This document discusses microorganisms and provides examples of different types of microorganisms like fungi, bacteria, algae, protozoa, and viruses. It explains that microorganisms are tiny living things that cannot be seen with the naked eye and can be found in soil, water, air, and inside living things. The document also discusses how some microorganisms are useful in producing foods like cheese and bread, medicines like penicillin, and organic fertilizers, while others can be harmful and cause diseases, food spoilage, and damage to plants.

1. Microorganisms..
Thivya Tharshini Sugumaran And Vedhasri Dhivakaran
Science Year 6

2. ~ Living things such as humans,animals,and plants can be
seen easily.Have you seen other living things such as the
ones shown in each circle above?These living things
cannot be seen with our naked eyes and can be found in
soil,water,and air,as well as in our bodies.What are these
living things??

3. What is MIcroorganisms ??
~ The word Microorganisms is a combination of the words
micro and organism.Micro means very small or tiny and
cannot be seen with the nakes eyes.Organism means
living thing.
~ MIcroorganisms have many types.

4. 1) Fungi ;
~ Fungi can be found in the air,water soil,and on other
living things.They survive by decomposing or breaking
down the objects they live on.The decomposed matter is
absorbed as nutrients.Fungi reproduce by producing
spores.Examples of fungi are Rhizopus,Penicillium,and
Mould.
~ Here is some photos about fungi.

5. Penicillium

6. Rhizopus ( bread mould )

7. Yeast

8. 2) Bacteria ;
~ Bacteria exist in spherical,rod or spiral form.They can be
found in soil,water,air and on other living things such as
humans,animals, and plants.They live by absorbing
nutrients from other living things.Examples
Spirillum,Streptococcus,Escherichia coli and Salmonella.

9. Spirillum

10. Salmonella

11. Escherichia coli

12. Streptococcus

13. 3) Algae ;
~ Algae has the characteristics of plants.They have
chlorophyll and can produce their own food through the
photosynthesis process.Examples are Chlorella,Volvox
and Chlamydomanas.

14. Chlorella

15. Volvox

16. Chlamydomonas

17. 4) Protozoa ;
~ Protozoa have the characteristics of animals because
they can move to find the food.They can mainly be found
in ponds,lakes,and rivers.Examples are Paramecium and
Amoeba.

18. Paramecium

19. Amoeba

20. 5) Virus ;
~ Viruses are the smallest microorganisms.They can only
live and reproduce when they are inside other living
things.viruses can only be seen using electron
microscopes.Examples are Bacteriophage,Influenza virus
and Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( HIV)

21. Bacteriophage

22. Influenza Virus

23. HIV Virus

24. Uses of Microorganisms..

25. ~ Did you know that bread is and fluffy because of the
actions of microorganisms? Some actions of
microorganisms by fungi,bacteria,algae, and platozoa are
useful to us.

26. Manufacture of food products..

27. Bacteria and Fungi are used to make a cheese.

28. Fungi are used to make tempeh,

29. Bacteria are used in manufactured yogurt.

30. Yeast is used to make bread and fermented rice.

31. Production of medicine…

32. Some Fungi are used to produce
Penicillin,an antibiotic which
prevents the growth of
harmful bacteria.

33. Some fungi,bacteria and
Viruses are used to produce
vaccines that stimulate the
Production of antibodies to
fight against harmful viruses.

34. Production of organic fertilisers..

35. Animal faeces mixed with sawdust is
decomposed by bacteria to produce organic
fertiliser.

36. Treatment of sewage..

37. Bacteria help the decomposition
process of faeces by breaking
down organic waste found in
sewage treatment plants.

38. Harmful Effects of Microorganisms..

39. ~ The actions of microorganisms also have harmful
effects…
~ How are the actions of microorganisms harmful to
us?Let’s see the examples how it is….

40. Cause food spoilage..

41. Fungi that grow on food cause food to turn bad.

42. Cause tooth decay..

43. Bacteria in the mouth produce
cold from sugar and food
particles.The acid causes tooth
decay.

44. Cause food poisoning...

45. Food poisoning can occur
due to the actions of
microorganisms such as
Salmonella through
contaminated sources.

46. Cause damage to plants..

47. Fungi that grow on leaves
can disrupt the process of
photosynthesis.

48. Cause infectious diseases..

49. Influenza..
Influenza is also known as flu.
It occurs when the body is
infected with the Influenza
virus.

50. Mumps..
Mumps is a type a disease
caused by viruses.It causes
swelling of the cheek and
neck.

51. Ringworm.. Ringworm is a skin infection
caused by fungi.

52. Measles..
Measles is a disease caused by virus.

53. Thank You !!!
#staysafe
#stayhealthy