The document summarizes the challenges and opportunities for non-communicable disease (NCD) prevention and health promotion. Some of the key challenges include differing priorities between countries, a historical focus on treatment over prevention, underutilized academic resources, too many partners working in silos, and a lack of intersectoral collaboration. Opportunities lie in taking an integrated approach, applying the most effective strategies locally, working across sectors, and addressing social determinants of health. What is needed is recognition of the total NCD burden and complexity, bringing a health promotion perspective, moving away from piecemeal approaches, understanding the economic burden, and tying NCDs to global health and development issues.