This document discusses real-world use cases for websockets including connecting devices over the internet, building interactive applications, and extending messaging systems to the web. It provides examples of controlling lights and cameras remotely as well as streaming telemetry data from vehicles over satellite networks. The benefits of websockets like low latency bidirectional communication are highlighted. Best practices for production deployments addressing issues like high availability and client disconnections are also covered.

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Top 10 Real-Life WebSocket Use Cases & Experiences
Rich Cullen
@rich_cullen_75
kaazing.org/blog
kaazing.org

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Top 10 Real-Life WebSocket Use Cases
• A few quick demos
• WebSocket technology background and design goals
• More demos
• Taking this to the next level – Connected Devices
• Production and deployment concerns
• Q&A

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@rich_cullen_75

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The Legacy Web
Browser
Half Duplex
Full duplex
Back-end server
Web
Web Tier Middleware
Legacy Web

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The Shortcomings of HTTP
• Designed for transfer and retrieval of static documents
• Extremely verbose
• Stateless – context metadata needs to be provided, adding bloat
• Half duplex
• Client initiated Request/Response model
• Only options for simulating “real-time” are essentially elegant hacks
• Polling
• Long Polling
• AJAX
• Comet

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HTML5 WebSocket: TCP for the Web
Full duplex
• Standard Protocol (IETF): RFC-6455
• Standard API (W3C): JavaScript
• Single socket, full-duplex
• Low overhead: <1% HTTP
• Low latency: low milliseconds
• TLS/SSL support

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The Benefits of WebSocket
• Designed as a web transport for higher level business protocols
• Extremely compact and efficient on the wire
• Only web transport to allow bi-directional communication over same TCP
connection
• Full duplex - Provides low latency delivery of text and binary application data in
both directions
• NOT a replacement for all HTTP “transactional” Request/Response communication
(e.g. make use of caching semantics of HTTP)

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Interaction Patterns – The Web Before
HTTP is great for some applications…
Request/
Response
Client-to-Server WS HTTP
✓ ✓

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Interaction Patterns – The Web Now
Request/
Response
Publish/
Subscribe
Broadcast-only
Client-to-Server
Server-to-Client
…but extremely limited and restrictive!
WS HTTP
✓ ✓
WS HTTP
✓ ✗
WS HTTP
✓ ✗
WS HTTP
✓ ✗
WS HTTP
✓ ✗
WS HTTP
✓ ✗

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The Event-Driven Web
Browser
Half Duplex
Full duplex
Back-end server
Web
Web Tier Middleware
Legacy Web
Event-Driven Web
Back-end serverWebSocket Server
Web
WebSocket Full duplex

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How Can I Use?

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How Can I Use?

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The WebSocket Handshake

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Protocol Layering
TCP
Your application
XMPPIMAP/SMTP/POP3

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Protocol Layering
TCP
Your application
XMPPIMAP/SMTP/POP3HTTP

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Protocol Layering
TCP
Your application
XMPPIMAP/SMTP/POP3
HTTP
WebSocket

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WebSocket Clients and Server

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Enterprise Messaging Extended to the Web

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Auditing Demo Architecture

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The Next Level
Bridging the Gap Between Hardware and Software
Connected Devices

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Raspberry Pi
Image source: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/java/raspberrypi-1704896.html

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Demo Setup

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Controlling the Light Remotely
Using Pub-Sub Over the Web

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Light Switch: Range Extended to the Web

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Web Remote Controlled Car Architecture

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Telemetry Data Distributed to the Web Over Satellite Network
KWG
Message
Broker
JMS
WS
JMS
WS

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Telemetry Data Distributed to the Web Over Satellite Network
KWG
Message
Broker
JMS
WS
JMS
WS

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About the Quadcopter: DJI Phantom 2

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The Sensor Stack

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Arduino: GPS, thermometer, humidity, compass, accelerometer + Go
Pro

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Satellite Terminal: InmarSat –
Geostationary Satellites

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Satellite Terminal: InmarSat –
Geostationary Satellites
Warning: Microwave radiation
Minimum safe distance: 0.6 metres

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Telemetry Data Distributed to the Web Over Satellite Network
KWG
Message
Broker
JMS
WS
JMS
WS
Java
App

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KWG
Message
Broker
JMS
WS
JMS
WS
Java
App
Telemetry Data Distributed to the Web Over Satellite Network

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End-to-end latency: under 1 second

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Connected Car Architecture
• ELM-327 microcontroller for translating OBD-II interface at car ECU port
• Bluetooth connectivity from ELM-327 to MacBook Pro
• USB GPS module on MacBook Pro
• jSSC (Java Simple Serial Connector) for Bluetooth and USB access
• GoPro camera mounted to windshield for video capture
• Java KAAZING Gateway client connected to Gateway for sending diagnostic data
inbound
• JavaScript KAAZING Gateway client in browser receiving data for the real-time
dashboard
• Google Maps in the top half of the dashboard
• Custom SVG in the bottom half of the dashboard

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It’s More Than “Just” the Web

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Connected Devices

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Communicating with WebSocket
WS
WS
WS
WS
WS
WS
WS
WS
WS

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Communicating with Proprietary Protocols over WebSocket
AMQP/WS
MQTT/WS
JMS/WS
STOMP/WS
XMPP/WS

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Production Concerns
Clients
disconnect
Network
intermediaries
Locked down
firewalls
Millions of
users
High
availability
Disaster
recovery
Device
battery life
Integration
with existing
security
infrastructure

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DO IT!JUST…
Give WebSocket a try

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#DVXFR14{session hashtag}
@rich_cullen_75
Questions: https://wall-simple.sli.do/#/event/cmnxxfl0/section/15992/questions

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Thanks for your time
Learn more:
• WebSocket info and echo service: http://www.websocket.org/
• KAAZING: http://kaazing.org/
• KAAZING on GitHub: https://github.com/kaazing
• Tutorials: http://tutorial.kaazing.com/
• Apache ActiveMQ: http://activemq.apache.org/
• RabbitMQ: https://www.rabbitmq.com/
• Node.js: https://nodejs.org/
• MongoDB: https://www.mongodb.org/