The document provides guidance on describing clastic cuttings from drilling operations. It outlines 12 aspects that should be included in a cutting description, in a specific order: 1) rock type, 2) colour, 3) hardness, 4) fracture and texture, 5) grain size, 6) sorting, 7) angularity/roundness, 8) sphericity, 9) matrix, 10) cementation, 11) accessories and fossils, 12) porosity, and 13) hydrocarbon indications. Descriptions of arenaceous and argillaceous rocks are also provided, along with guidelines on determining lithology, colour, hardness, texture, and other characteristics. Proper terminology and methods for accurate cutting descriptions are emphasized
The eighth presentation of a series of presentations on Operations Geology. Very basic, just to introduce beginners to operations geology. I hope the end users will find this and the following presentations very helpful.
This document provides information on cutting petrography and logging sedimentary rocks. It discusses the classification and relative abundance of sedimentary rocks such as siliciclastic, biogenic, evaporite, and volcaniclastic rocks. It also describes how to characterize cuttings through descriptions of rock type, color, hardness, grain size, sorting, matrix, cementation, accessories, porosity, and hydrocarbon indications. Sample logs from various localities are also presented following this standardized description order.
This document discusses drilling cuttings analysis. It defines cuttings as small rock pieces chipped away during drilling. Cuttings are sampled regularly and analyzed to determine stratigraphy, structure, mineralogy, and pore types. This provides information on rock composition, texture, and fossils with only a small sample. Cuttings analysis is cheap, quick, and the first opportunity to examine penetrated rocks. However, cuttings can become contaminated through cavings, bit-metamorphism, lost circulation materials, and mixing during trips. The document also discusses catching, preparing, washing, drying, and analyzing cuttings petrography. It provides information on lag time calculation and different sample types.
The document provides an overview of density logging, which measures rock bulk density along a wellbore. It defines density logging, describes the tool and principles behind it, and discusses how density logs can be used to evaluate porosity, lithology, shale compaction, and other geological features. Key applications include porosity calculation, lithology identification when combined with neutron logs, detecting unconformities from changes in shale compaction trends, and identifying lithologies like coal or pyrite from their characteristically low or high densities.
Well lod ,well Testing and mud logging Ghulam Abbas AbbasiUniversity of Sindh
Well logging records measurements made in boreholes to characterize underground formations. Key logs described include gamma ray, which measures natural radioactivity to identify shale; spontaneous potential, which indicates lithology; caliper, which measures borehole size; resistivity, which distinguishes water and hydrocarbon zones; and neutron, which determines porosity. Mud logging continuously monitors drilling mud and cuttings for gas readings. Well testing evaluates reservoir properties through daily tests and drill stem tests to determine flow rates and commercial potential.
This document discusses rock mechanics challenges in underground construction and mining. It begins with definitions of rock and rock mechanics. It then outlines some of the key challenges faced like swelling, spalling, maintaining standup time of rock walls, and supporting deep excavations. Opportunities that come from addressing these challenges are also mentioned. Important rock mechanics terms are defined. The document concludes with a question and answer section.
The document provides guidance on describing clastic cuttings from drilling operations. It outlines 12 aspects that should be included in a cutting description, in a specific order: 1) rock type, 2) colour, 3) hardness, 4) fracture and texture, 5) grain size, 6) sorting, 7) angularity/roundness, 8) sphericity, 9) matrix, 10) cementation, 11) accessories and fossils, 12) porosity, and 13) hydrocarbon indications. Descriptions of arenaceous and argillaceous rocks are also provided, along with guidelines on determining lithology, colour, hardness, texture, and other characteristics. Proper terminology and methods for accurate cutting descriptions are emphasized
The eighth presentation of a series of presentations on Operations Geology. Very basic, just to introduce beginners to operations geology. I hope the end users will find this and the following presentations very helpful.
This document provides information on cutting petrography and logging sedimentary rocks. It discusses the classification and relative abundance of sedimentary rocks such as siliciclastic, biogenic, evaporite, and volcaniclastic rocks. It also describes how to characterize cuttings through descriptions of rock type, color, hardness, grain size, sorting, matrix, cementation, accessories, porosity, and hydrocarbon indications. Sample logs from various localities are also presented following this standardized description order.
This document discusses drilling cuttings analysis. It defines cuttings as small rock pieces chipped away during drilling. Cuttings are sampled regularly and analyzed to determine stratigraphy, structure, mineralogy, and pore types. This provides information on rock composition, texture, and fossils with only a small sample. Cuttings analysis is cheap, quick, and the first opportunity to examine penetrated rocks. However, cuttings can become contaminated through cavings, bit-metamorphism, lost circulation materials, and mixing during trips. The document also discusses catching, preparing, washing, drying, and analyzing cuttings petrography. It provides information on lag time calculation and different sample types.
The document provides an overview of density logging, which measures rock bulk density along a wellbore. It defines density logging, describes the tool and principles behind it, and discusses how density logs can be used to evaluate porosity, lithology, shale compaction, and other geological features. Key applications include porosity calculation, lithology identification when combined with neutron logs, detecting unconformities from changes in shale compaction trends, and identifying lithologies like coal or pyrite from their characteristically low or high densities.
Well lod ,well Testing and mud logging Ghulam Abbas AbbasiUniversity of Sindh
Well logging records measurements made in boreholes to characterize underground formations. Key logs described include gamma ray, which measures natural radioactivity to identify shale; spontaneous potential, which indicates lithology; caliper, which measures borehole size; resistivity, which distinguishes water and hydrocarbon zones; and neutron, which determines porosity. Mud logging continuously monitors drilling mud and cuttings for gas readings. Well testing evaluates reservoir properties through daily tests and drill stem tests to determine flow rates and commercial potential.
This document discusses rock mechanics challenges in underground construction and mining. It begins with definitions of rock and rock mechanics. It then outlines some of the key challenges faced like swelling, spalling, maintaining standup time of rock walls, and supporting deep excavations. Opportunities that come from addressing these challenges are also mentioned. Important rock mechanics terms are defined. The document concludes with a question and answer section.
The document provides information about resistivity logs including:
1. It discusses factors that affect resistivity like salinity, porosity, lithology, and clay content. It also explains the principles and theoretical considerations of resistivity logs.
2. It describes different resistivity tools like focused devices (Laterolog, Dual Laterolog, Spherically Focused Log) and unfocused devices (Normal Log, Lateral Log). It also discusses micro-resistivity devices.
3. The document discusses log characteristics including depth of investigation, bed resolution, and different scales used in resistivity logs. It explains how resistivity logs can be used for lithology identification, correlation, and permeability determination.
This document provides guidance for a quick log analysis by a petrophysicist. It outlines the key sections to include such as well summary, regional geology, strathigraphy, hydrocarbon and pressure analyses. For each test or analysis, it recommends displaying the relevant well logs and providing interpretations to justify conclusions. It also provides examples of how to summarize key information like hydrocarbon shows, test profiles, and pressure analyses. Pressure data can be used to determine reservoir fluid contacts while sonic logs can identify regional overpressure zones. Drilling data is discussed though noted to be more relevant for drilling engineers than geologists.
Mud logging involves collecting and analyzing drill cuttings and mud properties to interpret lithology and detect hydrocarbon shows. It relies on mud circulation from the mud pump through the drill string and annulus to the shale shaker where cuttings are examined. The mud logger monitors and records drilling parameters and cuttings data to help assess the producibility of formations. However, mud logging becomes less accurate at depths over 3000m where cuttings are mixed and it takes longer for mud to return to the surface.
Oslo university basic well log analysis introductionJavier Espinoza
The document provides an overview of basic well log analysis methods used to derive petrophysical properties for hydrocarbon exploration. It discusses the borehole environment, including invasion of drilling mud into formations. It also covers open and cased hole logs, the three main types of logs (electrical, nuclear, acoustic), and how logs are used to infer properties like lithology, porosity, permeability, water saturation, and resistivity. Key concepts discussed include Archie's law, borehole resistivity profiles, and correcting mud and water resistivities for formation temperature.
Reservoir Porosity; Porosity Definition; Types Porosity; Origins of Porosity in Clastics and Carbonates; Primary (Original) Porosity; Secondary (Induced) Porosity; Pore Space Porosity Classification; Absolute (or Total) Porosity; Effective Porosity; Porosity Calculated; Porosity Values; Porosity in Sandstone; Sandstones Porosity Types; Factors That Affect Porosity in Sandstones ; Grain Packing in Sandstone; Progressive Destruction of Bedding Through Bioturbation; Dual Porosity in Sandstone; Dissolution Porosity in Sandstone; Porosity in Carbonate; Carbonates Porosity Types; Idealized Carbonate Porosity Types; Comparison of Total and Effective Porosities; Reservoir Average Porosity; MEASUREMENT OF POROSITY
Sonic logs measure the travel time of sound waves through formations to determine properties like porosity. There are four main wave types measured: compressional, shear, Stoneley, and mud waves. Early sonic tools had issues, but later tools like dual receiver and borehole compensated tools overcame problems by using multiple receivers and transmitters. Sonic logs can be used to calculate porosity through a simple relationship between travel time and porosity. They also provide qualitative insights into lithology, texture, compaction, and identifying fractures. Sonic logs help calibrate seismic data by providing very high resolution formation measurements.
This document discusses the key geological elements of a petroleum system including source rocks, reservoir rocks, seals, migration routes, and traps. It explains that source rocks contain organic matter that generates hydrocarbons through diagenesis, catagenesis and metagenesis as the rocks are buried deeper. Reservoir rocks have pore spaces that can absorb hydrocarbons, while seal rocks are impermeable layers that trap hydrocarbons between them and the reservoir rock. Traps form where hydrocarbons are blocked from further migrating, such as in structural traps like folds and faults or stratigraphic traps caused by changes in rock layers.
This document discusses mudstones, a type of sedimentary rock. It defines mudstones as clastic rocks with at least 50% mud when mixed with sand or at least 70% mud when mixed with gravel. Mudstones are classified based on their grain size as either siltstones or claystones. Shales are indurated mudstones that display fissility, while argillites are indurated mudstones that show poor fissility and can be considered low-grade metamorphic rocks. Clay mineralogy in mudstones provides important geological information that is best studied using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction due to the small grain size.
- The document discusses reservoir characteristics including rock and fluid properties that are important to understand for optimal hydrocarbon recovery. Techniques like seismic data, well logging, and testing provide valuable data to build reservoir models.
- Key rock properties that impact hydrocarbon storage and flow include porosity, permeability, and wettability. Core analysis in the lab and well logs provide data on these properties.
- Understanding fluid properties like phase behavior under reservoir conditions of pressure and temperature is also important for predicting production performance and fluid composition.
Seismic interpretation and well logging techniquesPramoda Raj
This document provides an overview of seismic interpretation and well logging techniques used in hydrocarbon exploration. It begins with introducing the aims and objectives, which are to understand the principles of seismic interpretation and well log interpretation. It then discusses various topics related to petroleum exploration including basins in India, petroleum systems elements, geophysical exploration methods, seismic surveys, well logging tools, and seismic and well log interpretation. The conclusion emphasizes that the work helped to interpret well logs and seismic sections to understand subsurface lithology and formations.
1. The document discusses spontaneous potential (SP) logging, which measures the electrical potential difference between a downhole electrode and a surface reference electrode. SP logs can be used both qualitatively to detect permeable beds and quantitatively to determine formation water resistivity and shale volume.
2. The key factors that affect the SP response are the ratio between mud filtrate resistivity (Rmf) and formation water resistivity (Rw), as well as bed thickness, resistivity, and porosity. Positive deflections occur when Rmf > Rw and negative deflections when Rmf < Rw. No deflection occurs when Rmf = Rw.
3. Examples are given of how to calculate shale
1. The document discusses various well logging tools and concepts used in petrophysical interpretation. It describes tools such as the spontaneous potential (SP) log, gamma ray (GR) log, resistivity logs including induction and lateral logs, and porosity logs.
2. Key concepts covered include the logging environment and factors that impact tool measurements like borehole conditions and mud properties. Interpretation techniques for evaluating permeable zones, formation resistivity, water saturation, and porosity are also summarized.
3. The document provides examples of using tools and concepts like the Archie formula to calculate water resistivity, determine hydrocarbon presence, and evaluate clean versus shaly formations. It also discusses corrections that must be applied to well log
The reservoir (rock porosity and permeability)salahudintanoli
Reservoir rock is the one of the important component in petroleum system i.e without it petroleum system is impossible. This presentation contain all necessary information regarding reservoir rock.
well logging tools and exercise_dileep p allavarapuknigh7
Logging is a process that provides comprehensive formation information through continuously recording parameter measurements with depth. It plays an important role in exploration and production by obtaining resistivity, porosity, and lithology logs to identify hydrocarbon-bearing zones. Different disciplines like drilling, logging, core analysis, and reservoir modeling are interrelated and provide both open and cased hole data. Logs are interpreted to calculate parameters like water saturation, hydrocarbon saturation, and effective porosity, with the goal of determining hydrocarbon saturation multiplied by effective porosity in reservoir units. Accurate interpretation requires integration of log data with core analysis and rock physics studies.
This document defines and describes sonic logging. Sonic logging measures the travel time of sound waves through rock formations using a downhole tool. There are different types of measuring waves including P, S, Stoneley, and mud waves. Sonic tools have evolved over time from early tools with one transmitter and receiver to dual receiver and borehole compensated tools. Sonic logs can be used to determine porosity, identify lithology, correlate formations, analyze compaction, detect overpressure, and generate synthetic seismograms.
What is the different between the net pay and resrvoir thicknessStudent
Prepared by Yasir Albeatiy
Contact me with information below:
E-Mail: yasiralbeatiy2015@gmail.com
Phone No. + Whatsapp : +9647828319225
Facebook Page: www.facebook.com/petroleumengineeringz
The neutron log measures formation porosity by bombarding it with neutrons. These neutrons interact with hydrogen atoms in the formation and produce gamma rays. The tool counts the gamma rays to determine porosity, with more hydrogen indicating more pore space and fluid. However, the neutron log can incorrectly indicate high porosity in shales due to bound water in clays. The NMR log is used to distinguish between bound and movable fluid to correct this shale effect. The neutron log is useful for determining porosity, delineating porous formations, detecting gas, and estimating shale content.
The document discusses sedimentary rocks, describing their formation from weathering and erosion of pre-existing rocks. Sediment is transported via water or wind and sorted by size into gravel, sand, silt, or clay. Sediment is then deposited and may undergo lithification into sedimentary rock through compaction and cementation. The main types of sedimentary rocks are clastic (formed from fragments), chemical (formed from precipitation), and biochemical (containing organic material). Sedimentary structures provide clues about the environment of deposition, and the interpretation of these rocks can reveal information about past plate tectonic settings and conditions. Sedimentary rocks are an important source of non-metallic and energy resources.
The document discusses sedimentary rocks, which form through the lithification of sediments. Sediments are broken down into sizes from boulders to clay and are transported, deposited, and compacted in environments like beaches, rivers, lakes and oceans. Over time, sediments are cemented together by minerals like silica and calcite to form sedimentary rocks. The main types are clastic rocks like sandstone and conglomerate formed from fragments, and chemical rocks like limestone and halite formed from mineral precipitation. Biochemical rocks like coal also form from organic material. Sedimentary structures provide clues to depositional environments.
The document provides information about resistivity logs including:
1. It discusses factors that affect resistivity like salinity, porosity, lithology, and clay content. It also explains the principles and theoretical considerations of resistivity logs.
2. It describes different resistivity tools like focused devices (Laterolog, Dual Laterolog, Spherically Focused Log) and unfocused devices (Normal Log, Lateral Log). It also discusses micro-resistivity devices.
3. The document discusses log characteristics including depth of investigation, bed resolution, and different scales used in resistivity logs. It explains how resistivity logs can be used for lithology identification, correlation, and permeability determination.
This document provides guidance for a quick log analysis by a petrophysicist. It outlines the key sections to include such as well summary, regional geology, strathigraphy, hydrocarbon and pressure analyses. For each test or analysis, it recommends displaying the relevant well logs and providing interpretations to justify conclusions. It also provides examples of how to summarize key information like hydrocarbon shows, test profiles, and pressure analyses. Pressure data can be used to determine reservoir fluid contacts while sonic logs can identify regional overpressure zones. Drilling data is discussed though noted to be more relevant for drilling engineers than geologists.
Mud logging involves collecting and analyzing drill cuttings and mud properties to interpret lithology and detect hydrocarbon shows. It relies on mud circulation from the mud pump through the drill string and annulus to the shale shaker where cuttings are examined. The mud logger monitors and records drilling parameters and cuttings data to help assess the producibility of formations. However, mud logging becomes less accurate at depths over 3000m where cuttings are mixed and it takes longer for mud to return to the surface.
Oslo university basic well log analysis introductionJavier Espinoza
The document provides an overview of basic well log analysis methods used to derive petrophysical properties for hydrocarbon exploration. It discusses the borehole environment, including invasion of drilling mud into formations. It also covers open and cased hole logs, the three main types of logs (electrical, nuclear, acoustic), and how logs are used to infer properties like lithology, porosity, permeability, water saturation, and resistivity. Key concepts discussed include Archie's law, borehole resistivity profiles, and correcting mud and water resistivities for formation temperature.
Reservoir Porosity; Porosity Definition; Types Porosity; Origins of Porosity in Clastics and Carbonates; Primary (Original) Porosity; Secondary (Induced) Porosity; Pore Space Porosity Classification; Absolute (or Total) Porosity; Effective Porosity; Porosity Calculated; Porosity Values; Porosity in Sandstone; Sandstones Porosity Types; Factors That Affect Porosity in Sandstones ; Grain Packing in Sandstone; Progressive Destruction of Bedding Through Bioturbation; Dual Porosity in Sandstone; Dissolution Porosity in Sandstone; Porosity in Carbonate; Carbonates Porosity Types; Idealized Carbonate Porosity Types; Comparison of Total and Effective Porosities; Reservoir Average Porosity; MEASUREMENT OF POROSITY
Sonic logs measure the travel time of sound waves through formations to determine properties like porosity. There are four main wave types measured: compressional, shear, Stoneley, and mud waves. Early sonic tools had issues, but later tools like dual receiver and borehole compensated tools overcame problems by using multiple receivers and transmitters. Sonic logs can be used to calculate porosity through a simple relationship between travel time and porosity. They also provide qualitative insights into lithology, texture, compaction, and identifying fractures. Sonic logs help calibrate seismic data by providing very high resolution formation measurements.
This document discusses the key geological elements of a petroleum system including source rocks, reservoir rocks, seals, migration routes, and traps. It explains that source rocks contain organic matter that generates hydrocarbons through diagenesis, catagenesis and metagenesis as the rocks are buried deeper. Reservoir rocks have pore spaces that can absorb hydrocarbons, while seal rocks are impermeable layers that trap hydrocarbons between them and the reservoir rock. Traps form where hydrocarbons are blocked from further migrating, such as in structural traps like folds and faults or stratigraphic traps caused by changes in rock layers.
This document discusses mudstones, a type of sedimentary rock. It defines mudstones as clastic rocks with at least 50% mud when mixed with sand or at least 70% mud when mixed with gravel. Mudstones are classified based on their grain size as either siltstones or claystones. Shales are indurated mudstones that display fissility, while argillites are indurated mudstones that show poor fissility and can be considered low-grade metamorphic rocks. Clay mineralogy in mudstones provides important geological information that is best studied using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction due to the small grain size.
- The document discusses reservoir characteristics including rock and fluid properties that are important to understand for optimal hydrocarbon recovery. Techniques like seismic data, well logging, and testing provide valuable data to build reservoir models.
- Key rock properties that impact hydrocarbon storage and flow include porosity, permeability, and wettability. Core analysis in the lab and well logs provide data on these properties.
- Understanding fluid properties like phase behavior under reservoir conditions of pressure and temperature is also important for predicting production performance and fluid composition.
Seismic interpretation and well logging techniquesPramoda Raj
This document provides an overview of seismic interpretation and well logging techniques used in hydrocarbon exploration. It begins with introducing the aims and objectives, which are to understand the principles of seismic interpretation and well log interpretation. It then discusses various topics related to petroleum exploration including basins in India, petroleum systems elements, geophysical exploration methods, seismic surveys, well logging tools, and seismic and well log interpretation. The conclusion emphasizes that the work helped to interpret well logs and seismic sections to understand subsurface lithology and formations.
1. The document discusses spontaneous potential (SP) logging, which measures the electrical potential difference between a downhole electrode and a surface reference electrode. SP logs can be used both qualitatively to detect permeable beds and quantitatively to determine formation water resistivity and shale volume.
2. The key factors that affect the SP response are the ratio between mud filtrate resistivity (Rmf) and formation water resistivity (Rw), as well as bed thickness, resistivity, and porosity. Positive deflections occur when Rmf > Rw and negative deflections when Rmf < Rw. No deflection occurs when Rmf = Rw.
3. Examples are given of how to calculate shale
1. The document discusses various well logging tools and concepts used in petrophysical interpretation. It describes tools such as the spontaneous potential (SP) log, gamma ray (GR) log, resistivity logs including induction and lateral logs, and porosity logs.
2. Key concepts covered include the logging environment and factors that impact tool measurements like borehole conditions and mud properties. Interpretation techniques for evaluating permeable zones, formation resistivity, water saturation, and porosity are also summarized.
3. The document provides examples of using tools and concepts like the Archie formula to calculate water resistivity, determine hydrocarbon presence, and evaluate clean versus shaly formations. It also discusses corrections that must be applied to well log
The reservoir (rock porosity and permeability)salahudintanoli
Reservoir rock is the one of the important component in petroleum system i.e without it petroleum system is impossible. This presentation contain all necessary information regarding reservoir rock.
well logging tools and exercise_dileep p allavarapuknigh7
Logging is a process that provides comprehensive formation information through continuously recording parameter measurements with depth. It plays an important role in exploration and production by obtaining resistivity, porosity, and lithology logs to identify hydrocarbon-bearing zones. Different disciplines like drilling, logging, core analysis, and reservoir modeling are interrelated and provide both open and cased hole data. Logs are interpreted to calculate parameters like water saturation, hydrocarbon saturation, and effective porosity, with the goal of determining hydrocarbon saturation multiplied by effective porosity in reservoir units. Accurate interpretation requires integration of log data with core analysis and rock physics studies.
This document defines and describes sonic logging. Sonic logging measures the travel time of sound waves through rock formations using a downhole tool. There are different types of measuring waves including P, S, Stoneley, and mud waves. Sonic tools have evolved over time from early tools with one transmitter and receiver to dual receiver and borehole compensated tools. Sonic logs can be used to determine porosity, identify lithology, correlate formations, analyze compaction, detect overpressure, and generate synthetic seismograms.
What is the different between the net pay and resrvoir thicknessStudent
Prepared by Yasir Albeatiy
Contact me with information below:
E-Mail: yasiralbeatiy2015@gmail.com
Phone No. + Whatsapp : +9647828319225
Facebook Page: www.facebook.com/petroleumengineeringz
The neutron log measures formation porosity by bombarding it with neutrons. These neutrons interact with hydrogen atoms in the formation and produce gamma rays. The tool counts the gamma rays to determine porosity, with more hydrogen indicating more pore space and fluid. However, the neutron log can incorrectly indicate high porosity in shales due to bound water in clays. The NMR log is used to distinguish between bound and movable fluid to correct this shale effect. The neutron log is useful for determining porosity, delineating porous formations, detecting gas, and estimating shale content.
The document discusses sedimentary rocks, describing their formation from weathering and erosion of pre-existing rocks. Sediment is transported via water or wind and sorted by size into gravel, sand, silt, or clay. Sediment is then deposited and may undergo lithification into sedimentary rock through compaction and cementation. The main types of sedimentary rocks are clastic (formed from fragments), chemical (formed from precipitation), and biochemical (containing organic material). Sedimentary structures provide clues about the environment of deposition, and the interpretation of these rocks can reveal information about past plate tectonic settings and conditions. Sedimentary rocks are an important source of non-metallic and energy resources.
The document discusses sedimentary rocks, which form through the lithification of sediments. Sediments are broken down into sizes from boulders to clay and are transported, deposited, and compacted in environments like beaches, rivers, lakes and oceans. Over time, sediments are cemented together by minerals like silica and calcite to form sedimentary rocks. The main types are clastic rocks like sandstone and conglomerate formed from fragments, and chemical rocks like limestone and halite formed from mineral precipitation. Biochemical rocks like coal also form from organic material. Sedimentary structures provide clues to depositional environments.
This document discusses mining and its environmental impacts. It describes different types of mining including surface mining techniques like open pit and strip mining as well as underground techniques. Factors that determine the mining method used include the depth, size, and shape of the ore body. The document also covers beneficiation processes used to separate ore from waste and smelting to extract metals from ores. Potential environmental problems from mining include disposal of waste rock, acid mine drainage, subsidence from underground mining, and air and water pollution from beneficiation and smelting operations.
Natural stone has been used by humans for shelter and tools since ancient times. Stone embodies environmentally friendly attributes like durability, low maintenance, and recyclability. The LEED rating system recognizes stone's environmental benefits. The document then provides details on various types of natural stones including semi-precious stone, marble, granite, Venice stone, silestone, glass, sandstone, limestone, quartzite and slate. It emphasizes that natural stone has an ecological lifecycle from extraction to installation, unlike synthetic materials.
The document discusses stone and reinforced masonry. It describes different types of rocks used in stone masonry like igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. Granite, limestone, sandstone, marble and slate are some examples. It also discusses quarrying and production of building stones. Various types of stone masonry walls and their construction techniques like rubble masonry, ashlar masonry and coursed stone masonry are described. The document also discusses precast concrete masonry units used to construct walls along with reinforcement details.
Similar to Rock Cuttings from the Hibernia Field (6)
Plate tectonics and continental drift help explain how the continents have moved over hundreds of millions of years and shaped the Earth's geography. Reconstructions of past continental positions show that originally all land was joined in a supercontinent called Pangaea, which then gradually split apart due to movement of tectonic plates. As the plates shifted over millions of years, the splitting of Pangaea caused the continents to separate and move into their current positions, creating ocean basins and shaping mountain ranges in the process.
1. Oil and gas form from organic matter such as algae, bacteria, and plankton that lived millions of years ago. This organic matter accumulated on lake and ocean floors and was buried over time under layers of mud, clay, and sand.
2. As the organic matter was buried deeper in the Earth, increasing heat and pressure caused it to slowly transform into oil and gas over millions of years.
3. For oil and gas deposits to form, there must be an organic-rich source rock, a reservoir rock to trap the oil and gas, and a seal or cap rock above to prevent it from escaping.
This presentation introduces the concept or where oil comes from. In PowerPoint "Slide Show" mode there are animations that will enhance the presentation that cannot be seen in still images alone.
PETROPHYSICAL_LOGS_BASIC_TYPES_2018_11_01Glenn Power
This document discusses how wireline logs and seismic data can be used together to determine the layering and faults within an offshore oilfield. Wireline logs from multiple wells reveal the sediment layers deposited over time, while seismic helps identify movements like faults that occurred after deposition. The logs and seismic data provide information about the geological structure of the Hibernia Field offshore.
SANDSTONE_v_SILTSTONE_examples_2018_11_01Glenn Power
The document analyzes and compares sandstone and silty sandstone cuttings samples. It finds that the samples contain a mix of higher quality sandstone and lower quality silty sandstone. Over multiple images taken under ultraviolet light at different time intervals after applying a solvent, the document highlights the differences between the brighter "good sandstone" and the less bright "silty sandstone".
The broad overview of the Oil and Gas Industry contained in this PowerPoint presentation contains more technical detail than the “Broad Overview for Non-technical Staff”. It is intended for executive staff who lack a background in Geoscience and/or Engineering and/or for new employees to the industry.
Unveiling the Dynamic Personalities, Key Dates, and Horoscope Insights: Gemin...my Pandit
Explore the fascinating world of the Gemini Zodiac Sign. Discover the unique personality traits, key dates, and horoscope insights of Gemini individuals. Learn how their sociable, communicative nature and boundless curiosity make them the dynamic explorers of the zodiac. Dive into the duality of the Gemini sign and understand their intellectual and adventurous spirit.
Navigating the world of forex trading can be challenging, especially for beginners. To help you make an informed decision, we have comprehensively compared the best forex brokers in India for 2024. This article, reviewed by Top Forex Brokers Review, will cover featured award winners, the best forex brokers, featured offers, the best copy trading platforms, the best forex brokers for beginners, the best MetaTrader brokers, and recently updated reviews. We will focus on FP Markets, Black Bull, EightCap, IC Markets, and Octa.
Part 2 Deep Dive: Navigating the 2024 Slowdownjeffkluth1
Introduction
The global retail industry has weathered numerous storms, with the financial crisis of 2008 serving as a poignant reminder of the sector's resilience and adaptability. However, as we navigate the complex landscape of 2024, retailers face a unique set of challenges that demand innovative strategies and a fundamental shift in mindset. This white paper contrasts the impact of the 2008 recession on the retail sector with the current headwinds retailers are grappling with, while offering a comprehensive roadmap for success in this new paradigm.
Best Competitive Marble Pricing in Dubai - ☎ 9928909666Stone Art Hub
Stone Art Hub offers the best competitive Marble Pricing in Dubai, ensuring affordability without compromising quality. With a wide range of exquisite marble options to choose from, you can enhance your spaces with elegance and sophistication. For inquiries or orders, contact us at ☎ 9928909666. Experience luxury at unbeatable prices.
Digital Marketing with a Focus on Sustainabilitysssourabhsharma
Digital Marketing best practices including influencer marketing, content creators, and omnichannel marketing for Sustainable Brands at the Sustainable Cosmetics Summit 2024 in New York
Cover Story - China's Investment Leader - Dr. Alyce SUmsthrill
In World Expo 2010 Shanghai – the most visited Expo in the World History
https://www.britannica.com/event/Expo-Shanghai-2010
China’s official organizer of the Expo, CCPIT (China Council for the Promotion of International Trade https://en.ccpit.org/) has chosen Dr. Alyce Su as the Cover Person with Cover Story, in the Expo’s official magazine distributed throughout the Expo, showcasing China’s New Generation of Leaders to the World.
Zodiac Signs and Food Preferences_ What Your Sign Says About Your Tastemy Pandit
Know what your zodiac sign says about your taste in food! Explore how the 12 zodiac signs influence your culinary preferences with insights from MyPandit. Dive into astrology and flavors!
[To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
This PowerPoint compilation offers a comprehensive overview of 20 leading innovation management frameworks and methodologies, selected for their broad applicability across various industries and organizational contexts. These frameworks are valuable resources for a wide range of users, including business professionals, educators, and consultants.
Each framework is presented with visually engaging diagrams and templates, ensuring the content is both informative and appealing. While this compilation is thorough, please note that the slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be sufficient for standalone instructional purposes.
This compilation is ideal for anyone looking to enhance their understanding of innovation management and drive meaningful change within their organization. Whether you aim to improve product development processes, enhance customer experiences, or drive digital transformation, these frameworks offer valuable insights and tools to help you achieve your goals.
INCLUDED FRAMEWORKS/MODELS:
1. Stanford’s Design Thinking
2. IDEO’s Human-Centered Design
3. Strategyzer’s Business Model Innovation
4. Lean Startup Methodology
5. Agile Innovation Framework
6. Doblin’s Ten Types of Innovation
7. McKinsey’s Three Horizons of Growth
8. Customer Journey Map
9. Christensen’s Disruptive Innovation Theory
10. Blue Ocean Strategy
11. Strategyn’s Jobs-To-Be-Done (JTBD) Framework with Job Map
12. Design Sprint Framework
13. The Double Diamond
14. Lean Six Sigma DMAIC
15. TRIZ Problem-Solving Framework
16. Edward de Bono’s Six Thinking Hats
17. Stage-Gate Model
18. Toyota’s Six Steps of Kaizen
19. Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
20. Design for Six Sigma (DFSS)
To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
[To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
This presentation is a curated compilation of PowerPoint diagrams and templates designed to illustrate 20 different digital transformation frameworks and models. These frameworks are based on recent industry trends and best practices, ensuring that the content remains relevant and up-to-date.
Key highlights include Microsoft's Digital Transformation Framework, which focuses on driving innovation and efficiency, and McKinsey's Ten Guiding Principles, which provide strategic insights for successful digital transformation. Additionally, Forrester's framework emphasizes enhancing customer experiences and modernizing IT infrastructure, while IDC's MaturityScape helps assess and develop organizational digital maturity. MIT's framework explores cutting-edge strategies for achieving digital success.
These materials are perfect for enhancing your business or classroom presentations, offering visual aids to supplement your insights. Please note that while comprehensive, these slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be complete for standalone instructional purposes.
Frameworks/Models included:
Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
McKinsey’s Ten Guiding Principles of Digital Transformation
Forrester’s Digital Transformation Framework
IDC’s Digital Transformation MaturityScape
MIT’s Digital Transformation Framework
Gartner’s Digital Transformation Framework
Accenture’s Digital Strategy & Enterprise Frameworks
Deloitte’s Digital Industrial Transformation Framework
Capgemini’s Digital Transformation Framework
PwC’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cisco’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cognizant’s Digital Transformation Framework
DXC Technology’s Digital Transformation Framework
The BCG Strategy Palette
McKinsey’s Digital Transformation Framework
Digital Transformation Compass
Four Levels of Digital Maturity
Design Thinking Framework
Business Model Canvas
Customer Journey Map
Call8328958814 satta matka Kalyan result satta guessing➑➌➋➑➒➎➑➑➊➍
Satta Matka Kalyan Main Mumbai Fastest Results
Satta Matka ❋ Sattamatka ❋ New Mumbai Ratan Satta Matka ❋ Fast Matka ❋ Milan Market ❋ Kalyan Matka Results ❋ Satta Game ❋ Matka Game ❋ Satta Matka ❋ Kalyan Satta Matka ❋ Mumbai Main ❋ Online Matka Results ❋ Satta Matka Tips ❋ Milan Chart ❋ Satta Matka Boss❋ New Star Day ❋ Satta King ❋ Live Satta Matka Results ❋ Satta Matka Company ❋ Indian Matka ❋ Satta Matka 143❋ Kalyan Night Matka..
Ellen Burstyn: From Detroit Dreamer to Hollywood Legend | CIO Women MagazineCIOWomenMagazine
In this article, we will dive into the extraordinary life of Ellen Burstyn, where the curtains rise on a story that's far more attractive than any script.
The APCO Geopolitical Radar - Q3 2024 The Global Operating Environment for Bu...APCO
The Radar reflects input from APCO’s teams located around the world. It distils a host of interconnected events and trends into insights to inform operational and strategic decisions. Issues covered in this edition include:
IMPACT Silver is a pure silver zinc producer with over $260 million in revenue since 2008 and a large 100% owned 210km Mexico land package - 2024 catalysts includes new 14% grade zinc Plomosas mine and 20,000m of fully funded exploration drilling.
SATTA MATKA SATTA FAST RESULT KALYAN TOP MATKA RESULT KALYAN SATTA MATKA FAST RESULT MILAN RATAN RAJDHANI MAIN BAZAR MATKA FAST TIPS RESULT MATKA CHART JODI CHART PANEL CHART FREE FIX GAME SATTAMATKA ! MATKA MOBI SATTA 143 spboss.in TOP NO1 RESULT FULL RATE MATKA ONLINE GAME PLAY BY APP SPBOSS
Best practices for project execution and deliveryCLIVE MINCHIN
A select set of project management best practices to keep your project on-track, on-cost and aligned to scope. Many firms have don't have the necessary skills, diligence, methods and oversight of their projects; this leads to slippage, higher costs and longer timeframes. Often firms have a history of projects that simply failed to move the needle. These best practices will help your firm avoid these pitfalls but they require fortitude to apply.
The Steadfast and Reliable Bull: Taurus Zodiac Signmy Pandit
Explore the steadfast and reliable nature of the Taurus Zodiac Sign. Discover the personality traits, key dates, and horoscope insights that define the determined and practical Taurus, and learn how their grounded nature makes them the anchor of the zodiac.
2. This PowerPoint Presentation is intended for ‘non-technical’
persons.
The contents were initially generated (circa 1998) to share with
co-workers on the Hibernia Platform (from kitchen staff to the
‘rig bosses’) who were frequently curious about ‘what we were
drilling into’.
I took pictures of the “drill cuttings” and posted them in public
places on the Hibernia Platform so that all could share in what
even I as a geologist found to be ‘awesome’.
3. At that time, I also took pictures of the microscopic fossils that I
encountered in the drill “cuttings”. I have assembled another
PowerPoint Presentation that has those photos.
http://www.slideshare.net/GlennPower/fossilsoffshorehibernia
Additionally, there is another PowerPoint Presentation that
helps to explain how oil is formed, how we look for it, and how
we get it out of the ground.
http://www.slideshare.net/GlennPower/oil-patch-broad-overview-for-non-technicals
I am happy to share these with the public so that we can all
appreciate what we frequently take for granted. Oil and Gas.
Glenn Power, (geologist)
7. Sandstone, light grey to tan (where oil-stained), fine to very fine grained with
occasional medium grains, ‘sugary’ texture. Upper Hibernia Formation.
(20X Magnification)
9. Sandstone, light grey, fine to very fine grained with occasional medium
grains, ‘sugary’ texture. Trace bitumen, trace oil staining.
Upper Hibernia Formation. (20X Magnification)
10. Sandstone, light grey to tan where heavily oil-stained, fine grained with
occasional medium grains, ‘sugary’ texture. Trace bitumen and coaly
laminations (black layers), Middle Hibernia Formation. (20X Magnification)
11. Sandstone, light grey to tan where heavily oil-stained, fine grained with
occasional medium grains, ‘sugary’ texture. Trace bitumen and coaly
laminations (black layers), Middle Hibernia Formation. (40X Magnification)
12. Sandstone, medium to dark grey, trace pyrite, very fine grained to fine
grained, non-parallel ‘banding’ (possible indications of post depositional
movement during compaction). Trace bitumen and coaly laminations (black
layers), Lower Hibernia Formation. (40X Magnification)
13. Sandstone, translucent to light grey to tan, microcrystalline to very fine grained
with occasional medium grains, very hard, pervasive silica cement, tight.
Catalina Formation. (40X Magnification)
14. Sandstone, translucent to light grey to white, poorly sorted, very fine
grained to medium with occasional coarse grains. Coarse grains are highly
rounded and polished (possibly aeolian, wind-blown) calcareous cement,
tight, friable to hard. Catalina Formation. (40X Magnification)
15. Sandstone, translucent to light grey to off-white, microcrystalline in
part to medium grained with occasional coarse grains, very hard,
pervasive silica cement, tight. Catalina Formation. (40X Magnification)
16. Sandstone, translucent to light grey to white, microcrystalline to very
fine grained with occasional medium grains of chert, cuttings are
angular to sub-angular from impact with the drill bit. Very hard,
pervasive silica cement, tight. (10X Magnification)
17. Limestone, light grey to dark tan, crypto-crystalline, dolomitic, angular
fragments, hard. (10X Magnification)
24. Siltstone, grey to dark grey with tints of green and pink, firm to
soft, moderate swelling, moderately calcareous. (20X Magnification)
25. Shale, medium to dark grey, waxy lustre, wetted (40X Magnification)
26.
27. Shale, grey green, light grey to grey with pinkish streaks, trace
silty, firm to soft, slightly swelling, wetted. (20X Magnification)
28. Shale, dark grey with predominant pinkish streaks, firm to hard, waxy
lustre, Medial Shale of the Hibernia Formation. (20X Magnification)
29. Shale, medium to light grey, firm to hard, trace to moderate calcareous
cement. (20X Magnification)
30. Shale, medium to dark grey, firm to hard, trace calcareous cement, trace thin,
white, crypto-crystalline limestone, non-swelling, wetted . (20X Magnification)
31. Shale, dark grey, hard, NOTE, elongate shape of cuttings (splintery) is
possibly indicative of over-pressuring of the shale beds. (40X Magnification)
32. Shale, dark grey, trace brownish, hard, NOTE, elongate shape of cuttings
(splintery) is possibly indicative of over-pressuring of the shale beds.
Non-swelling, wetted. (40X Magnification)
33. Shale, dark grey associated with abundant siliceous flakes, very thin and
brittle, possible slickensides associated with encountering a fault plane.
(20X Magnification)
34. Siliceous flakes, very thin and brittle, possible slickensides associated with
encountering a fault plane. (40X Magnification)
35. Limestone, light grey to tan, with Glauconitic inclusions, firm . (10X Magnification)
36. Limestone, light grey to white, with Glauconitic inclusions, firm.
(20X Magnification)
40. Limestone, with sand and quartz pebbles, firm to hard, wetted .
(20X Magnification)
41. Limestone, white, with well rounded, highly polished, varicolored
quartz pebbles, firm to hard. (10X Magnification)
42. Limestone, white, with well rounded, highly polished, varicolored
quartz pebbles, firm to hard. (40X Magnification)
43. Limestone, white, with well rounded, highly polished, varicolored
quartz pebbles, firm to hard. (40X Magnification)
44. Quartz pebbles, well rounded, highly polished, varicolored, likely aeolian
(wind blown) contained as inclusions in Limestone (previous slides).
(20X Magnification)
45. Quartz pebbles, well rounded, highly polished, varicolored. The angular
edges of this grain are a result of the grain being fractured by the bit.
(40X Magnification)
46. Quartz and chert pebbles, well rounded, highly polished, varicolored, likely aeolian
(wind blown) contained as inclusions in Limestone (previous slides). (40X Magnification)
47. Quartz and chert pebbles, well rounded, highly polished, varicolored, likely aeolian
(wind blown) contained as inclusions in Limestone (previous slides). (40X Magnification)
48. Quartz and chert pebbles, well rounded, highly polished, varicolored, likely aeolian
(wind blown) contained as inclusions in Limestone (previous slides).
(40X Magnification)
49. Quartz pebbles, (chert) well rounded, highly polished, semi-spherical to
spherical, occasionally elongate. (20X Magnification)
50. Quartz pebbles, white, well rounded, highly polished, spherical to
sub-spherical, retrieved from predominantly soft, marly mudstone
as likely wind-blown inclusions. (40X Magnification)