Satellite and TV.pptx

1. Satellite and Television
Prepared By: Arsalan Abdulla

2. Contents
• What is Satellite?
• Satellite Orbits
• What is Satellite TV.?
• DBS (Direct broadcast satellite)
• TVRO (TV Receive Only)
• Free to Air Channels
• Downlink and Uplink
• Satellite Transmission Bands

3. What is Satellite?
An artificial body placed in orbit around the earth or
another planet in order to collect information or for
communication. Usually, the word "satellite" refers to
a machine that is launched into space and moves
around Earth or another body in space.

4. Satellite Orbits
The path along which satellite moves in the space
around earth are called orbits.
A Satellite can move in three types of orbits:
a) Equatorial orbit (most useful orbit for
communication purposes )
b) Polar Orbit
c) Inclined Orbit

5. Types of Orbit
a.
c.
b.

6. What is Satellite TV.?
Satellite television is an electronic device that is
used to receive or transmit television broadcasts
from a communication satellite that is orbiting in
space.

7. • Satellite TV at the first place called direct broadcast
satellite (DBS) because it bypasses closed-circuit
television. it is immoveable.
• On the second place TV. receive-only (TVRO)
satellite systems have a large dish which is
movable.
• Closed-circuit television is transmitted by wire to a
limited number of people.

8. DBS
Direct broadcast satellite (DBS) refers
to satellite television (TV) systems in
which the subscribers, or end users,
receive signals directly from satellites.
DBS is the descendant of direct-to-
home (DTH) satellite services.

9. TVRO
TVRO stands for "TV Receive Only", The
term TVRO is used to describe both Free
To Air satellite and paid programming.
Free To Air satellite is unencrypted. TVRO
premium analog channels are encrypted
using Video Cipher II RS. TVRO premium
digital channels are encrypted using
Digicipher II.

10. Free to Air Channels
Free-To-Air, or FTA, channels are satellite television
channels that are not encrypted, therefore, available to
anyone who is able to receive them. FTA channels are not
provided by premium satellite companies. FTA channels
require subscribers to have a 30-inch satellite dish or
larger, but do not require the user to pay any monthly
fees.

11. Downlink
• Downlink is a term in telecommunications that is used
to refer to a data transmission in which data flows
from an orbital satellite receiver to a ground-based
transmitter.
• Downlink is often used in astronomy, radio science,
and telecommunications.

12. Uplink
• Uplink refers to a transmission of data from a ground-
based transmitter to an orbital satellite receiver. Uplink
is used to send data to a satellite in Earth’s orbit in
order to make changes to the way the satellite
functions or simply redirect data to another ground-
based receiver.
• Uplink is used in every application that involves the
use of an orbital satellite

13. Downlink and Uplink
• Downlink much less
expensive than the Uplink.

14. Satellite Transmission Bands
Satellite Band Downlink Frequency Uplink Frequency
C Band 3.7-4.2 GHz 5.925 – 6.425 GHz
Ku Band 11.7-12.2 GHz 14 – 14.5 GHz
Ka Band 17.7-21.2 GHz 27.5 – 31 GHz
Band are mostly used. It’s capacity is low and terrestrial
interference is problem. In Ku band, rain interference is the
problem. In Ka band, equipment needed to use the band is very
expensive.

15. What is LNB ?
The abbreviation LNB stands for Low
Noise Block. It is the device on the front
of a satellite dish that receives the very
low level microwave signal from the
satellite, amplifies it, changes the signals
to a lower frequency band and sends
them down the cable to the indoor
receiver.

16. Components of Satellite TV.

17. References
• https://www.techopedia.com/definition/9259/satellite-television-
satellite-tv
• https://www.xfinity.com/hub/tv-video/satellite-tv
• https://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/definition/direct-
broadcast-satellite
• http://www.geosats.com/learntvro.html
• http://www.tech-faq.com/what-is-tvro.html

18. Thank You