of Swami Vivekananda’s meditation on Rock in 1892 to 12th January – Swami Vivekananda’s birth anniversary.
http://www.vivekanandakendra.org
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
4. The Great Rishis
Rishi means ‘SEER’: The discoverer
Hindu Rishis were
– philosophers
– mathematicians
– scientists
They made fundamental discoveries
All reported in the great Vedic literature
5. The Puzzle
Books are written by
civilised people
Civilisations existed at
banks of rivers
Where is your river?
Aryan must have come
from outside India
Aryans - not a race. It
means ‘noble people’
River Saraswati
Now extinct but its path
has been traced by satellite
photography
Myth of Aryan invasion
has been smashed
6. Sage Atharvan: Discoverer of Fire
Rishi of Atharva Veda
4000 BC or even earlier
“The sage Atharvan extracted the
agni(fire)” - Rig VI-16-13
“The priests churn for agni as
was done by Atharvan” - Rig X-21-5
Prometheus = Pra + Mantha
In Sanskrit ‘by’ ‘Churning’
Greek mythology
says that Prometheus
stole fire from
heaven
7. Medhatithi : Designer of Bricks
Bricks (ishtaka) made to construct Yajna Kunds
Formulae for laying down of bricks-Yajur Veda (XIII)
There are specific names of many mechanical
processes and implements in the Vedas
Grinding, pounding, filtering, preserving
Wheel, axle, hook, spade, boiler, pressing
stone, mixing bowl, fuel, pitcher with 100
holes, weaving shuttle, drum, measuring tape
8. Dirghatama: The First
Astronomer
Realised the importance of having an era
Time determined by astronomical phenomenon
Vedic sages defined
– Lunar year 354 days
– Solar (Tropical) year 365 1/4 days
– Civil year 360 days
(21 days added every 4th year)
9. Dimensions of Yuga
“With the consonants they fill the nights, with the
vowels the days” - Aitareya Aranyaka
Verse Type Syllables No. of Verses Total
Brhati 36 12000 432000
Pankti 40 10800 432000
Kali yuga = 432000 syllables = 432000 years
Dwapara yuga = 2 x Kaliyuga = 864000 years
Tretaa yuga = 3 x Kaliyuga = 1296000 years
Sata yuga = 4 x Kaliyuga = 1728000 years
Total = Chaturyugi = 10 x kaliyuga = 4320000 years
One divine day = 1000 Chaturyugi = 4320 million years
Divine Day = Creation Divine Night = Dissolution
10. One God - 3 Metaphorical Forms
Kala Purusha (Time) - Omniscient
Veda Purusha (Knowledge) - Omnipresent
Yajna Purusha (Action) - Omnipotent
– Rig Veda X.90 and I.164
The Supreme Purusha on chariot with two yokes and 7 horses
Horses or sons = cycles of time = Kala, muhurta, dina, ardhamasa,
masa, rtu(season), caturmasa(quarter year)
2 Yokes = Solictice Uttarayana (summer) Dakshinayana (winter)
11. Discovery of Planets
‘Star’ and ‘aster’ come from Sanskrit ‘Str’
“He has studded the sky with constellations”
- Rig Veda I-68.5
Vamadeva identifies Jupiter (Brhaspati)
– Rig IV-50.4
Vena Bhargava identifies Venus
– Rig X-123.1
12. First Medicinal Plant Symposium
Date : 700 BC (2700 years ago)
Venue : Regions of Himalayas
Proceedings : Charaka Samhita
Organiser : Rishi Bhardvaja
“He taught the science of causes, symptoms
and medication- the tripartite science”
-Charaka Samhita I-24
13. Symposium on Man and Disease:
The Question
“What is the source of the
man and the disease?
Do both come from the
same source?
King Vamaka of Kashi
14. Pariksi Maudgalya
“Man is born of the
Spirit, likewise all
diseases are born of
the Spirit. The
Spirit is the source
of all”
15. Sage Saraloma
“No. The Spirit dislikes
pain. It would never on
its own accord yoke itself
to painful diseases. The
real cause is the mind
when its engrossed by
passion and ignorance”
16. Varyovida
“Mind by itself can’t
cause any thing.
Without a body,
there cannot be any
disease, not even the
mind. All life started
from water. Water is
the cause of all
diseases.”
17. Hiranyaksha
“Every thing does not depend on water. I am
aware of air-borne diseases. Man is the
result of the 5 physical elements and
consciousness.”
18. Sage Shaunaka
“How can you have the 5 elements and the
consciousness without a creator or a father
and mother? Therefore, parents are the
origin of both, the individual and the
disease.”
19. Bhadrakapya
“No. Blind are not born
of the blind. And you
cannot tell who the first
parents were. Creatures
are born of the merits
of action and from the
actions arise the
diseases.”
20. Rishi Bharadwaja
“I disagree. The doer always proceeds the
deed. Nature alone is the cause. Roughness
of the earth, fluidity of water, mobility of air
and heat of fire.”
21. Kankayana
“Effort or lack of
effort is not
determined by the
course of nature.
Brahmaa, the
Creator of the
universe, is the
source of all”
22. Aterya
“No. Brahmaa cannot give pain to his own
children. Evolution has taken place over
time. So time is the cause of creation of
Man and disease.”
23. Punarvasu’s Decision
“Truth is hard to find by taking
sides in a debate.
“The wholesome combination of
the physical elements gives rise to
the well being of Man.
Unwholesome combination leads
to disease”
Balanced elements = At ease with each other
Unbalanced elements = not at ease = dis +
ease = disease
Now known as the Ayur Veda
24. Susruta: Father of Surgery
125 surgical instruments made from steel
14 varieties of bandages
“Nil by Mouth” for abdominal operations
Use of antiseptics (mustard, nimba leaves etc)
Training of surgeons on dead animals and watermelon
Classified surgical operations into 8 kinds
– extraction,excising,incising,probing,scarifying,
suturing,puncturing and evacuating fluid
25. Types of Operations
Plastic and
Rhinoplastic
Transplanting skin
flaps
Cataract crouching
Hernia
Fractures and
dislocations
Removal of
Haemorrhoids
Caesarean
Alexendra’s invasion brought it to Greece
and then to rest of the Europe
26. Atreya Punarvasu: First Teacher
of Systematic Medicine
‘Charaka Samhita’ about 700 BC
Noted for the symposia on:
– Influences of Vata
– Origin of man and disease
– Taste and its enumeration
– Growth of foetal limbs
– Use of the emetic nut and dose of the anema
27. Origin of Medical Terminology
Modern Science
Dentistry Teeth
Osteopathy Bones
Geriatrics Old Age
Chiropody Feet
Dermatology Skin
Origin in Sanskrit
Dant dNt
Asthi aiS@|
Jeern jIR-
Charn cR-
Churm cRm
28. Kanada: First Expounder of Law
of Causation and Atomic Theory
Ten books known as ‘Vaisesika Darshana’
About 1900 years old
First to explore the relation between ‘Cause
and Effect’
Identified atoms (Parmanu) as the build
blocks of matter
Defined chemical action (Paka)
29. Great Mathematicians
Medhatithi- Extended numerals to billions
Aryabhata- laid foundations of Algebra
Lagadha - Rationalised Astronomy
Baudhayana - The first great Geometer
30. Science of Geometry
‘Sulbha Sutras’ - Sulb means to measure
Bodhyana’s sutras are 2800 years old
Used in the construction of altars for yajna
Discovered the Pythagorus theorem before
Pythagorus
Formula to draw a circle with same area of
a square
Computed square root of 2 = 1.414213
31. Pythagorus Theorem
“The diagonal of a rectangle produces area
which its length and breadth produce
separately” - BS I-I-48
a
b
c
a2 + b2 = c2
32. Transfer a Square into a Circle
“If you wish to circle a
square, draw half its
diagonal about its centre
towards the North-East
line; then describe a circle
together with the one-
third of that which lies
outside the square”
- BS I-I-58
N
W
33. Square Root of 2
“Increase the measure by its third part, and
again by the fourth part less by the thirty-
fourth part of itself” - BS I-61-2
D = a + a/3 + a/(3x4) - a/(3x4x34)
2 = 1 + 1/3 + 1/(3x4) - 1/(3x4x34) = 1.4142
34. Vedic Mathematics
The ‘Parisista’ (appendix section) of the
Atharva Veda contains 16 ‘Sutras’
(formulae) that turn difficult Mathematics
into simple and fun calculations.
The material is mostly based on ‘Vedic Mathematics’
by Sri Bharati Krishna Tirthaji of Govardan Pitha, we
are grateful to him for revealing the cryptic mysteries
of the Sutras.
36. Conclusions
Many branches of modern science
originated in India (Bharat)
There is not much awareness about this rich
heritage of India
Knowledge of Sanskrit is essential to
discover our own riches
37. Good News
You can learn Sanskrit by correspondence
course
4 stages of 10 lessons each leading to a
diploma
From Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan Manchester