After 30 years of rural reforms in China, the document discusses several bottlenecks facing sustainable rural development, including poverty, inequality, loss of rural community, issues with agricultural land tenure and use, and environmental sustainability challenges. While absolute poverty has decreased, relative poverty and inequality have increased between regions and rural vs urban areas. Rural areas also face problems of depopulation of young migrant workers, unclear land ownership rights, and pollution from intensive agriculture. The future of rural development depends on addressing these issues through government policy changes and development approaches that consider globalization and different stakeholder interests.

1. Rural China: After 30 Years’ Reform ----Challenges to Sustainable Development of China Zuo Ting, Professor Department of Development Management College of Humanities and Development China Agricultural University

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