Valladolid, Spain has been working to transition to a circular economy through various policies and initiatives since 2015. Key drivers included the EU Circular Economy Action Plan, declarations of commitment from Spanish cities, and reports on the circular economy in Spain. Valladolid developed a roadmap in 2017 and provided subsidies to support the circular economy. An OECD review mission in 2019 provided recommendations to further Valladolid's circular transition by engaging stakeholders, aligning policies to provide regulatory support for innovation, and strengthening governance through actions like developing a monitoring framework.