The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is an intergovernmental organization of 8 countries of South Asia. SAARC was founded in 1985 in Dhaka with the goal of promoting economic and regional cooperation. Its secretariat is located in Kathmandu, Nepal. Key issues addressed by SAARC include poverty alleviation, education, culture, sports, and critical areas like connectivity between member states. However, SAARC faces challenges like political instability, lack of trust between members, and the strained relationship between India and Pakistan. India plays a dominant role in SAARC given its large size and economy.

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NAME:ANISHA SINGH
BATCH:EVENING
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2. The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is the
regional intergovernmental organization and geopolitical union of states in South
Asia. Its member states are Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India,
the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. SAARC comprises 3% of the world's area,
21% of the world's population and 3.8% (US$2.9 trillion) of the global economy, as of
2015.
SAARC was founded in Dhaka on 8 December 1985. Its secretariat is based
in Kathmandu, Nepal. The organization promotes development of economic
and regional integration. It launched the South Asian Free Trade Area in
2006.[6] SAARC maintains permanent diplomatic relations at the United Nations as an
observer and has developed links with multilateral entities, including the European
Union.
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WHO IS THE FATHER OF SAARC?
Ziaur Rahman is known as the father of SAARC. SAARC stands
for South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation.
WHO MADE SAARC LOGO & WHAT DOES MEAN ?
This logo was designed by one of the famous artist from
Nepal, Shailendra Kumar Maharjan.
The motto was 'Deeper Integration for Peace and
Prosperity'. The legal permission on SAARC Satellite Scheme
in this summit. The scheme will be developed in all member
nations except Bangladesh and Pakistan.
WHAT IS MOTTO OF SAARC?
SAARC means South Asian Association for Regional Co-Operation.
... The SAARC logo shows two hands joining together. There are
seven doves in between the two hands. The two hands symbolize
friendship and goodwill. Seven doves represent the seven member
nations seeking peace.

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THE SAARC Secretariat is supported by following Regional Centers
established in Member States to promote regional co- operation
a) SAARC Agriculture Center (SAC),Dhaka
b) SAARC Metrological Research center(SMRC), Dhaka
,Bangladesh
c) SAARC Tuberculosis and HIV /AIDS center(STAC) Kathmandu
,Nepal
d) SAARC Documentation Center(SDC)New Delhi ,India
e) SAARC Human Resources Development Center(SHRDC)
Islamabad , Pakistan .
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•Improve their quality of life & welfare
•To accelerate Economic Growth , social progress and Cultural
Development
•Contribute to mutual trust and understanding
•Strengthen cooperation among themselves & other Developing
Countries .
• SAARC also looks in critical areas Poverty ,Education ,Cultural
,Sport’s &Arts .

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Secretariat is in Kathmandu Nepal on 1987
The Secretariat is headed by the Secretary General
Secretary General -3 Year term rotating among states
H.E.Mr. AhmendSaleem from Maldives is the current Secretary
General
The General is assisted by eight Directors on deputation from the
Member States
It coordinates and monitors implementation of activities
The SAARC Secretariat and Member States observe 8 December as the
SAARC Character Day
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Respect for sovereignty , territorial integrity , political equality and
independence of all members states
Non-interference in the internal matters is the one of its objectives
Cooperation for mutual benefit
All decisions to be taken unanimously and need a quorum of all eight members
All bilateral issue to be kept aside and only multilateral(involving Many
countries )issue to be discussed without being prejudiced by bilateral issues
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SAARC Financial Contribution
Afghanistan ,Bhutan & Maldives – 5% each
Nepal ,Bangladesh ,Sri Lanka -10.72 % each
 Pakistan -22.53%
India – 30.31%
OPPORTUNITIES
Achieving greater social cohesion within India –By connecting the
diverse groups within India with their counterparts across the
borders
Defining and defending India’s regional space –China is now
making significant efforts to improve its access to South Asian
economics and markets
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Area of Cooperation
Information,
Communicatio
n and Media
Agricultural
and Rural
Bi-technology
& science
technology
Environment
People to
People
contacts
Energy ,
Finance&
security
Funding
Mechanism &
poverty
alleviation
Economic and
Trade
Education &
social
development
Cultural &
Tourism
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LIST OF SAARC SUMMIT
 First summit 1st Bangladesh
 Second summit 2nd India
 Third summit 3rd Nepal
 Fourth summit 4th Pakistan
 Fifth summit 5th Maldives
 Sixth summit 6th Sri Lanka
 .Seventh summit 7th Bangladesh
 .Eighth summit 8th India
 Ninth summit 9th Maldives
 Tenth summit 10th Sri Lanka
 Eleventh summit 11th Nepal
 Twelfth summit 12th Pakistan
 Thirteen summit 13th Bangladesh
 Fourteenth summit 14th India
 Fifteenth summit 15th Sri Lanka (Food security )
 Sixteenth summit 16th Bhutan
 Seventeenth summit 17th Maldives
 Eighteenth summit 18th Nepal
 Nineteenth summit 19th Pakistan
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China has shown interest in joining SAARC . While Pakistan & Bangladesh
support china’s candidature ,India strongly opposes it.
Indonesia supported by Sri Lanka intends to become a Observer of
SAARC .
Myanmar has expressed it’s desire to become a full time member SAARC
.Myanmar’s military regime officially applied for full SAARC membership in
May 2008 .However , the application is still being considered and the
government is currently restricted to observer status .
Russia intends to become an observer as well, and is supported by India .
Iran because of its strong cultural , economic and political relationship with
Afghanistan and Pakistan and has expressed its desire to become a member
of South Asian organization .
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Six South Asian countries remains a small player in global markets over 1%total
trade
During the eleven year period of 1995 to 2005 , South Asian ‘s share in world
merchandise exports marginally increased from 0.9% to 1.2%
In 1995 , South Asian Preferential Trade Agreement (SAPTA) was Launched but
intraregional trade has failed to pick up
In January 2006, SAARC succeeded in launching the south Asian Free Trade
Agreement south Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) was launched , its
implementation has faced political hurdles
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ROLE OF INDIA IN SAARC
•India -73% total land of South Asian ,3 times more population than altogether seven
South Asian countries
•75% SAARC GDP , 78% total export and 60% total import
•Border dispute all SAARC countries (except Afghanistan )
•India need to create good relations with neighbors to be global reader (permanent
member in the UN)
•“India future depends on what its neighbor think about it
If India spend its time to fight with its neighbors , India will never become global power “
•China influence in South Asian is growing slowly
•India can make SAARC either strong or weak
•Narendra Modi : “Neighborhood First , Man in Action
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15. Suspicious relation between Indo-Pak
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India and Pakistan blame each to support the terrorist group and
use the terrorist group against each other .(Role of media)
India support Bangladesh in 1972 to separate from Pakistan .
During the early 1980s , the Indian government under Mrs. Indira
Gandhi provided
arms and training facilities to the Tamil tiger belongs to LTTE
(Chakrabati, 1998:5)
4 wars between India and Pakistan
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Political instability , Trust deficit & lack of social cohesion (Dr. Sigfried
O.Wolf )
Bilateral relationship within the region & varying visions for the SAARC
(Dr. Sigfried O. Wolf )
Observes often refer unsolvable Indo –Park relations as main hurdle
towards regional integration in SAARC
India tries to dominate the function and activities of SAARC
 Lack financial constrains & of political Co- operation
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•India role is important to make the SAARC effective
•If a strong country lead the regional organization , regional Organization would
be more effective
•Lack of strong influential leadership , Organization can not be work properly
•Instead of passive Organization , other countries can accept the leadership role of
India in SAARC
•Through deeper integration of SAARC countries , south Asia would be strong ,
peaceful and economically prosperous region of the world
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