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Presented by
Kinza Kanwal , Kinza Bibi
ROBOT
MISSION
To
MARS
Problem Statement
• NASA designed the Mars Climate Orbiter to facilitate
communications between Earth and automated probes on
the surface of Mars, including the Mars Polar Lander.
• The Lockheed Martin flight operations team in Colorado
designed its software to use English units. Its program
output thrust in terms of foot-pounds.
• The navigation team at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in
California designed its software to use metric units. Its
program expected thrust to be input in terms of newton's.
One foot-pound equals 4.45 newton's.
• On September 23, 1999, When it was time for the spacecraft to
fire its engine to enter orbit, the Colorado team supplied thrust
information to the California team, which relayed it to the
spacecraft. Because of the units mismatch, the navigation team
specified 4.45 times too much thrust. The spacecraft flew too
close to the surface of Mars and burned up in its atmosphere.
• The Mars Polar Lander, produced at a cost of $165 million, was
supposed to land on the south pole of Mars and provide data
that would help scientists understand how the Martian climate
has changed over time.
• On December 3, 1999, NASA lost contact with the Mars Polar
Lander. NASA engineers suspect that the system’s software got
a false signal from the landing gear and shut down the engines
100 feet above the planet’s surface.
• Several years after Spear made this observation, NASA
successfully landed two Mars Exploration Rovers on the Red
Planet . The rovers, named Opportunity and Spirit, were
launched from Earth in June and July of 2003, successfully
landing on Mars in January 2004.
• The Spirit rover operated successfully for more than five years.
Opportunity found evidence of a former saltwater lake and was
still operational ten years after its launch.
Kant Analysis
• Kantianism is the name given to the ethical
theory of the German philosopher Immanuel
Kant (1724–1804).
• He held that in order to apply to all rational
beings, any supreme principle of morality must
itself be based on reason.
Kant Analysis on
problem
It is right to do experiments for new
technology as it is important for
progress.
As it helps in weather forecast so it can
be wrong as it may provide false
information towards people.
Utilitarian Analysis
In utilitarian analysis we analyze total harm Vs Total benefit.
So in these mission the only loss was of money, which is
temporarily and recoverable whereas the failure proved to
be first step of success.
Money was lost, but they never gave up & learned from
their failure and successfully landed two rovers SPIRIT &
OPPORTUNITY to the mars.
So we conclude it was a good approach.

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Robot Mission To Mars

  • 1. Presented by Kinza Kanwal , Kinza Bibi ROBOT MISSION To MARS
  • 2. Problem Statement • NASA designed the Mars Climate Orbiter to facilitate communications between Earth and automated probes on the surface of Mars, including the Mars Polar Lander. • The Lockheed Martin flight operations team in Colorado designed its software to use English units. Its program output thrust in terms of foot-pounds. • The navigation team at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California designed its software to use metric units. Its program expected thrust to be input in terms of newton's. One foot-pound equals 4.45 newton's.
  • 3. • On September 23, 1999, When it was time for the spacecraft to fire its engine to enter orbit, the Colorado team supplied thrust information to the California team, which relayed it to the spacecraft. Because of the units mismatch, the navigation team specified 4.45 times too much thrust. The spacecraft flew too close to the surface of Mars and burned up in its atmosphere. • The Mars Polar Lander, produced at a cost of $165 million, was supposed to land on the south pole of Mars and provide data that would help scientists understand how the Martian climate has changed over time.
  • 4. • On December 3, 1999, NASA lost contact with the Mars Polar Lander. NASA engineers suspect that the system’s software got a false signal from the landing gear and shut down the engines 100 feet above the planet’s surface. • Several years after Spear made this observation, NASA successfully landed two Mars Exploration Rovers on the Red Planet . The rovers, named Opportunity and Spirit, were launched from Earth in June and July of 2003, successfully landing on Mars in January 2004. • The Spirit rover operated successfully for more than five years. Opportunity found evidence of a former saltwater lake and was still operational ten years after its launch.
  • 5. Kant Analysis • Kantianism is the name given to the ethical theory of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724–1804). • He held that in order to apply to all rational beings, any supreme principle of morality must itself be based on reason.
  • 6. Kant Analysis on problem It is right to do experiments for new technology as it is important for progress. As it helps in weather forecast so it can be wrong as it may provide false information towards people.
  • 7. Utilitarian Analysis In utilitarian analysis we analyze total harm Vs Total benefit. So in these mission the only loss was of money, which is temporarily and recoverable whereas the failure proved to be first step of success. Money was lost, but they never gave up & learned from their failure and successfully landed two rovers SPIRIT & OPPORTUNITY to the mars. So we conclude it was a good approach.