The document provides an overview of the history and revival of Royal Enfield motorcycles. It discusses: 1) How Royal Enfield began manufacturing motorcycles in India in 1955 and dominated the Indian market for decades. 2) How production ceased in the UK in 1970 but continued in India, with the Bullet 350 even being exported to Europe from India in the 1980s. 3) How Eicher Motors acquired Royal Enfield in the 1990s and made investments to modernize production, helping Royal Enfield comply with stricter emission standards in 1996. 4) How in the 2000s, Siddhartha Lal helped revive the struggling brand by updating bikes while retaining their classic design features

1. THE REPORT
Prepared by:
PRAVEEN KUMAR(23)
SHAN prabhakaran(22)
Nishant sinha(25)
Rahul Ranjan(40)
Pranay jha(57)
ABOUT

2. THE INDIAN CONNECTION
Royal Enfield motorcycles were being sold in India ever since 1949. In 1955,
the Indian government started looking for a suitable motorcycle for its police
forces and the army for patrolling duties on the country's border. The Bullet 350
was chosen as the most suitable bike for the job. The Indian government
ordered 800 of these 350 cc motorcycles, an enormous order for that time. Thus
In 1955, the Redditch Company partnered with Madras Motors in India to form
what was called 'Enfield India' to assemble these 350 cc Bullet motorcycle
under licence in erstwhile madras (Now called Chennai). As per their agreement
Madras Motors owned the majority (over 50%) of shares in the company. In
1957 tooling equipment was also sold to Enfield India so that they could
manufacture components and start full-fledged production. The Enfield Bullet
dominated the Indian highways and with each passing year its popularity kept
rising.
CLOSEOUT IN THE UK
Royal Enfield UK continued manufacturing motorcycles and came out with
some more innovative and powerful machines notably the Royal Enfield
Meteor, Constellation and finally the Interceptor 700, before being sold to
Norton-Triumph-Villiers (NVT) in 1968. Production ceased in 1970 and the
company was dissolved in 1971. Remaining tooling and equipment of the
Redditch works were auctioned off. Meanwhile the Bullet 350 continued to be
manufactured in India and by the 1980 the motorcycles were even exported to
Europe out of India. Even after the motorcycle manufacturing closed down the
precision engineering division ran for some more time and even bicycles were
produced until quite late.
THE EICHER CHAPTER
In 1990, Enfield India entered into a strategic alliance with the Eicher Group,
and later merged with it in 1994. It was during this merger that the name Enfield
India changed to Royal Enfield. The Eicher Group is one of India's leading
automotive groups with diversified interests in the manufacture of
Tractors, Commercial Vehicles, Automotive Gears, Exports,
Garments, Management Consultancy and Motorcycles. Since then, the
Company has made considerable investments in modernizing its
manufacturing technology and systems. In 1996, when the
Government decided to impose stringent norms for emission Royal
Enfield was the first motorcycle manufacturer to comply, a tradition
which has stuck on thus making emission norms being one of the most
important factors the company focuses on.

3. THE REVIVAL STORY
Senior managers at Eicher Motors faced a tough choice. They had been given
one final chance to revive the loss making Royal Enfield - their motorcycle
division. For that they wanted to modernise the bikes to appeal to a wider
customer base. But existing customers wanted their Bullets just the way they
had always been. By modernising, Royal Enfield risked losing traditional fans
without possibly gaining any new customers.
The year 2000 could have been decisive. That was when the board of directors
at Eicher Motors decided to either shut down or sell off Royal Enfield - the
company's Chennai-based motorcycle division, which manufactured the iconic
Bullet motorbikes. For all its reputation, the sales of the bike was down to 2,000
units a month against the plants installed capacity of 6,000; losses had been
mounting for years. Though the bikes had diehard followers, there were also
frequent complaints about them - of engine seizures, snapping of the accelerator
or clutch cables, electrical failures and oil leakages. Many found them too
heavy, difficult to maintain, with the gear lever inconveniently positioned and a
daunting kick-start.
Just one person stood up to the board, insisting Royal Enfield should get another
chance. He was Siddhartha Lal, a third generation member of the Delhi-based
Lal family, promoters of the Eicher group of companies. Lal, then 26, was an
unabashed Bullet fan: he even rode a red coloured Bullet while leading the
baraat (procession) to his wedding venue, instead of the traditional horse. The
board agreed to give him a chance, it was not because of its confidence in him,
but because the business was doing so badly it could hardly get any worse.
Lal felt Royal Enfield could still be saved. The bike had its reputation, a cult
following, an instantly recognisable build, and aspirational value. Changes had
to be made to keep up with the times and make the bike more acceptable, and
therein lay the problem. Royal Enfield fans liked the bikes exactly the way they
had always been so they decided to make some changes in the bike by not
affecting its charm.
Retaining the bikes' rugged looks was a given, including the build, the
design of the head lamp and the petrol tank. But should the gears be
shifted close to the rider's left foot - as in most bikes - or retained on
the right side? The question gave Lal and his team many sleepless
nights, since long time users were dead opposed to the change. The
engine was another thorny question. The old cast iron engine was a
relic of the past. Its separate gear box and oil sump design made it prone to oil
leaks and it seized up very often. Its ability to meet increasingly strict emission
norms was also suspect. A modern aluminium engine would eliminate these

4. problems, but it would lack the old engine's pronounced vibrations and beat -
which Royal Enfield customers loved. Laws of physics made it impossible to
replicate these with the new engine. They retained many of the old engine's
characteristics - the long stroke, the single cylinder, the high capacity with push
rod mechanism.
The new engine had 30 per cent fewer parts and produced 30 per cent more
power than the old, with better fuel efficiency. By 2010, all Royal Enfield
models had begun to use the new engine. Two other problems needed to be
addressed: the quality of some of the components Royal Enfield bikes were
using, and the sales experience. To tackle the first, shop floor processes were
fine tuned, while suppliers were exhorted to improve quality levels. Royal
Enfield also embarked on a large scale internal exercise to tone up performance.
They declared 2006 as the year of getting back to the basics. They also formed a
field quality rapid action force to bridge the gap between customer expectations
and the reality
Slowly, the tide turned. Engine related problems and oil leakages in Royal
Enfield products almost disappeared. By 2008 dealers were reporting lower
workloads. Warranty claims fell sharply too. Malfunctioning of the sprag
clutch, on which the electric starter depends, declined, for instance, from five
per cent in 2005/06 to 0.2 percent in 2010/11. Royal Enfield also began
conducting marquee rides to promote leisure biking. Such steps removed the
fears about the products' reliability. To improve sales experience new company-
owned showrooms were launched and dealerships expanded.
In October 2008, Royal Enfield launched in Germany its newly designed 500cc
Classic model - inspired by J2, a 1950 model Bullet - with the new engine. It
was a success, admired for its performance and fuel economy.
Emboldened, Lal launched it in India in November 2009 initially as a 350 cc
bike, priced at Rs 1.20 lakh. This proved a hit too. At that time their capacity
utilisation was 100 per cent but still there was a six months waiting period for
deliveries so they planned to double their capacity to 1.5 lakh bikes.
But there was always an issue regarding the brand promotion and market
communication. Here came up with its few promotional strategy and
market communication plans.

5. PRINT ADVERTISEMENT OF ROYAL ENFIELD- THEN
AND NOW

7. Here we can see a drastic change in the print advertisement of Royal Enfield.
Previously they show cased only a BIKE where the attitude was missing as
compared to the latest advertisements. Now in print media, Royal Enfield tries
to associate the bike with the stubbornness and the selfishness of the biker who
owns a Royal Enfield. Now they focus more on the features and try to
disseminate the positive side of the same to the audience. They have their own
built target segment. Perhaps they don’t segment the market but the market
segments for them. The owner of Royal Enfield bikes are not the youngsters as
such but the middle aged who are passionate about engines and vintage looks.
It’s said that one needs to be mature to own a Royal Enfield bike and this belief
has helped them to design the print advertisement very much relevant to the
same.
So we can conclude that the print media of Royal Enfield is very much inclined
to its target audience and their traits.

8. SUGGESTED PROMOTIONAL MEASURES FOR ROYAL
ENFIELD
1. Enfielders signature on bike: Royal Enfield is more about attitude and
the selfishness of the biker. The single sitter bike of Royal Enfield
justifies this. A good quality rubber coated stamp carrying the signature
or one word message of the Enfielders should be added to its external
design for the further embellishment. Here the biker will feel the
ownership whenever he will sit on his Royal vintage (Royal Enfield
bike). This will carry further the selfishness part of the bike and will add
to the ownership feeling of the biker.
2. Roadies: Roadies is more of youngsters soap and it’s all about cruising
and adventure. At present, HERO Moto corp has a tie up with the show
and they use Karizma for cruising. If looked into the matter Karizma is
not a cruising bike and to some extent neither Enfield is. But the image of
Enfield goes with the image of cruising. So a tie up with the show can
help Royal Enfield to get more youngsters to buy this bike and can also
help them to create a new market for their bikes.
3. Royal Enfield badge: It’s very necessary for Royal Enfield to
differentiate their customers from others. The same way blackberry did in
smart phone segment. They called the users of blackberry as blackberry
boys. Here Royal Enfield should design a badge common to every Royal
Enfield users. They can place this badge on their bags or on whatever
they carry while going anywhere. Slowly people will start recognising
that the person is an Enfielder by just looking at the Royal Enfield badge
and this will make them desperate to own a badge of Royal Enfield just to
be in this league.
4. Customised colour: Royal Enfield comes in very few colours. So at
times people buy the bike and change the colour according to their liking.
Here Royal Enfield should go for the customization in colour for the
bikes so that the customers can cut down a step of re-colouring them to
meet their liking. This may not help in bringing new customers but will
definitely make up the minds of the potential buyers to buy the bike if
they have any colour preferences.
5. Enfielders in the advertisements: We see models or Actors in the
advertisements of automobiles but here we recommend to put the
enfielders to shown in the advertisement of the Royal Enfield irrespective
of print media or TV commercial. This can be used as a retention and
motivational tool for the existing customers, in fact this can also help in
getting more customers to associate with the brand.

9. 6. Enfield Tour: A small biking tour of Royal Enfield should be conducted
once in every month in the targeted cities. This day should be called as
the Enfielders Day where they will meet up at some place and just ride on
their bike in a group. This can help to communicate the brand to the
audience, in fact it can be a powerful tool for the brand recall. End of the
day the main motto of all these promotional tools is to pull the audience
to join the league of the Enfielders.
7. A social welfare tour: It’s very necessary for a stubborn or a rigid
natured guy to show the softness in him to the public and working for a
social cause can surely help this endeavour. Although the Enfielders
would have this image of people who think high of themselves but
working for social causes like going out for help of the victims of flood
and drought, plantation, education of poor children would surely bring
good name for them and subsequently for the brand. So we suggest that a
social welfare tour shall be taken up by the Enfielders in cooperation with
Royal Enfield to make an impact in public.