Right Realism seeks practical crime control measures rather than finding the causes of crime. It acknowledges crime is a real problem that destroys communities. Right Realists argue crime results from biological differences, faulty socialization leading to an underclass, and rational choice. They propose preventing crime through proactive policing, broken windows policy, strong communities, target hardening, and deterring crime through certainty of punishment like imprisonment. The goal is controlling crime rather than solving its root causes.
Booklet that I made for criminological theories revision, using resources from the internet. These theories include:
* Classical Theory
* Functionalist Crime Theories (includes Durkheim and Merton)
* Marxist Theory
* Right realism
* Left realism
* Labelling (Interactionism)
* Individualistic theories (learning theories, psychological theories and psychodynamic theories)
* Eysenck's theory
* Family crime theories
* Neurophysiological (brain damage)
* Neurochemical
* Kohlberg's moral development
* Behaviourist theory
How do criminals decide to commit a crime? Do they even think about the risks and benefits? Why do some commit crimes regardless of the consequences? These are some questions we often ask for ourselves because of the growing number of crimes happening in the society today.
Booklet that I made for criminological theories revision, using resources from the internet. These theories include:
* Classical Theory
* Functionalist Crime Theories (includes Durkheim and Merton)
* Marxist Theory
* Right realism
* Left realism
* Labelling (Interactionism)
* Individualistic theories (learning theories, psychological theories and psychodynamic theories)
* Eysenck's theory
* Family crime theories
* Neurophysiological (brain damage)
* Neurochemical
* Kohlberg's moral development
* Behaviourist theory
How do criminals decide to commit a crime? Do they even think about the risks and benefits? Why do some commit crimes regardless of the consequences? These are some questions we often ask for ourselves because of the growing number of crimes happening in the society today.
Sociological approaches suggest that crime is shaped by factors external to the individual: their experiences within the neighbourhood, the peer group, and the family. are shaped by between people's everyday movements through space and time.
1- What are the various theories that we use to explain why people com.docxtodd991
1. What are the various theories that we use to explain why people commit crimes? How are they broadly categorized?
Solution
In criminology, examining why people commit crime is very important in the ongoing debate of how crime should be handled and prevented. Many theories have emerged over the years, and they continue to be explored, individually and in combination, as criminologists seek the best solutions in ultimately reducing types and levels of crime. Here is a broad overview of some key theories:
Rational choice theory: People generally act in their self-interest and make decisions to commit crime after weighing the potential risks (including getting caught and punished) against the rewards.
Social disorganization theory: A person’s physical and social environments are primarily responsible for the behavioral choices that person makes. In particular, a neighborhood that has fraying social structures is more likely to have high crime rates. Such a neighborhood may have poor schools, vacant and vandalized buildings, high unemployment, and a mix of commercial and residential property.
Strain theory: Most people have similar aspirations, but they don’t all have the same opportunities or abilities. When people fail to achieve society’s expectations through approved means such as hard work and delayed gratification, they may attempt to achieve success through crime.
Social learning theory: People develop motivation to commit crime and the skills to commit crime through the people they associate with.
Social control theory: Most people would commit crime if not for the controls that society places on individuals through institutions such as schools, workplaces, churches, and families.
Labeling theory: People in power decide what acts are crimes, and the act of labeling someone a criminal is what makes him a criminal. Once a person is labeled a criminal, society takes away his opportunities, which may ultimately lead to more criminal behavior.
Biology, genetics, and evolution: Poor diet, mental illness, bad brain chemistry, and even evolutionary rewards for aggressive criminal conduct have been proposed as explanations for crime.
.
Unit III Criminological Theories Related to Juvenile .docxmarilucorr
Unit III: Criminological
Theories Related to Juvenile
Delinquency
Introduction
• As we move into Unit III of your Juvenile Delinquency course,
we will start to examine and analyze the underlying reasons of
why juveniles commit delinquent acts and/or status offenses.
Criminological Theories
• Criminology itself is the study of theories that attempt to
provide an understanding of criminal behavior and/or crime.
• In this unit, we will take a closer look at criminological theories
related to juvenile delinquency, and in particular, juvenile gangs
in America.
• Before we start into your readings for this unit, let’s examine
the following question: In your opinion, why do juveniles
commit delinquent acts and/or status offenses?
• If you forgot what status offense means, make sure you revisit
Unit I and Unit II of this course to refresh your memory.
Little John: A Juvenile’s Story
• Watch the video about interactions
between Officer McDonald and Little
John, a juvenile
https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/csu_c
ontent/courses/emergency_services/bcj/bc
j2201/15K/video/unitiii_video.mp4
• Click here to access the transcript for this
video.
Let’s begin this unit with learning more about Little John.
https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/csu_content/courses/emergency_services/bcj/bcj2201/15K/video/unitiii_video.mp4
https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/CSU_Content/courses/Emergency_Services/BCJ/BCJ2201/15K/transcripts/BCJ2201_UnitIII_Transcript.pdf
https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/csu_content/courses/emergency_services/bcj/bcj2201/15K/video/unitiii_video.mp4
https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/csu_content/courses/emergency_services/bcj/bcj2201/15K/video/unitiii_video.mp4
Criminological Theories
• Throughout the years, the truth has been sought by requesting
guidance from kings, priests, and philosophers.
• Today, however, we utilize science, which offers more accurate
answers.
• The two basic tools of science are theory and research.
• Research includes the collection of data that leads to the
identification of important variables as well as any related
variables. This, in turn, leads to new directions.
Criminological Theories
• A theory attempts to explain the events in the world (Bartollas
& Miller, 2011). It seeks to provide an explanation for the who,
what, when, where, why, and how events occur.
• Although theories try to explain events, they are not final. For
example, one theory may explain one behavior but not
another. Additionally, a theory may not explain a behavior for
all individuals.
Criminological Theories
• In the study of juvenile delinquency, there are some prominent
criminological theories that take center stage when examining
the complex issue of juvenile delinquency:
• rational choice theory,
• social learning theory, and
• strain theory.
• It is not to say that these are the only theories that exist in the
study of criminology; however, these three pa ...
Laws of crime is a comprehensive subject taught in Kathmandu University School of Law, BBM,LL.B (4th Semester) students. It will explain the introductory values associated with laws of crime. As crime differs with societies, the values also matters.
The video for this presentation is available on our Youtube channel:
https://youtube.com/allceuseducation A continuing education course for this presentation can be found at https://www.allceus.com/member/cart/index/index?c=
Unlimited Counseling CEUs for $59 https://www.allceus.com/
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Examines theories that attempt to explain the motivation for criminal behavior in order to help reduce recidivism and relapse among people with and without addictions in the criminal justice system
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Welcome to the first live UiPath Community Day Dubai! Join us for this unique occasion to meet our local and global UiPath Community and leaders. You will get a full view of the MEA region's automation landscape and the AI Powered automation technology capabilities of UiPath. Also, hosted by our local partners Marc Ellis, you will enjoy a half-day packed with industry insights and automation peers networking.
📕 Curious on our agenda? Wait no more!
10:00 Welcome note - UiPath Community in Dubai
Lovely Sinha, UiPath Community Chapter Leader, UiPath MVPx3, Hyper-automation Consultant, First Abu Dhabi Bank
10:20 A UiPath cross-region MEA overview
Ashraf El Zarka, VP and Managing Director MEA, UiPath
10:35: Customer Success Journey
Deepthi Deepak, Head of Intelligent Automation CoE, First Abu Dhabi Bank
11:15 The UiPath approach to GenAI with our three principles: improve accuracy, supercharge productivity, and automate more
Boris Krumrey, Global VP, Automation Innovation, UiPath
12:15 To discover how Marc Ellis leverages tech-driven solutions in recruitment and managed services.
Brendan Lingam, Director of Sales and Business Development, Marc Ellis
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
The Metaverse and AI: how can decision-makers harness the Metaverse for their...Jen Stirrup
The Metaverse is popularized in science fiction, and now it is becoming closer to being a part of our daily lives through the use of social media and shopping companies. How can businesses survive in a world where Artificial Intelligence is becoming the present as well as the future of technology, and how does the Metaverse fit into business strategy when futurist ideas are developing into reality at accelerated rates? How do we do this when our data isn't up to scratch? How can we move towards success with our data so we are set up for the Metaverse when it arrives?
How can you help your company evolve, adapt, and succeed using Artificial Intelligence and the Metaverse to stay ahead of the competition? What are the potential issues, complications, and benefits that these technologies could bring to us and our organizations? In this session, Jen Stirrup will explain how to start thinking about these technologies as an organisation.
2. Realist Criminology
• The realisation that crime (especially
street crime) can be nasty, brutal,
damaging and violent
• The acknowledgment that the crime
problem is a real one for many people
in Britain today – it destroys
communities, undermines social
cohesion and threatens the work ethic
3. RIGHT REALISM
Sought practical crime CONTROL measures –
worry less about finding the causes of crime
but concentrate on CONTROLLING IT – this is
a CONTROL theory:
- “GET TOUGH”
- Labelling and Critical criminologists are far too
sympathetic to criminals and excuse criminal
behaviour with reference to police labelling and
poverty/inequality/capitalism
4. RIGHT REALISM – crime does not result
from poverty:
• James Q. Wilson (1975) – in the 1960s in the US anti-
poverty programmes were accompanied by
enormous crime increases
• Ron Clarke - since the end of World War II (1945)
there have been steadily rising incomes in the UK –
but this has been accompanied by rising not falling
crime rates
• If the Marxists are right and crime is caused by
poverty why is it that the old tend to be poor yet
they have a very low crime rate
5. THE CAUSES OF CRIME
• Although Right Realists say they are not as
interested in finding the causes of crime as
controlling it they argue that there are THREE
FACTORS which cause crime.
• We can remember these three by using the
acronym memory jogger BUS R
• BIOLOGICAL differences
• UNDERCLASS/ (faulty) SOCIALISATION
• RATIONAL Choice Theory
6. EACH TABLE WILL DEAL WITH CAUSE
OF CRIME
Biological
Differences
Page 93
Wilson &
Herrnstein
Murray &
Herrnstein
Rational
Choice
Theory
Page 94
Ron Clarke
Wilson
(Faulty)
Socialisation
and the
Underclass
Page 93
Murray
Dilulio &
Walters
Rational
Choice
Theory
Page 94
Felson
7. RIGHT REALISM CAUSES OF CRIME
1 BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES
• Herrnstein & Murray (1994) argue that the main
cause of crime is low intelligence (this they argue
is biologically determined)
• Wilson & Herrnstein (1985) use a biosocial
theory (crime is caused by a combination of
biological and social factors) – some people are
innately more strongly predisposed to commit
crime – get this from personality traits like
extroversion and aggressiveness which makes
them risk-takers without self-control who act on
impulse
8. RIGHT REALISM CAUSES OF CRIME
2 SOCIALISATION AND THE UNDERCLASS
• Faulty socialisation means that kids do not learn self-
control and do not internalise moral values of right
and wrong (they remain feral children)
• Charles Murray (1994) of New Right – argument that
misguided generous welfare benefits have created a
‘new rabble’ or underclass and a mass of single
parent families which spawn delinquents. The
Underclass live in different world to respectable
people, their lifestyles characterised by deplorable
and reckless and feckless behaviour.
9. Underclass
Behaviour Effect
Illegitimate births rising especially
among lower class women. There
is no longer a stigma attached to
divorce, cohabitation, illegitimacy.
Father’s absence means kids ‘run
wild’; cohabitation does not
provide a stable childrearing
environment
Rising crime rates among lower
class males
Destroys communities by creating
suspicion/fear. Boys follow the
only role models they know
(gangsters) and turn to crime
Unemployment: many young
lower class males are unwilling to
take paid work
Young fathers cannot support a
family so don’t get married –
rising illegitimacy. Young
barbarians prove themselves
through criminality instead of paid
work.
10. Bennett, Dilulio & Walters (1996)
Crime is the result of
‘growing up surrounded by deviant, delinquent
and criminal adults in a practically perfect
criminogenic environment – that is, [one] that
seems almost consciously designed to produce
vicious, predatory unrepentant street
criminals’.
11. RIGHT REALISM CAUSES OF CRIME
3 RATIONAL CHOICE THEORY
• In this idea the criminal is seen as essentially rational
• Crime is committed when the chances are highest of
getting the maximum reward with the minimum risk
• If you can get away with it crime will rise
• If crime is more profitable than taking a job then
crime will rise
• It’s a form of "cost / benefit" analysis i.e. constantly
weighing up the costs and benefits of any action
12. RATIONAL CHOICE THEORY
• Right realists argue that the perceived costs
crime are low – that is why the crime rate has
increased. There is too little chance of being
caught, and when they are caught they are
treated leniently
• Marcus Felson (1998) argues that the presence
of ‘capable guardians’ like policemen or
neighbours deter crime because they tip the
cost-benefit analysis of crime in favour of not
offending
13. Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832)
English philosopher
Utilitarianism:Utilitarian Principle
• Humans are concerned with the search for pleasure
and the avoidance of pain
• The individual constantly takes stock of or reflects on
his or her actions, situation and choices
• The individual is seen as a calculating being who
assesses the sum total of pleasure and pain in every
action before acting
• If a given action will lead to a surplus of profit or
pleasure, then this path will be chosen
14. Right Realism – TACKLING CRIME
Given the view that crime is caused by biological
differences, faulty socialisation and rational
choice the wisest course of action is thus for
society to BOTH:
• Lessen the risks of the innocent being victimised
i.e. PREVENT
• Increase the costs of crime to those who
perpetrate it by swift and severe penalties i.e.
PUNISH - Certainty, swiftness and severity of
punishment of penalty can deter and reduce
crime
15. PREVENT and PUNISH
RIGHT REALISM: Practical Solutions
1. Pro-active policing – Regulation/Zero-Tolerance
2. Broken Windows Policy
3. Strong Communities – naming and shaming
4. Target hardening
5. Situation management/Defensible space
6. Crime Deterrence
7. Swift and lengthy imprisonment for those who
won’t obey the laws
16. 1 Pro-active Policing / Zero Tolerance
• In this sense, the role of the police is
seen to be "pro-active" involving such
things as:
• Maintaining a strong presence "on the
ground / on the beat".
• Keeping in close touch / working with
"local people" to prevent crime.
• Keeping the streets clear of "potential
criminals" (youths, drug abusers,
beggars, prostitutes and so forth).
18. 2 ‘Broken Windows’ policy
Wilson & Kelling (1982)
• Essential to maintain the character of
neighbourhoods, so all signs of deterioration
must be dealt with immediately
• Repair broken windows
• Remove graffiti
19. 3 Strong Communities and ‘Naming and
Shaming’
• If the community is strong, involvement in
crime should result in disgrace and loss of
standing in the community through ‘naming
and shaming’
• Based in Etzioni’s theory of Communitarianism
which argues that only by their own efforts
can communities solve social problems
20. 4 Target Hardening
• Control approach to crime
• Attempts to limit the frequency of crime by a
policy of target-hardening i.e. moving
potential law-breakers on towards harder
targets in the hope that the effort involved
will deter them altogether
22. 5 Situation management
• involves the management, design or
manipulation of the immediate environment
to prevent crime or reduce the opportunity
• E.g. more street lighting, blocking off back
access to houses, making public spaces visible,
CCTV
23. 6 Crime Deterrence
• Highly visible car locks
• Burglar alarms on houses
• Bars on windows
• All these things will deter the
rational criminal who will look for a
softer target
• nothing deters more than the
certainty of detection
25. Control Theory
• New Right Realism is often linked to so-called
Control Theory
• i.e. its more about controlling and managing crime
than actually trying to find the causes or solving it
• If we accept that humans are selfish, rational
calculating individuals then crime will always be with
us and keeping the levels of crime down is perhaps
the best we can hope for!