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NAM (Non Alignment Movement)

The document discusses the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), which was founded in 1961 in Belgrade. NAM is an organization of states that do not formally align with or against any major power bloc. It was established to promote independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of member states. The main goals of NAM include fighting against imperialism, colonialism, racism, and promoting peaceful cooperation. Some of the early leaders that helped form NAM include Nehru, Sukarno, Nasser, Tito, and U Nu. NAM continues to advocate for self-determination, sustainable development, and UN reforms while maintaining cooperation between its over 100 member states.

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NON ALIGNMENT MOVEMENT
50 Years of Non Alignment Movement
INTRODUCTION BY HABIBA ISLAM
WHAT IS NON ALIGN MOVEMENT? • NON.ALIGNED MOVEMENT IS AN INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION OF STATES CONSIDERING THEMSELVES NOT ALIGNED FORMALLY WITH OR AGAINST ANY MAJOR POWER BLOC.
PURPOSE OF NON ALIGNED MOVEMENT STATED IN HAVANA DECLARATION OF 1979 National independence Sovereignty, security Territorial integrity
NAM RAISE STRUGGLE AGAINST IMPERIALISM COLONIALISM RACISM ,HEGEMONY AGGRESSION NEO- COLONIALISM
TWO MAIN BODIES OF NON ALIGHN MOVEMENT • MEMBER STATE OBSERVER STATE
FORMATION OF NAM The organization was founded in Belgrade in 1961, and was largely conceived 
THE MAIN 6 LEADERS ARE Main leaders are Indian p.m. Jawaharlal Nehru Burma p.m. Uno Indonesian p.m. sukarno UZBEKISTAN PREEM titoYugoslavia president Joseph Broz Egypt president Jamal Abdul Nasser
ORIGINS OF NAM Not a formal organization • KrishV.k meson used word non alignment in 1953 in U.N • Nehru describe the five pillars of indo-chinese talk in srilanka Philosophical organization • Non-alignment is a philosophy for the conduct of international relations that was introduced into the diplomatic and scholarly vocabulary in 1961 with the founding of the Non- Aligned Movement (NAM). • COLD WAR • RUSSIA U.S.A
CONTEXT OF NAM
OBJECTIVES OF NAM RECOGNITION OF THE EQUALITY OF ALL RACES OF RELIGION PROMOTION OF DIALOGUE AMONG PEOPLE & CIVILIZATION ON INTERFERENCE OF INTER GOVT AFFAIRS AND REJECTION OF UN CTUITONSTIIONAL CHANGE OF GONVERNMENTS
INTERNATIONAL CO- OPERATION IN THE PEACEFULL PROMOTE USES OF NUCLEAR ENERGY • TO ENHANCE THE RULE OF CIVIL SOCIETY AND NGOs REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL ROLE • TO RESPOND THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBALIZATION
ONE OBJECTIVE ATTAINMENT OF NAM
SCENARIO OF NAM IT IS NOT A DOCTRINE OR DOGMA IT IS THE PROCESS DOES NOT MEAN NEUTRALIT Y PURSUE INDEPEN DENT F.P -AFRO- ASIAN DECLARAT ION
ROLE OF NAM IN CURRENT SCENARIO 1. Especially as the bipolar struggle that aligned the world into blocs, is now over. 2. The NAM can also act as a guide and overseer of the condition of Human Rights like Syria, Egypt or even India 3. NAM most importantly is a great way to ensure that issues like Palestine and crises in Somalia Sudan
BACKGROUNG CONTEXT OF NAM
ROLE OF PAKISTAN IN NAM
RECENT VOICE OF NAM IS
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE/MEMBER S/ POLICIES BY SAFINA SHAHID
NAM SUMMITS AT A GLANCE • First Conference - Belgrade, September 1-6,1961 • Second Conference - Cairo, October 5-10, 1964 • Third Conference - Lusaka, September 8-10, 1970
NAM STRUCTURE  A multilateral trans-national organization made up of states.  A rational administrative structure to implement its policies that all could accept.
COORDINATION OF NAM Coordinating bureau Working group Task force
Joint Coordination Committee Coordination Troika Of NAM countries C Joint Coordinating Committee In order to promote coordination and cooperation between the NAM and the Group of 77 in promoting the interests of developing countries in international fora, a Joint Coordinating Committee of the two groups was established in 1994, which meets regularly in New York.
STRUCTURE BASED ON PANEL OF ECONOMIST DOCUMENTATION DECISION MAKING BY CONSENSUS
MEMBER STATE AND OTHER PARTICIPATE OF NAM MEMBER STATES 120 OBSERVER STATES 18
REQUIREMENTS FOR MEMBERSHIP OF THE NAM1. Respect for fundamental human rights and for the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations. 2. Respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all nations. 3. Recognition of the movements for national independence. 4. Recognition of the equality of all races and of the equality of all nations, large and small. 5. Abstention from intervention or interference in the internal affairs of another country. 6. Respect for the right of each nation to defend itself singly or collectively, in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations. 7. Refraining from acts or threats of aggression or the use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any country. 8. Settlement of all international disputes by peaceful means, in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations.
GUEST ORGANIZATIONS GUEST STATES OBSERVER ORGANIZATION OBSERVER STATES
CURRENT NAM WORKING GROUPS CONTACT GROUP TASK GROUP WORKING GROUP
CURRENT NAM WORKING GROUPS, CONTACT GROUPS, TASK FORCES AND COMMITTEES:• NAM High-Level Working Group for the Restructuring of the United Nations (Chaired by Chairman of NAM). • NAM Working Group for the Restructuring of the Security Council (Chaired by Egypt). • NAM Drafting Group on Post Conflict Peace-Building (Coordinator : Egypt). • NAM Drafting Group on Coordination (Coordinator : Colombia). • NAM Working Group on Human Rights (Chaired by Malaysia). • NAM Working Group on Peace-Keeping Operations (Chaired by Thailand). • Ministerial Committee on Methodology (Chaired by Chairman of NAM). • NAM Working Group of the Coordinating Bureau on Methodology (Chaired by Colombia). • Committee of Palestine (Chaired by Chairman of NAM). • Contact Group on Cyprus (Chaired by Algeria). • Task Force on Somalia (Chaired by Chairman of NAM). • Task Force on Bosnia and Herzegovina. • Non-Aligned Security Council Caucus.
POLICIES OF NAMNAM also sponsored campaigns for restructuring commercial relations between developed and developing nations. • Many of the members of the Non-Aligned Movement are also members of the United Nations. Both organizations have a stated policy of peaceful cooperation. The Non-Aligned Movement has played a major role in various ideological conflicts throughout its existence • The Non-Aligned Movement has become a voice of support for issues facing developing nations and it still contains ideals that are legitimate within this context.
PRESEDENCY OF NAM NAM's chairman changes every three years. Iran is the current President of the Non-Aligned Movement and hosted the 16th NAM summit between 26 and 31 August 2012, after which the presidency was handed to Ahmadinejad on 1 September
Presented by Anum Nadeem
WHAT IS COLD WAR
 Jawaharlal Nehru emerged as leader of NAM.  Who were called the first, second and third world countries?
•Arms Race •Defense Systems •Space Race •Espionage
Capitalism (USA) Communism (USSR) Limited government Strong central state Multi party politics One party government Individual rights A command economy Free enterprise economy Closed society Open society
 LongTerm Causes  Conflict During theWarTime  Different PeaceAims
•Gorbachev’s new political thinking •Gorbachev’s actions and the consequences of his new political thinking
•Bandung Conference •Belgrade Conference
End of Colonialism Neo Colonialism and Imperialism
ISSUES WITH MEMBER STATES Stressed the importance of Unity Cooperation
CURRENT ACTIVITIES & POSITIONS Sidra Jabeen Khan
CRITICISM OF US POLICY • NAM summit as evidence • Decision by UN • Major super powers: USA • Changes in the Middle East • US Foreign Policy
SELF-DETERMINATION OF PUERTO-RICO & WESTERN SAHARA • USA Criticism • Case of Puerto-Rico’s self determination • Case of Western Sahara’s self determination
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT • Foster Cooperation • Tenets of Sustainable Development
REFORMS OF THE UN • NAM members • Outspoken in its criticism of current UN Structures
SOUTH-SOUTH COOPERATION • Group of 77
CULTURAL DIVERSITY & HUMAN RIGHTS • Guide & Overseer of the condition of HR • Standardize the yard stick • Universality of HR and social justice • Fiercely resists cultural homogenization • tolerance
WORKING GROUPS, TASK FORCES & COMMITTEES • Committee on Palestine • High-Level Working Group for the Restructuring of the United Nations • Joint Coordinating Committee (chaired by Chairman of G-77 and Chairman of NAM) • Non-Aligned Security Caucus • Standing Ministerial Committee for Economic Cooperation • Task Force on Somalia • Working Group on Disarmament • Working Group on Human Rights • Working Group on Peace-Keeping Operations
PAKISTAN & NAM • Pakistan was instrumental in evolving NAM consensus positions on the following important issues:
PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES • Kashmir Issue • Conflict resolution • Peaceful state
NUCLEAR ISSUE • Supported nuclear disarmament • Opposed unilateral, coercive or discriminatory measures • Solution can’t be promoted in an atmosphere of coercion & Pressure (PAK’s)
SELF-DETERMINATION • Consistently reiterated the continued validity of fundamental rights • Condemn ongoing brutal repression of legitimate aspirations for Self defense
TERRORISM • Stressed to combat terrorism • Without any difference in race, religion or nationality
EXPANSION OF THE SECURITY COUNCIL • Must be adopted by two third majority • No imposed time limit
ECONOMIC ISSUES • Paid attention • Long standing position • Urgent convening by UN
REDEFINING NAM’S ROLE • Effective role in all international For a particularly in UN • Safeguards and preserves the principal positions
CONCLUSION • Largest politically-oriented body • Summit sessions • Emphasis on the principle of cooperation • Encourages disarmament • Emphasis on the need for structural changes in UN • Implementation of multilateral policies • Niche as an alternative voice • Anti-colonial & anti-racial • Grown increasingly wider • Individual national interests
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