1. SBM (G) in Bihar
An Introduction:
The Government of Bihar has adopted SBM (G) with a vision of ‘Swachh Bihar’ to make rural Bihar Open
Defecation Free (ODF) and clean by 2019. The Public Health Engineering Department (PHED) is responsible
for SBM (G) implementation in the State through Bihar State Water and Sanitation Mission (BSWSM).
Although, the earlier approach of the PHED was supply driven and focussed on construction of toilets
through Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), it had been increasingly realized that such an approach
was not successful in achieving the collective behaviour change required to motivate usage of toilets and
achieve ODF villages. Hence, a demand driven approach is proposed at the centre of rural sanitation
programme implementation in the State. In the light of revised SBM (G) guidelines, additional emphasis is
being given on awareness generation. Further, making communities ODF through collective behaviour
change is being seen as far more important than just building toilets.
To achieve the vision of ‘Swachh Bihar’, ‘sanitation for all’ has been the core agenda of Government of Bihar
(GoB). For holistic coverage, GoB complements National Sanitation Programme with the introduction of
Lohiya Swachhata Yojna (LSY), a State scheme on rural sanitation, to incentivise all those families, who were
not covered under National Sanitation Programmes. Bihar is the first State, where benefit of adopting
sustainable sanitation practices is extended to all the rural families.
But still the Progress is pathetic.
Target of Bihar for financial Year (2015-16)
IHHL Toilet Community Sanitary
Complex
SLWM
BPL APL identified APL others Total
1396756 1247320 193763 2837838 1286 1432
State has identified 1432 GPs for making ODF (Open defecation Free) for the year 2015-16.
1: Physical and Financial Progress of Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)
1.1 IHHL Progress: As per the Annual Action Plan 2015-16, the state performance in Individual Household Latrine
is 0.41%. Only 11 DWSCs have made achievement more than state average. The performance of DWSC
Gopalganj, Darbhanga, Nalanda, Pashchim Champaran, Jehanabad, Muzaffarpur and Purnea is below of 1%
of their target of the year.

2. Source: GoB
1.2 Financial Progress:
1.2.1 As per the Opening Balance of 2015-16, the average state expenditure status in Central Share is 4.24%.
Around 17 DWSCs are low performer in respected of State average. The performance of DWSC Patna,
Vaishali, Darbhanga, Madhubani, Katihar, Bhagalpur, Nawada, Sitamadhi, Madhepura, Sheohar, Gaya,
Lakhisarai, Buxar, Saran and Kishanganj is not actual; because they have either received the fund from DWSC
or transferred the fund as per the direction of State Mission. However, the Performance of DWSC
Samastipur, Pashchim Champaran, Nalanda, Muzaffarpur and Darbhanga need to be improved.
Source: GoB
1.2.2 As per the Opening Balance of 2015-16, the average state expenditure status in State Share is 0.97%. Only 13
DWSCs have made expenditure above the State average, rest are below of 1%. The DWSC Samastipur,
Paschim Champaran, Nalanda, Muzaffarpur and Darbhanga has not made any expenditure.
Source: GoB
Agenda 2: Physical and Financial Progress of Lohiya Swachhata Yojana

3. The Lohiya Swachhhata Yojana is the state plan scheme provides Rs. 4600 incentive support to those rural
APL families who are not eligible under Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) beneficiary criteria and living
without IHHL. Only DWSC Begusarai, Jamui, Khagaria and Munger have reported on the PHED IMIS, rest
DWSCs have not made any report to State.
DWSC IHHL Progress
BEGUSARAI 5100
JAMUI 750
KHAGARIA 0
PURNIA 2507
Agenda 3: Progress of Ganga Action Plan
By the instruction of MDWS, 308 Gram Panchayats in 12 districts of have been identified to make ODF by
March, 2016. The progress against the target is as below:
Sources: GoB
We still have a long way to go if we want to make Bihar ODF by 2nd
October, 2019. There is need to move
strategically with focus on strong implementation.
Arvind Kumar
Programme Officer (GSF- Project Bihar)
arvindk@nrmcindia.co.in