S1000D Compliant Technical Illustrations

Guest Presenter
David Manock – President
S1000D Component
2D Technical Graphics
Copyright Vizualsite LLC 2015

Overview
• CGM: Computer Graphics Metafile
• an ISO (International Organization for Standardization) standard for vector
and composite vector/raster picture definition since 1987.
2D Technical Illustrations/Graphics
and the S1000D Specification

Introduction
The topic can be spilt into 3 main sections:
• Authoring
• Illustration Rules
• Identifying
• Information Control Number
• CGM (Computer Graphics Metafile)
• Meta-data
• CGM Profile
• Big thank you to Larson Software Technology, the CGM Experts, for their
assistance with this section

Authoring - S1000D Specification
• Chapter 3.9.2 - Authoring - Illustration rules and multimedia
• Chap 3.9.2.1 Illustration rules and multimedia - Illustrations, General
• Chap 3.9.2.2 Illustration rules and multimedia - Navigation and configuration
• Chap 3.9.2.3 Illustration rules and multimedia - Use of color and photographs
• Chap 3.9.2.4 Illustration rules and multimedia - Multimedia, General
• Chap 3.9.2.5 Illustration rules and multimedia - Interactive 3D content
• Chap 3.9.2.6 Illustration rules and multimedia - e-learning
• Chap 7.3.3 CSDB objects – Multimedia
• S2000M International specification S2000M for materiel management - Integrated
data processing for military equipment

Authoring
• 3.9.2.1 – Illustration’s General

Authoring – Primary Rules of Illustration
• Illustrations must communicate to the user in a simple, clear
and economical way
• Visually enhance the technical information required by the
user to perform the intended task
• Prepared in accordance with the text and other information in
data modules
• The end user receives the maximum amount of information

Authoring – Mode of Presentation
• The advised presentation format for print is portrait
orientation
• Foldouts and landscape orientations are allowed as exceptions but require
defining in the project business rules
• The presentation of illustrations in an IETP/M (Interactive
Electronic Technical Publication/Manual) is not governed by
the same rules
• However consideration must be given if the IETP has print capability

Authoring - Illustration Rules Objectives
• Consistent illustration appearance
• Line weights
• Line styles
• Annotations
• Symbols
• Perspective Projection – Isometric
• Illustration/Page Size
• Clear and concise information
• Extraneous data removed
• Usually Monochrome
• Use Color when clarity is required
• BRDP-S1-00029 –
Use of color in the final deliverable?

Authoring - Color
• 3.9.2.3 - Use of color and photographs

Authoring - Use of Color
• The Specification defines the use of color
• Specific color palette
• Provides very good examples
of using color in illustrations
and photographs
• The use of color on the example
illustration denotes a
hierarchical structure
• Light Blue – parts on this illustration
• Grey – Parts shown on subsequent illustrations,
see the detail arrows for navigation

Authoring - 3D
• 3.9.2.5 – Interactive 3D Content

Authoring – Interactive 3D Content
• The Chapter provides basic guidelines for the use of 3D
interactive graphics
• The production of 3D content must be from verified and
authoritative
• 3D information usage is recommended where procedures are
complex and users will benefit from the visualization
• The 3D graphics must contain appropriate warning's and
cautions when parts are removed
• Currently there is no recommended file format for 3D
delivery
• The S1000D Model Based Enterprise (MBE) Task Team (TT) are working to
define more detailed guidelines for 3D content

Identifying – S1000D Specification
Chapter 4.4 – Information Management –
Information Control Number

Identifying – Information Control Number
• Data Modules are all assigned a unique code similarly
multimedia objects including illustrations require an ICN code
• BRDP-S1-00345 - Presentation of ICN within the illustration
reproduction area:
• Decide whether the ICN is presented within the illustration reproduction
area
• If the decision is to display the ICN it must be placed in the lower right
hand corner of the figure
• A multimedia object or Illustration can be used in multiple
Data Modules without being recoded

Identifying - ICN Decision Points - CAGE
• What ICN Structure should I choose? (BRDP-S1-00344)
• CAGE or MODELIC?
• CAGE based, less complex – 5 to 10 Characters
• This method will not identify the object with the Project or
equipment

Identifying - ICN Decision Points - MODELIC
• MODELIC based code more complex
• Aligned to the project and the equipment

CGM – S1000D Specification
Chapter 7.3.2 CSDB Objects - Graphics

CGM - Introduction
• Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM)
• 2D Open Graphics format
• Not owned, non-proprietary
• Managed by the CGM Open Foundation
• www.cgmopen.org
• The CGM format first appeared in the 1980‘s
• The format was widely supported many graphics based applications
• WebCGM profile developed specifically for web delivery and
adopted by the S1000D Specification www.s1000d.org
• Requires plug-in technology in a web browser to view CGM files
• W3C - http://www.w3.org/Graphics/WebCGM/

CGM - Profiles
• CGM Profiles provide the mechanism for complying to specific
industry specifications, S1000D, ATA iSpec 2200, PIP
• Profiles can be thought of as rules the graphic is measured against
• http://www.w3.org/Graphics/WebCGM/
• Profiles can also cascade providing multiple levels of validity
• e.g. in the scenario below S1000D
ISO/IEC 8632-1 (1999-12-15) CGM
Model Profile Edition 2
WebCGM Profile Edition 2.1
S1000D Profile

CGM - Properties
• Interoperability
• Good graphics data interchange capabilities are fundamental when
mitigating risks on S1000D and ATA iSpec 2200 projects
• Program costs can significantly increase if the data is not interoperable
• Interactivity
• Graphical Hotspots provide user with enhanced
experience
• Usability and Reusability
• Files have to be easy to edit and reuse

CGM - Properties 2
• Graphical Attributes
• Graphics with long life cycles require the ability to retain the structure of
graphical objects including ellipses, circles, bezier curves to be preserved
• Graphics have to communicate a technical message, usually in black and
white
• Text Attributes
• The text requirements are typically low for technical graphics
• Typefaces are usually are not diverse, predominantly Helvetica
• The ability to constrain text size and formatting is important
• Metadata (inside the file)
• Requirements are low, hotspot region and ID information
• XML companion files can contain additional information

CGM – Structure
• The CGM file should only contain
graphical objects
• However a file can contain industry
specific Metadata
• Exceptions include Object ID’s and
hotspot regions
• All other non-graphical data
should be contained in a XML
companion file

CGM Editing
Technology
• The software tools to enable generation and revision of
graphics is a key production requirement
• The tools require ease of use
and compliance to CGM profiles
• Generation & Revision
• Auto-Trol TI
• CorelDraw Technical Suite X6
• PTC Arbortext IsoDraw (CGM Mode)
• VizEx Edit (Native CGM)
• Cortona2d Editor Pro
• Leonardo S1000D

CGM – Viewing
• Deployment of CGM files on the web
currently relies on plug-in technology
• The publishing of CGM files in IETP/M
(Interactive Electronic Technical
Publication/Manual)
is therefore dependent on a viewer
• The publishing of CGM files as part of
a printed manual is dependent on
various technologies
• Print of individual CGM files is also possible from the
illustration and text editing solutions

Poll
What file formats does your organization currently use in the
graphics production process?
 CGM (Computer Graphics Metafile)
 SVG (Scalable Vector Graphic)
 EPS (Encapsulated Postscript File)
 AI (Adobe Illustrator)
 Other

CGM – Additional Resources
• NIST
• National Institute of Standards and Technology
• ISO/IEC 8632-1:1999
• ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
• W3C
• WebCGM Profile
• WebCGM DOM
• Linkedin
• CGM Open
• S1000D Users

Summary and Conclusions
Take Away: Graphics are a significant component of an S1000D
project
• Authoring
• Follow the S1000D illustration rules and your graphic representation will be
consistent
• Identifying
• Choose the appropriate ICN Structure
• The MODELIC option should be mapped to the Data Module Code
• CGM
• CGM is the correct and only choice for vector graphics in the specification
• Choose software that is capable of creating compliant CGM’s

S1000D Compliant Technical Illustrations

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