Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Rout traffic accident.pptx.........,.....
1. Technical College of Health / Shekhan
Department of Nursing
Subject:Health Promotion
Banaz yaseen
Rojeen abdulljabar
Zahra abdullaziz
Dr. Rebar Yahya Abdullah
PhD. Family and Community Health
strategies to reduce it
2. A traffic collision, also known as a motor vehicle collision, occurs when a
vehicle collides with another vehicle, pedestrian, animal, road debris, or
other moving or stationary obstruction, such as a tree, pole or building.
Road traffic injuries cause considerable economic losses to individuals,
their families, and to nations as a whole
Every year the lives of approximately 1.19 million people are cut short as a
result of a road traffic crash. Between 20 and 50 million more people
suffer non-fatal injuries, with many incurring a disability.
Overview
Banaz Rozheen Zahra
3.
4. • More than 90% of road
traffic deaths occur in
low- and middle-income
countries. people from
lower socioeconomic
backgrounds are more
likely to be involved in
road traffic crashes.
WHY?
Socioeconomic Status
Road traffic injuries are the
leading cause of death for
children and young adults
aged 5–29 years. Two
thirds of road traffic
fatalities occur among
people of working age
(18–59 years)
Age
Males are
typically 3 times
more likely to
be killed in road
crashes than
females
Sex
Who is at risk?
Banaz Rozheen Zahra
8. Banaz Rozheen Zahra
Causes of road accidents
An increase in average
speed is directly
related both to the
likelihood of a crash
occurring and to the
severity of the
consequences of the
crash.
Speeding
Slippery roads from
rain, snow, or ice
affect traction in tires,
in turn causing
vehicles to slide off
the road or hit other
objects
Weather
Driving under the
influence of alcohol
and any psychoactive
substance or drug
increases the risk of a
crash that results in
death or serious
injuries.
Drunk driving
9. Banaz Rozheen Zahra
Drivers using mobile phones
are approximately 4 times
more likely to be involved in a
crash than drivers not using a
mobile phone. Using a phone
while driving slows reaction
times and makes it difficult to
keep in the correct lane, and to
keep the correct following
distances.
Mobile
It is imperative to be
cautious, drive
carefully and
follow traffic
rules.Not Wearing a
Seatbelt speccially
Breaking traffic rules
Fatigue. Sleepiness,
drowsiness, or
downright exhaustion
can impair a driver's
ability to competently
respond, react, or
discern conditions on
the road
Fatigue
Causes of road accidents
10. Banaz Rozheen Zahra
Damaged road
surface,Potholes,Eroded speed
breakers.cars with low ground
clearance can get damaged while the
driver tries to drive over potholes.
potholes can damage tyres, wheels
and even your vehicle's suspension. In
extreme cases, accidents caused by
potholes can be life-threatening.
Poor Road quality
Like Tyre Burst, overload, and
brake failure. These
unfortunate situations of
vehicle failures while driving
can also cause a car to crash.
Some of the potential vehicle
failures include the following.
Vehicle failures
Causes of road accidents
13. Banaz Rozheen Zahra
Traffic accident in Kurdistan’s Duhok leaves one
dead, 5 injured
According to 2020 data K24, in the
autonomous region’s capital of Erbil alone,
1,384 traffic accidents occurred, resulting
in the death of 262 people and injury of
1,401 more.
14. Banaz Rozheen Zahra
Most Questions to Ask a Car Accident Witness?
• How Clear Was Your View of the
Accident?
• Where Were You in Relation to the
Accident?
• Can You Provide More Details About
What You Saw?
• What Did You Do After the Accident?
• Do You Know Anyone Involved in the
Accident?
• Is There Anything Else I Should Know?
• What Were You Doing Just Before the
Accident?
15. Banaz Rozheen Zahra
Tips to avoid collisions and what to do when one occurs
{Prevention}
Road traffic injuries can be
prevented. Governments must
take action to address road safety
in a holistic manner. This requires
involvement from multiple sectors
such as transport, police, health
and education, as well as the
private sector and civil society
organizations. It requires actions
that address the safety of roads,
vehicles and all road users.
16. Banaz Rozheen Zahra
Avoid a collision
•Slow down and drive to conditions
•Drive friendly - yield to other drivers and be
courteous
•Maintain a safe following distance
•Look both ways before you enter an
intersection
•Signal every turn and lane change
•Stop at red lights and stop signs
•Don’t drink or take Psychoactive drug
17. Banaz Rozheen Zahra
Steps for Medical Care Car Accident
1. Pre-Hospital
At the scene of the incident, you will be dealing with first responders. These first few minutes and hours
following the accident are critical for those who are injured. When traumatic injuries occur, patients are at
risk of life-threatening complications, including shock as well as respiratory or heart failure.
18. Banaz Rozheen Zahra
2. Acute Care
Medical treatment that occurs immediately and is short-term, for instance in an emergency room or
hospital trauma center, is acute care. This is often the first step in the medical care car accident victims
will receive.
Once the initial emergency is addressed and the patient is classified as critical or stable, they may be
moved to a different section of the hospital. They may move to a specific floor that specializes in
managing their pressing needs, including respiratory and heart issues or intensive care (ICU). In the
emergency department, and following admission to the hospital, multiple services may be called for.
These can include X-rays, medical scans, surgeries, and burn care.
19. Banaz Rozheen Zahra
.
4. Rehabilitation
Following a car accident, rehabilitation may be necessary for a short term or for a longer duration of time.
Rehabilitative therapies address the physical, cognitive, and emotional issues that occur during and
following a crash. Rehabilitation is the process of helping a patient to achieve the highest level of
functioning, independence, and quality of life after an injury has occurred. It may help the injured person
work to resume more normality as they move forward, an important part of the medical care car accident
victims may need.
