RNs role in kidney transplant recipient in the immediate post-operative period; RN\'s role in organ transplantation to assess, plan, implement, practice evidence based approach to evaluate care interventions in the care of the transplant patient . To analyse the biological, psychological and sociological effects of transplantation on the patient. Post-transplant nursing care for the patient begins in the post-anesthesia care unit. The first 24 hours after transplantation represent a critical period, marked by hemodynamic and respiratory instability, and there is a great risk of developing complications, mainly of graft rejection. The nurse treating the patient in the early post-transplant period needs specialized knowledge to reduce the problems, prevent or anticipate and intervene immediately to maximize the result of long-term graft and provide quality care throughout the hospitalization period. The behavior of diuresis is the most important element in the monitoring of renal functions, since it causes therapeutic behaviors such as hydration, medication and even surgery for urologic complications. The urinary catheter placement provides accurate measurement of urine output and determines the presence of hemorrhage and blood clot, acute graft rejection, and vascular thrombosis, and is a predictor of the development of transplantation. The urinary catheter is removed after proper healing of the anastomosis of the ureter into the bladder, when continued monitoring of urine volume is required. During the hospitalization of the patient, daily blood tests must be done, with the most relevant results including levels of serum creatinine, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), white cell count, and levels of immunosuppressive drugs. These parameters determine that the kidney function is effective and show the first signs of a possible rejection or infection, and whether the drug levels are within the therapeutic range required for the maintenance of immunosuppression or induction, maintenance and treatment of rejection. The nurse should moniter the patient\'s hemodynamic status and fluid volume to avoid post- transplant complications while maintaining central venous pressure at 10 mmHg and systolic blood pressure above 120 mmHg. Urine output is replaced on an hourly milliliter-for-milliliter basis and should be recorded hourly. RNs role in kidney transplant donor in the immediate post-operative period Donors face the possibility of post-operative complications such as bleeding, wound infection, fever, etc. Most of the post-operative complications are generally short-term and can be addressed with quality medical care. Closely monitor the renal function to assess for impairment and monitor the hematocrit to asses for bleeding . Donors experience more pain than recipient. Donor who had an open surgical approach may experience more pain than when a laproscopic approach used. Donors who had open approach will be usually discharged from hospital in 4 or 5 day.

1. RNs role in kidney transplant recipient in the immediate post-operative period;
RN's role in organ transplantation to assess, plan, implement, practice evidence based approach
to evaluate care interventions in the care of the transplant patient . To analyse the biological,
psychological and sociological effects of transplantation on the patient.
Post-transplant nursing care for the patient begins in the post-anesthesia care unit.
The first 24 hours after transplantation represent a critical period, marked by hemodynamic and
respiratory instability, and there is a great risk of developing complications, mainly of graft
rejection. The nurse treating the patient in the early post-transplant period needs specialized
knowledge to reduce the problems, prevent or anticipate and intervene immediately to maximize
the result of long-term graft and provide quality care throughout the hospitalization period.
The behavior of diuresis is the most important element in the monitoring of renal
functions, since it causes therapeutic behaviors such as hydration, medication and even surgery
for urologic complications.
The urinary catheter placement provides accurate measurement of urine output and determines
the presence of hemorrhage and blood clot, acute graft rejection, and vascular thrombosis, and is
a predictor of the development of transplantation.
The urinary catheter is removed after proper healing of the anastomosis of the ureter into the
bladder, when continued monitoring of urine volume is required. During the hospitalization of
the patient, daily blood tests must be done, with the most relevant results including levels of
serum creatinine, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), white cell count, and levels of
immunosuppressive drugs. These parameters determine that the kidney function is effective and
show the first signs of a possible rejection or infection, and whether the drug levels are within the
therapeutic range required for the maintenance of immunosuppression or induction, maintenance
and treatment of rejection.
The nurse should moniter the patient's hemodynamic status and fluid volume to avoid post-
transplant complications while maintaining central venous pressure at 10 mmHg and systolic
blood pressure above 120 mmHg.
Urine output is replaced on an hourly milliliter-for-milliliter basis and should be recorded
hourly.
RNs role in kidney transplant donor in the immediate post-operative period
Donors face the possibility of post-operative complications such as bleeding, wound infection,
fever, etc. Most of the post-operative complications are generally short-term and can be
addressed with quality medical care.
Closely monitor the renal function to assess for impairment and monitor the hematocrit to asses
for bleeding .

2. Donors experience more pain than recipient. Donor who had an open surgical approach may
experience more pain than when a laproscopic approach used. Donors who had open approach
will be usually discharged from hospital in 4 or 5 days and can retyrn to work in 6 or 8 days .
With a laproscopic approach donors can be discharged in 2 or 4 days and can return to work in 4
or 6 days. The nurses caring for donor must acknowlegde the precious gift that the person has
given.
Ethical consideration ; Each type of living donation involves asking ethical questions. This is
because the treatment affects not only the people in need of transplants but also the healthy
individuals who volunteer to donate. Living donors have operations that do not benefit them and
may even cause them harm. Kidney or liver donation involves a more serious operation so it is
more likely that there could be problems either during or following the surgery. here are
important ethical standards that must be met before living donation can go ahead donors must
understand and accept the risk to themselves; there must be a very low chance of harm to the
donor’s physical or mental health, immediately or in the future; and there must be a very high
chance that the transplant will be successful.
The person offering to be a live organ donor must be: Psychologically stable, Freely willing to
donate, Free from any coercion, Medically and psycho-socially suitable, Fully informed of the
risks and benefits, Fully informed of the effectiveness of current treatment options available to
the recipient. All living donation must be completely altruistic. This means the decision to donate
must be a selfless act, made purely through the desire to improve the quality of life of a fellow
human being with no expectation of reward or reimbursement.
Sisters/brothers frequently donate because of their love and concern for the well beingof their
sibling
The act of donation should be undertaken without any pressure or coercion. Donation should be
a voluntary process.The giving of a part of oneself for the benefit of another has to be considered
one of the most selfless and wonderful acts of human nature. Society as a whole can only gain
from such acts of unmitigated kindness. All donors should be proud of their generosity and
unselfishness.
Solution
RNs role in kidney transplant recipient in the immediate post-operative period;
RN's role in organ transplantation to assess, plan, implement, practice evidence based approach
to evaluate care interventions in the care of the transplant patient . To analyse the biological,
psychological and sociological effects of transplantation on the patient.

3. Post-transplant nursing care for the patient begins in the post-anesthesia care unit.
The first 24 hours after transplantation represent a critical period, marked by hemodynamic and
respiratory instability, and there is a great risk of developing complications, mainly of graft
rejection. The nurse treating the patient in the early post-transplant period needs specialized
knowledge to reduce the problems, prevent or anticipate and intervene immediately to maximize
the result of long-term graft and provide quality care throughout the hospitalization period.
The behavior of diuresis is the most important element in the monitoring of renal
functions, since it causes therapeutic behaviors such as hydration, medication and even surgery
for urologic complications.
The urinary catheter placement provides accurate measurement of urine output and determines
the presence of hemorrhage and blood clot, acute graft rejection, and vascular thrombosis, and is
a predictor of the development of transplantation.
The urinary catheter is removed after proper healing of the anastomosis of the ureter into the
bladder, when continued monitoring of urine volume is required. During the hospitalization of
the patient, daily blood tests must be done, with the most relevant results including levels of
serum creatinine, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), white cell count, and levels of
immunosuppressive drugs. These parameters determine that the kidney function is effective and
show the first signs of a possible rejection or infection, and whether the drug levels are within the
therapeutic range required for the maintenance of immunosuppression or induction, maintenance
and treatment of rejection.
The nurse should moniter the patient's hemodynamic status and fluid volume to avoid post-
transplant complications while maintaining central venous pressure at 10 mmHg and systolic
blood pressure above 120 mmHg.
Urine output is replaced on an hourly milliliter-for-milliliter basis and should be recorded
hourly.
RNs role in kidney transplant donor in the immediate post-operative period
Donors face the possibility of post-operative complications such as bleeding, wound infection,
fever, etc. Most of the post-operative complications are generally short-term and can be
addressed with quality medical care.
Closely monitor the renal function to assess for impairment and monitor the hematocrit to asses
for bleeding .
Donors experience more pain than recipient. Donor who had an open surgical approach may
experience more pain than when a laproscopic approach used. Donors who had open approach
will be usually discharged from hospital in 4 or 5 days and can retyrn to work in 6 or 8 days .
With a laproscopic approach donors can be discharged in 2 or 4 days and can return to work in 4
or 6 days. The nurses caring for donor must acknowlegde the precious gift that the person has

4. given.
Ethical consideration ; Each type of living donation involves asking ethical questions. This is
because the treatment affects not only the people in need of transplants but also the healthy
individuals who volunteer to donate. Living donors have operations that do not benefit them and
may even cause them harm. Kidney or liver donation involves a more serious operation so it is
more likely that there could be problems either during or following the surgery. here are
important ethical standards that must be met before living donation can go ahead donors must
understand and accept the risk to themselves; there must be a very low chance of harm to the
donor’s physical or mental health, immediately or in the future; and there must be a very high
chance that the transplant will be successful.
The person offering to be a live organ donor must be: Psychologically stable, Freely willing to
donate, Free from any coercion, Medically and psycho-socially suitable, Fully informed of the
risks and benefits, Fully informed of the effectiveness of current treatment options available to
the recipient. All living donation must be completely altruistic. This means the decision to donate
must be a selfless act, made purely through the desire to improve the quality of life of a fellow
human being with no expectation of reward or reimbursement.
Sisters/brothers frequently donate because of their love and concern for the well beingof their
sibling
The act of donation should be undertaken without any pressure or coercion. Donation should be
a voluntary process.The giving of a part of oneself for the benefit of another has to be considered
one of the most selfless and wonderful acts of human nature. Society as a whole can only gain
from such acts of unmitigated kindness. All donors should be proud of their generosity and
unselfishness.