One of the first PowerPoints that I made when teaching theology. It is crazy. It has animations, links to further slides, and terrible graphics. But it is fun share and does give an accurate view of the history of Christianity. (Although the animations and links don't work in this slideshare.)
Deep religious pluralism, as understood by process theologians, provides a way toward friendship, mutual learning and mutual transformation among the world's great religious traditions.
Process theology provides a better way to think about how and why there is evil in the world. The core theological starting point in that God is not all-powerful but has a persuasive, loving power that is limited by the freedom inherent in the world.
One of the first PowerPoints that I made when teaching theology. It is crazy. It has animations, links to further slides, and terrible graphics. But it is fun share and does give an accurate view of the history of Christianity. (Although the animations and links don't work in this slideshare.)
Deep religious pluralism, as understood by process theologians, provides a way toward friendship, mutual learning and mutual transformation among the world's great religious traditions.
Process theology provides a better way to think about how and why there is evil in the world. The core theological starting point in that God is not all-powerful but has a persuasive, loving power that is limited by the freedom inherent in the world.
THE BIRTH OF CHRIST and the Initiatic Visionary ExperienceWilliam John Meegan
Part 1 of this paper is a detail analysis of the Birth of Christ as outlined in the New Testament and its supporting sources. It analyzes the three nativity account in Matthew, Luke and John. John gospel refers to the first word of Genesis and PART 2 of this paper analyzes the first word of GENESIS: BERESHITH, which leads to a further discussion of the Initiatic Visionary Experience as outline in the BIRTH OF CHRIST.
Medicine and Medical Technology in Biblical Perspective· As di.docxroushhsiu
Medicine and Medical Technology in Biblical Perspective
·
As discussed in Chapter 1, in the Christian worldview, the ultimate foundation for determining the right, the good, and the just is the triune God. The triune God is the ultimate foundation of reality, including ethics. Moral goodness and justice are derived from the very character of God. God is holy and set apart (Leviticus 20:26, English Standard Version), so people are to live lives of holiness and goodness. God is love (1 John 4:10–11), and so love is a virtue and an essential principle for life and relationships. Because God is just toward people (Deuteronomy 15:15), they are to act justly towards the poor, the sick, and the disenfranchised. People are to live in covenant faithfulness to their spouses and to honor covenantal relationships in their professions (e.g., the doctor-patient and nurse-patient relationship) because God is a covenant God, faithful to his people, even when they were unfaithful (Hosea 1–3; Malachi 2:10,14).
As discussed previously, all ethics flow from one’s worldview and its basic assumptions about ultimate reality. One’s view of human nature, the fundamental problem of humanity, the solution to that problem, and the ultimate direction and goal of history will determine personal ethics. Every worldview embodies these elements in some sense, and the substance of these elemental conceptions influences everyone’s moral vision. These assumptions deeply influence what one believes to be the right, the good, and the just, and they will direct, whether consciously or subconsciously, one’s individual daily choices and actions.
The Christian worldview, which is the focus of this text, is founded on the biblical narrative or story. This narrative is often summarized as the story of the creation, fall, redemption, and restoration of human beings, along with the entire created order (see Figure 3.1). This section will examine how key concepts within this narrative, such as sin, righteousness, and Shalom, provide a framework by which the Christian worldview understands the concepts of health and disease and life and death, as well as provides guiding norms for how one should approach healing and care-giving, the ethical use of medicine and new medical technologies, and justice in health care.
Figure 3.1
Biblical Narrative and Christian Worldview
Creation
The Christian narrative of creation is essential for both Christian theology and for Christian ethics. At the foundation of the biblical narrative is the Christian God who is the creator of everything that exists (Genesis 1–2). The most important aspects of the biblical view of creation are the following:
1. Nothing exists that does not have God as its creator (Colossians 1:16; Revelation 4:11).
2. There is a clear distinction between God and his creation (God transcends creation). At the same time God continues to be involved in every aspect of creation, providentially directing and guiding all things that come to .
THE BIRTH OF CHRIST and the Initiatic Visionary ExperienceWilliam John Meegan
Part 1 of this paper is a detail analysis of the Birth of Christ as outlined in the New Testament and its supporting sources. It analyzes the three nativity account in Matthew, Luke and John. John gospel refers to the first word of Genesis and PART 2 of this paper analyzes the first word of GENESIS: BERESHITH, which leads to a further discussion of the Initiatic Visionary Experience as outline in the BIRTH OF CHRIST.
Medicine and Medical Technology in Biblical Perspective· As di.docxroushhsiu
Medicine and Medical Technology in Biblical Perspective
·
As discussed in Chapter 1, in the Christian worldview, the ultimate foundation for determining the right, the good, and the just is the triune God. The triune God is the ultimate foundation of reality, including ethics. Moral goodness and justice are derived from the very character of God. God is holy and set apart (Leviticus 20:26, English Standard Version), so people are to live lives of holiness and goodness. God is love (1 John 4:10–11), and so love is a virtue and an essential principle for life and relationships. Because God is just toward people (Deuteronomy 15:15), they are to act justly towards the poor, the sick, and the disenfranchised. People are to live in covenant faithfulness to their spouses and to honor covenantal relationships in their professions (e.g., the doctor-patient and nurse-patient relationship) because God is a covenant God, faithful to his people, even when they were unfaithful (Hosea 1–3; Malachi 2:10,14).
As discussed previously, all ethics flow from one’s worldview and its basic assumptions about ultimate reality. One’s view of human nature, the fundamental problem of humanity, the solution to that problem, and the ultimate direction and goal of history will determine personal ethics. Every worldview embodies these elements in some sense, and the substance of these elemental conceptions influences everyone’s moral vision. These assumptions deeply influence what one believes to be the right, the good, and the just, and they will direct, whether consciously or subconsciously, one’s individual daily choices and actions.
The Christian worldview, which is the focus of this text, is founded on the biblical narrative or story. This narrative is often summarized as the story of the creation, fall, redemption, and restoration of human beings, along with the entire created order (see Figure 3.1). This section will examine how key concepts within this narrative, such as sin, righteousness, and Shalom, provide a framework by which the Christian worldview understands the concepts of health and disease and life and death, as well as provides guiding norms for how one should approach healing and care-giving, the ethical use of medicine and new medical technologies, and justice in health care.
Figure 3.1
Biblical Narrative and Christian Worldview
Creation
The Christian narrative of creation is essential for both Christian theology and for Christian ethics. At the foundation of the biblical narrative is the Christian God who is the creator of everything that exists (Genesis 1–2). The most important aspects of the biblical view of creation are the following:
1. Nothing exists that does not have God as its creator (Colossians 1:16; Revelation 4:11).
2. There is a clear distinction between God and his creation (God transcends creation). At the same time God continues to be involved in every aspect of creation, providentially directing and guiding all things that come to .
Essay Personal Worldview
Personal Worldview Essay
Personal Worldview Essay
My Personal Worldview Paper
My Personal Worldview
Personal Worldview Essay
Personal Worldview Essay
Personal Worldview
Personal Worldviews
Religion and ScienceBy Albert Einstein(The following article b.docxdebishakespeare
Religion and Science
By Albert Einstein
(The following article by Albert Einstein appeared in the New York Times Magazine on
November 9, 1930 pp 1-4. It has been reprinted in Ideas and Opinions, Crown
Publishers, Inc. 1954, pp 36 - 40. It also appears in Einstein's book The World as I See
It, Philosophical Library, New York, 1949, pp. 24 - 28.)
Everything that the human race has done and thought is concerned with the satisfaction
of deeply felt needs and the assuagement of pain. One has to keep this constantly in
mind if one wishes to understand spiritual movements and their development. Feeling
and longing are the motive force behind all human endeavor and human creation, in
however exalted a guise the latter may present themselves to us. Now what are the
feelings and needs that have led men to religious thought and belief in the widest sense
of the words? A little consideration will suffice to show us that the most varying
emotions preside over the birth of religious thought and experience. With primitive man
it is above all fear that evokes religious notions - fear of hunger, wild beasts, sickness,
death. Since at this stage of existence understanding of causal connections is usually
poorly developed, the human mind creates illusory beings more or less analogous to
itself on whose wills and actions these fearful happenings depend. Thus one tries to
secure the favor of these beings by carrying out actions and offering sacrifices which,
according to the tradition handed down from generation to generation, propitiate them or
make them well disposed toward a mortal. In this sense I am speaking of a religion of
fear. This, though not created, is in an important degree stabilized by the formation of a
special priestly caste which sets itself up as a mediator between the people and the
beings they fear, and erects a hegemony on this basis. In many cases a leader or ruler or
a privileged class whose position rests on other factors combines priestly functions with
its secular authority in order to make the latter more secure; or the political rulers and the
priestly caste make common cause in their own interests.
The social impulses are another source of the crystallization of religion. Fathers and
mothers and the leaders of larger human communities are mortal and fallible. The desire
for guidance, love, and support prompts men to form the social or moral conception of
God. This is the God of Providence, who protects, disposes, rewards, and punishes; the
God who, according to the limits of the believer's outlook, loves and cherishes the life of
the tribe or of the human race, or even or life itself; the comforter in sorrow and
unsatisfied longing; he who preserves the souls of the dead. This is the social or moral
conception of God.
The Jewish scriptures admirably illustrate the development from the religion of fear to
moral religion, a development continued in the New Testament. The religions of all
civilized peoples, especially the peoples of the ...
Religion and Science By Albert Einstein (The following a.docxaudeleypearl
Religion and Science
By Albert Einstein
(The following article by Albert Einstein appeared in the New York Times Magazine on
November 9, 1930 pp 1-4. It has been reprinted in Ideas and Opinions, Crown
Publishers, Inc. 1954, pp 36 - 40. It also appears in Einstein's book The World as I See
It, Philosophical Library, New York, 1949, pp. 24 - 28.)
Everything that the human race has done and thought is concerned with the satisfaction
of deeply felt needs and the assuagement of pain. One has to keep this constantly in
mind if one wishes to understand spiritual movements and their development. Feeling
and longing are the motive force behind all human endeavor and human creation, in
however exalted a guise the latter may present themselves to us. Now what are the
feelings and needs that have led men to religious thought and belief in the widest sense
of the words? A little consideration will suffice to show us that the most varying
emotions preside over the birth of religious thought and experience. With primitive man
it is above all fear that evokes religious notions - fear of hunger, wild beasts, sickness,
death. Since at this stage of existence understanding of causal connections is usually
poorly developed, the human mind creates illusory beings more or less analogous to
itself on whose wills and actions these fearful happenings depend. Thus one tries to
secure the favor of these beings by carrying out actions and offering sacrifices which,
according to the tradition handed down from generation to generation, propitiate them or
make them well disposed toward a mortal. In this sense I am speaking of a religion of
fear. This, though not created, is in an important degree stabilized by the formation of a
special priestly caste which sets itself up as a mediator between the people and the
beings they fear, and erects a hegemony on this basis. In many cases a leader or ruler or
a privileged class whose position rests on other factors combines priestly functions with
its secular authority in order to make the latter more secure; or the political rulers and the
priestly caste make common cause in their own interests.
The social impulses are another source of the crystallization of religion. Fathers and
mothers and the leaders of larger human communities are mortal and fallible. The desire
for guidance, love, and support prompts men to form the social or moral conception of
God. This is the God of Providence, who protects, disposes, rewards, and punishes; the
God who, according to the limits of the believer's outlook, loves and cherishes the life of
the tribe or of the human race, or even or life itself; the comforter in sorrow and
unsatisfied longing; he who preserves the souls of the dead. This is the social or moral
conception of God.
The Jewish scriptures admirably illustrate the development from the religion of fear to
moral religion, a development continued in the New Testament. The religions of all ...
Religion and Science By Albert Einstein (The following a.docxcarlt4
Religion and Science
By Albert Einstein
(The following article by Albert Einstein appeared in the New York Times Magazine on
November 9, 1930 pp 1-4. It has been reprinted in Ideas and Opinions, Crown
Publishers, Inc. 1954, pp 36 - 40. It also appears in Einstein's book The World as I See
It, Philosophical Library, New York, 1949, pp. 24 - 28.)
Everything that the human race has done and thought is concerned with the satisfaction
of deeply felt needs and the assuagement of pain. One has to keep this constantly in
mind if one wishes to understand spiritual movements and their development. Feeling
and longing are the motive force behind all human endeavor and human creation, in
however exalted a guise the latter may present themselves to us. Now what are the
feelings and needs that have led men to religious thought and belief in the widest sense
of the words? A little consideration will suffice to show us that the most varying
emotions preside over the birth of religious thought and experience. With primitive man
it is above all fear that evokes religious notions - fear of hunger, wild beasts, sickness,
death. Since at this stage of existence understanding of causal connections is usually
poorly developed, the human mind creates illusory beings more or less analogous to
itself on whose wills and actions these fearful happenings depend. Thus one tries to
secure the favor of these beings by carrying out actions and offering sacrifices which,
according to the tradition handed down from generation to generation, propitiate them or
make them well disposed toward a mortal. In this sense I am speaking of a religion of
fear. This, though not created, is in an important degree stabilized by the formation of a
special priestly caste which sets itself up as a mediator between the people and the
beings they fear, and erects a hegemony on this basis. In many cases a leader or ruler or
a privileged class whose position rests on other factors combines priestly functions with
its secular authority in order to make the latter more secure; or the political rulers and the
priestly caste make common cause in their own interests.
The social impulses are another source of the crystallization of religion. Fathers and
mothers and the leaders of larger human communities are mortal and fallible. The desire
for guidance, love, and support prompts men to form the social or moral conception of
God. This is the God of Providence, who protects, disposes, rewards, and punishes; the
God who, according to the limits of the believer's outlook, loves and cherishes the life of
the tribe or of the human race, or even or life itself; the comforter in sorrow and
unsatisfied longing; he who preserves the souls of the dead. This is the social or moral
conception of God.
The Jewish scriptures admirably illustrate the development from the religion of fear to
moral religion, a development continued in the New Testament. The religions of all.
THE CHALLENGE FOR MODERN-DAY UNITARIANS AND UNIVERSALISTS: RECLAIMING THE SAC...Dr Ian Ellis-Jones
An Address Delivered on 4 October 2009 at the Biennial Conference of the Australian and New Zealand Unitarian Universalist Association (ANZUUA) held at The Centre, Randwick, New South Wales - Copyright Ian Ellis-Jones 2009 - All Rights Reserved.
Introduction the Development of PhilosophySocrates ( the unexamTatianaMajor22
Introduction the Development of Philosophy
Socrates ( "the unexamined life is not worth living"
Demonstrate knowledge on:
What is Philosophy?
The noun philosophy means the study of proper behavior, and the search for wisdom. The original meaning of the word philosophy comes from the Greek roots philo-meaning "love" and -sophos, or "wisdom." ... In other words, they want to know the meaning of life.
Watch Video: What is Philosophy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nRG-rV8hhpU
What is Ethics?
Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct. ... Ethics seeks to resolve questions of human morality by defining concepts such as good and evil, right and wrong, virtue and vice, justice and crime.
View Video: What is Ethics https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3_t4obUc51A
4,200 religions
According to some estimates, there are roughly 4,200 religions in the world. The word religion is sometimes used interchangeably with "faith" or "belief system", but religion differs from private belief in that it has a public aspect.
List of Religions and Spiritual Traditions -
https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › List_of_religions_and_spiritual_traditions
Forms of Religious Belief : Monotheism, Atheism, Polytheism, Agnostic
A. Monotheism The term monotheism comes from the Greek monos, (one) and theos (god). Thus, monotheism is the belief in the existence of a single god.
B. Polytheism which is a belief in many gods
C. Atheism An atheist doesn't believe in a god or divine being. ...
D. Agnostic an agnostic neither believes nor disbelieves in a god or religious doctrine. Agnostics assert that it's impossible for human beings to know anything about how the universe was created and if divine beings exist. They are open to the possibility of a divine being an atheist is not open to such a possibility.
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Two Types of Religions/Historical and Mythological Religions
Mythological Religion Mythology is the main component of Religion. It refers to systems of legends and stories and concepts that are of high importance to a certain community, making statements concerning the supernatural or sacred. Religion is the broader term, besides mythological system, it includes ritual. A given mythology is almost always associated with a certain religion such as Greek mythology with Ancient Greek religion. Disconnected from its religious system, a myth may lose its immediate relevance to the community and evolve—away from sacred importance—into a legend or folktale.
Historical Religions can be traced back in history to actual people, places and events which are documented in history and archeology. Information about the teachings and life situation of Jesus, Mohammed, Moses, The Jewish Prophets can be found in historical records.
Religious Theory Philosophy( Ethics based on a Religious teaching) Religious philosophy is ...
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptx
SALVATION FILE.docx
1. Why was he tortured? Enumerate the mistakes he did according to the Jewish
authorities.
According to Jewish authorities, Jesus transforms faith from physical to spiritual,
and he was caught for the first time by Jewish officials after criticizing the excess
he saw on exhibit in the Jewish temple during Jerusalem's Passover.
Instead of entering into the temple or building, Jesus transforms it into the body
of humanity. So, if God's people are the temple, it follows that God
communicates with the rest of the world thru people.
Because He realized that many rules are complex, Jesus summarized the law
and simplified it into two.
Jesus encouraged his followers to uphold the law unwaveringly. He did not
precisely follow the law and even contradicted contemporary views on several
elements of it.
According to Jewish leaders, Jesus is not the Christ since their description of
Christ is powerful and has not yet appeared.
Explain based on your understanding the effect to the world of just a drop of
blood of the Christ touching the ground during his crucifixion.
The impact of a drop of Christ's blood touching the ground during his crucifixion
on the world is that it CLEANS the world of all bad and negative things, and
people no longer view things as enemies, and everyone is open and inclusive to
one another. And as a result of that drop of blood, EVERYTHING IS CLEAN
AND CAN BE USE. The blood of God is important to whole world because it is
CREATOR while the whole world is the CREATION.
2. Describe just one (1) Christian traditional festivities/celebrations that is related to
the story in the video (Lesson 3) you have seen.
One of the Christian traditional festivities or celebration that is related to the story
in the video is “Jesus the Christ Nativity/ Birth” or “Christmas Day”. The Bible
describes Christ's birth in the New Testament Gospels of Matthew and Luke.
Christians differ about the narratives' validity, with some seeing them as
conveying religious truths but not historic events. For billions of Christians and
non-Christians alike, the event holds enormous religious and cultural importance.
This celebration serves as a reminder that most Christian holidays are based on
a specific moment or event in Jesus' life. These holidays assist Christians in
remembering the religious significance of these occasions. The Birth of Jesus
reveals to us God's Truth and Grace, His True Nature, and the Word Became
Flesh and Dwelt among Us.
Theology
-is a philosophically oriented discipline of religious speculation and apologetics
-it is traditionally in differing restrictions, because of its origins and format and because of its
themes
-world religions to include; Christianity, Islam and Judaism are with themes of God, humanity,
the world, salvation, and eschatology (the study of last times).
Nature of Theology
The concept of theology that is applicable as a science in all religions and that is therefore
neutral is difficult to distill and determine.
The problem lies in the fact that, theology as a concept had its origins in the tradition of the
ancient Greeks, and later obtained its content and method within Christianity.
Theology thus became significant as the means of proclaiming the gods, of confessing to them,
and of teaching and “preaching." This practice of “theology” by the Greeks lies the prefiguration
of what later would be known as theology in history.
In spite of all the contradictions and nuances that were to emerge in the understanding of this
concept, schools of thought, with a formal criterion remains constant: theology is the attempt of
adherents to faith representing their statements of belief consistently, to explicate them out of
the basis (or fundamentals) of their faith, and to assign to such statements their specific place
within the context of all other worldly relations (e.g., nature and history) and spiritual processes
(e.g., reason and logic).
3. PERSONAL god is a god who has self-awareness and listens to people’s requests, answering
these requests by either refusing to act on them, or granting those requests in the form of
intervention (which may take the form of miracles or spiritual strengthening).
IMPERSONAL god is a god who created the Universe according to an intelligent plan, but no
longer intervenes in the events of that Universe (i.e., doesn’t respond to individual, personal
requests, prayers etc., doesn’t perform miracles, doesn’t talk to individuals).
As an analogy:
PERSONAL god can be explained as a strict parent who expects the children to ACHIEVE
something in their life. It’s the parent who says: “I have spent so much money/time/effort to get
you to good schools, to send you to all the sport clubs, to give you all the toys and play sets
which were supposed to awaken your curiosity; I expect you to find a good, well paying job, find
a good, family-oriented spouse, have children, build a home, plant a tree, become wealthy, do
something with your life!”
IMPERSONAL god is a scientist in a laboratory who prepares five thousand Petri dishes with
different versions of a potential cure, and then injects all those dishes with the same “threat”
(disease etc.) - and then observes which of those Petri dishes will be able to deal with the threat
the best. No amount of prayer, or artworks, or societal advances by the life-forms in those Petri
dishes will matter - the only thing the scientist cares about is whether the lifeforms in those
dishes manage to eliminate the threat.
Views of the Origin of the Universe, Earth, and Life
Many religious persons, including many scientists, hold that God created the universe and the
various processes driving physical and biological evolution and that these processes then
resulted in the creation of galaxies, our solar system, and life on Earth.
This belief, which sometimes is termed "theistic evolution," is not in disagreement with
scientific explanations of evolution. Indeed, it reflects the remarkable and inspiring character of
the physical universe revealed by cosmology, paleontology, molecular biology, and many other
scientific disciplines.
The advocates of "creation science" hold a variety of viewpoints. Some claim that Earth and the
universe are relatively young, perhaps only 6,000 to 10,000 years old. These individuals often
believe that the present physical form of Earth can be explained by "catastrophism," including a
worldwide flood, and that all living things (including humans) were created miraculously,
essentially in the forms we now find them.
Other advocates of creation science are willing to accept that Earth, the planets, and the stars
may have existed for millions of years. But they argue that the various types of organisms, and
especially humans, could only have come about with supernatural intervention, because they
show "intelligent design."
4. The image of God is His Holiness
Holiness is more than being good and morally upstanding.
When referring to the image of God or His holiness, definition takes on a much richer meaning.
God's holiness is His defining characteristics as known about Him by believers. The holiness of
God is a term used to describe both His goodness and His power.
It is completely unique, and utterly very powerful, radiating out from God like a perfect energy.
In fact, God's holiness is so overwhelming, that it can actually be so difficult or nearly impossible
for humans to follow being created into this image.
Our Likeness to God is our intelligence.
LIKENESS, is SIMILARITY, SIMILITUDE,and ANALOGY, meaning agreement or
correspondence in details. LIKENESS implies a closer correspondence than SIMILARITY which
often implies that things are merely somewhat alike. SIMILITUDE applies chiefly to
correspondence between abstractions. ANALOGY implies likeness or parallelism in relations
rather than in appearance or qualities.
When fully in God's LIKENESS, we will be able to fulfill our awesome responsibility of exercising
dominion over, of assisting Him in managing, the vastness of His creation.
Participation
As God creatively conceived and communicated his own being through the act of
creation which brought forth something from nothing, he imbued creation with his
divine attributes, orienting it toward the good, the true, and the beautiful.
As children of God, we too have been given capacity for creative reason and self-
expression. Although unable to create from nothing, we create by working with
pre-existing elements. In so doing, we participate in God’s creativeness and have
the opportunity to further the good, the true, and the beautiful in our own lives and
the world.
As people of God, we are called to be pro-active co-creators with God, who are
nonetheless also aware that the extent of our creativity has limits and is really a
sharing in God’s own creativity.
5. We experience a certain fullness of our interaction with the world around us, as
well as of our own relationship with God when we are able to contain and nurture
within us the tension between our creative ability and the awareness of our
limitations, thus bringing the fullness of ourselves forward while at the same
time knowing that we are not self-sufficient, but rely also upon that which is
brought forth by others and ultimately, that which is outside the bounds of human
control.
And yet, even when we cannot control certain circumstances and outcomes, we do
still have within us both freedom and creativity and therefore have a say in how
we interact and grow when faced with such circumstances. It is for good reason
that St. Paul assures us that all things work for the good of those who love
God. Even when we cannot control certain things in life, we can channel our
thoughts and choices regarding how we interact and grow from such
circumstances. When we use our capacity for creativity to this end, we give glory
to God our Creator and live more fully our own humanity.
Saving actions of God in Jewish history
The Deuteronomist proclaims: Yes, there will be complex problems in our new
civil society, but here are the systems and forms of leadership that will enable us
to overcome them.
The establishment of a working multilayered system of communal leadership is
the genius of the Deuteronomist.
Judges, kings, priests, and prophets separately and together are needed in order
to allow for the Israelites to create the kind of society worthy of their history and
their destiny.
Judges and justice: Establishing and maintaining just courts is foundational to
creating a just society. "Judges," as it is aptly called, begins by clarifying the
inherent ethics of the judges themselves in who they are and how they adjudicate.
We need judges who will not pervert justice, who will not succumb to bribes to be
appointed (Deut 16:18-19). But even with the right judges in place, rebellion and
perversion will likely ensue in society. The Deuteronomist accepts this as part of
the human social condition and seeks to create ways of diminishing its negative
impact on innocent people. But judges, while necessary as a single system of
leadership, will not be enough to maintain a civil society.
Royalty is from God: A second and crucial category of leadership emerges
here—kings. This kind of ruler was something foreign and yet necessary for the
Israelites. A king was necessary for ancient sovereignty, and for military and
political leadership. But unlike Egyptian kings, an Israelite king was expected to
know and apply the laws of the Torah, not to become the law itself nor to be an
6. absolute ruler himself. In fact, because of the potential power of a king, choosing
one was thought to be too weighty for the Israelites to elect or select themselves,
and therefore God must choose him. The Israelites—indeed, all human
societies—are constantly challenged to recognize and remember that the power
of a human being can never be absolute (Deut. 17:14-20).
In addition, the king couldn’t just be a powerful ruler, he must also meet clear
requirements for what were at the time considered to be ethical standards: not the
standards of surrounding nations, but Jewish ethical standards (Rambam on Deut
17:15). A Jewish civil society needs ethical political leadership.
Priestly power: A religion based on sacrificial practices will need priests to
officiate and pass on sacred codes and modes of serving God. Accepting
sacrifices and receiving the gifts of the people three times a year were essential
for maintaining a connection to the sacred and to history. They too, the
commentators tell us, needed to be reminded not to abuse their power.
Religious critics: And what about the prophets? Those who are sensitive to
abuses of power, brave in spirit, and charismatic will become the religious critics
of society. All societies need to be accountable to uphold their own values and
standards. Otherwise, the Israelite rulers and all people become blind. We los e
track of what’s most important, we turn a blind eye to the innocent suffering in our
midst, and most often, we ignore our own failings.
TO MAKE MISTAKES ARE NATURAL
BUT EVERYTHING NATURAL IS GOOD
THEREFORE TO MAKE MISTAKE IS GOOD
In not less than 100 words, explain how you understand the argument.
Making mistakes is normal/natural since we are human beings designed not to be
perfect but to be good. We are human beings living in a world full of mistakes, but this
does not mean that making mistakes is bad. This mistake that we made taught us
lessons that we might perhaps apply to reality and our daily lives. However, that mistake
is regarded positive if you rectify the faults you made, but it is considered terrible or bad
if you accept and tolerate the mistakes you made. Mistake is not a terrible thing, but it is
in the midst. Making a mistake, then, is a positive or good thing since it teaches us and
makes us human.
7. Explain how the ancient law became so complicated like the Hebrew "Ten
Commandments" or Judaic Law, from which the ten (10) became more than six hundred
(600+) laws.
Because of civilization, ancient law became so complicated that each commandment
contains more than ten rules, for a total of 634 laws. When the judges arrived, a lot of
things happened; numerous laws were enacted, and sin existed. Furthermore, a
monarchy government governed by a king with economic, military, and political
leadership arises, and crimes are committed as a result of the theocratic government's
appearance. The human body is limited by certain rules, and they must behave
accordingly.
In one hundred words compare "THE CHRIST" of the Jews to "THE CHRIST" of the
Christians.
The Jews are still waiting for “THE CHRIST”, and their criterion for being a Christ comes
from the King and Queen, a strong and wealthy family, particularly a Prince. Jews also
believe that Jesus is not the Christ, and that the Christ will arrive soon, which is still a
major question mark for them. Another reason people didn't think Jesus was Christ was
because of His socioeconomic level, as He was the son of a carpenter, an average
person, a teacher, and a humble guy. Whereas, “THE CHRIST” of a Christian, they
believe that the birth of Jesus is the answer to all questions, which most prophesies that
were written or taught by profits a long time ago. They embraced Jesus as the Christ
because He was born of original sin through the Virgin Birth (Immaculate Concepcion).
Explain why the human being is called the masterpiece of God.
Human beings are called to be God's masterpiece because they were made in
His image and likeness, and because humans are the ones who engage in all
that God possesses. We participate in all of God's qualities or attributes, yet ours
is not perfect. So we must accept the challenge of acting in accordance with our
nature. God has numerous attributes such as being truthful, omniscient, merciful,
and powerful, love, beauty, omnipresence, and these attributes encourage us to
be good and have SOME of those attributes. We, human beings, are God's
masterpiece because He wants us to be like Him and always be nice everyday.
8. Explain why faith experience makes the many different pictures, accounts,
descriptions and images of God.
As can be seen, there are many, often contradictory, explanations of the
relationship between experience and doctrine or standards of theological
authority in evangelical philosophy. However, faith is an act that
presupposes religious experience. Our view on the image of our Gods
varies depending on who we connect with and who we surround ourselves
with. Furthermore, the religions we lived and belonged with, that
influences us and has a bigger impact on how we view things. Because
the more faith experiences you have and continue to have, the more your
faith in the Lord grows. Even though you cannot see God, you are aware
that He exists. The experience cannot be proven, but the individual will be
convinced of its veracity. It might result in a significant shift in behavior or
attitude on life.
In not less than 100 words, describe some manifestations about the evolution of
humanity.
Some manifestation about the evolution of humanity is the size in terms of height,
the pre-historic man is much smaller than us and it around 3 feet only but now
the modern individuals height is around 5 feet above and that is because of the
climatic condition. Another manifestation about the evolution of humanity is size
of the brain, the pre-historic man has a smaller brain which is limited only for
fishing, hunting, gathering and cooking while the modern man have a bigger
brain because it has may function that divided into three periods which is the
Ancient, Medieval and Modern period and it has a different way of education, the
individuals can go to school at the age of 17 years old in Ancient, 12 years old in
Medieval and 7 years old in Modern Period which result to our intelligence.
Moreover, is also the size of the head, the pre-historic man had a big jaw and a
powerful teeth because it is use to survive in order to eat, while in the modern
individual we are more dependent into a tools that’s why we have weak jaw and
teeth. Lastly, in terms of muscles, the pre-historic man had more muscles and
has a huge body system. Over a period of time we can actually compare some of
the manifestations about the evolution of humanity both pre-historic and modern
man and many things had changed.
9. Describe the difference of the following;
1) The law in the old covenant and the law in the new covenant
The old covenant's law is written in words in paper in a book or tablet. The
law of the new covenant is written not in words or letters, but in the hearts
of people. Life was made simpler and free of the agony of remembering
and breaking so many written regulations. The law of the old covenant is
tougher because there are many types of commandments and their
actions are limited, however the new covenant has freedom to do anything
they want since rules are limited and not many.
2) The Ten Commandments and the Great Commandment
The distinction between the Ten Commandments and the Great
Commandments is that the Ten Commandments are made up of Ten
Commandments multiplied by 60, which is why people are limited in their
freedom since there are so many laws to obey. While the Great
Commandments are Jesus' invention, He made it simple and He
summarized because He understood that many rules were difficult, and it
consists only of two parts: the first four commandments teach you what it
means to love God, and the latter six commandments teach you what it
means to love your neighbor.