Rosa Parks, born on February 4, 1913, in Tuskegee, Alabama, became a pivotal figure in the Civil Rights Movement after her arrest on December 1, 1955, for refusing to give up her bus seat to a white man. Her actions sparked a boycott by 40,000 African Americans against public bus services in Montgomery, Alabama, resulting in job losses for both her and her husband. Parks is remembered for her strong belief in justice and freedom, as reflected in her quotes promoting courage and equality.