REVISION IGCSE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY: NATIONAL SOCIALISM
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REVISION IGCSE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY: NATIONAL SOCIALISM. Nazism, also spelled Naziism, in full National Socialism, German Nationalsozialismus, totalitarian movement led by Adolf Hitler as head of the Nazi Party in Germany. In its intense nationalism, mass appeal, and dictatorial rule, Nazism shared many elements with Italian fascism. However, Nazism was far more extreme both in its ideas and in its practice. In almost every respect it was an anti-intellectual and atheoretical movement, emphasizing the will of the charismatic dictator as the sole source of inspiration of a people and a nation, as well as a vision of annihilation of all enemies of the Aryan Volk as the one and only goal of Nazi policy.
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Spartacist Revolt
The Spartacist Revolt took place in Berlin in January 1919 when communist groups led by Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxembourg joined a large worker demonstration protesting poverty and working conditions that turned violent. The protesters took over parts of Berlin by setting up barricades. Germany's new Chancellor Friedrich Ebert of the Social Democratic Party opposed a communist takeover so made a secret deal with the army to support his government in exchange for keeping army leaders' jobs. The army was sent in and hundreds of protesters were killed, including Liebknecht and Luxembourg, in a "Bloody week." This decision to use violence weakened opposition to the Nazis and helped them gain power later.
Resistance against Nazi Germany
The document summarizes the various groups that resisted Hitler and the Nazi regime in Germany between 1933-1945. It discusses the political opposition from groups like the Social Democratic Party and Communist Party. It also outlines resistance from industrial workers, youth groups like the Edelweiss Pirates, students in the White Rose movement, and churches. One of the most prominent acts of resistance was the failed 20 July 1944 bomb plot led by Claus von Stauffenberg to assassinate Hitler. Overall, there was no single resistance movement in Germany but rather opposition from different individuals and groups with different motivations who worked to undermine and eventually overthrow the Nazi dictatorship by various means.
HISTORY YEAR 10: OPPOSITION TO HITLER AND NAZIS
There were several groups that opposed Hitler and the Nazis in Germany. The White Rose group conducted an anonymous leaflet and graffiti campaign calling for opposition to the Nazi regime. Members were discovered and executed in 1943. Some Catholic priests and the Archbishop of Munster opposed Hitler's policies and actions. Protestant pastors formed the Confessional Church in opposition to Hitler's control of the church. In 1944, the failed assassination attempt by the Kreisau Circle led by Colonel Stauffenberg resulted in over 5,000 executions in retaliation.
1 2 SHP GCSE Germany Introduction
This document outlines the structure and content of a course on Germany from 1919-1945. It discusses the objectives of studying this time period in depth, focusing on ordinary lives rather than powerful figures. It describes the exam structure, including a source-based question and essay questions on Germany during this period. It also lists the unit topics that will be covered in the course, including the rise of the Nazis and life under Nazi rule.
Nazi opposition
The document summarizes different groups that opposed the Nazi regime in Germany:
1) Official opposition included the SPD and KPD parties, which were battled by the SS. Vice-Chancellor von Papen also voiced some opposition.
2) Unofficial opposition groups included the Rote Kapelle resistance network and various communist and socialist resistance organizations like the Red Patrol and Socialist Front. Jewish communist Herbert Baum firebombed an exhibition in Berlin.
3) Youth resistance included the Edelweiss Pirates group of working-class youth and the White Rose group led by Hans and Sophie Scholl which produced and distributed anti-Nazi leaflets at their university in Munich.
The Third Reich
The document summarizes the rise of Nazism in Germany following World War 1. It discusses how the Treaty of Versailles set the stage by humiliating Germany and damaging its economy. Far-right paramilitary groups like the Freikorps emerged and some later joined the Nazi SA. The Nazi party was originally a small far-right party founded by Anton Drexler but was transformed into a mass movement by Adolf Hitler. In 1923, Hitler attempted to overthrow the Weimar Republic in the Beer Hall Putsch but was imprisoned. After his release in the 1930s, Hitler came to power legally and constructed a totalitarian racist state, persecuting Jews and political opponents.
Germany under
Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in 1933 after a series of elections and changes in leadership. Once in power, he quickly consolidated control by banning opposition parties, arresting political opponents, and passing legislation that made him a dictator. He established the SS, an elite paramilitary group loyal only to him, to help control the country. Through propaganda, secret police, concentration camps, and control of the legal system, Hitler eliminated dissent and established a totalitarian Nazi regime in Germany.
Nazi Racial Policy - Racial Hygiene
The document discusses several aspects of Nazi racial policies, including Hitler Youth organizations that instilled loyalty to the Nazis, racial tests conducted on the population, the treatment of Jewish people and others deemed inferior, and the establishment of concentration camps. Special homes called "Wells of Life" were set up for SS officers to breed with women deemed racially pure. During World War 2, the Nazi policy became to eliminate Jewish people and other groups as races through genocide.
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Spartacist Revolt
The Spartacist Revolt took place in Berlin in January 1919 when communist groups led by Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxembourg joined a large worker demonstration protesting poverty and working conditions that turned violent. The protesters took over parts of Berlin by setting up barricades. Germany's new Chancellor Friedrich Ebert of the Social Democratic Party opposed a communist takeover so made a secret deal with the army to support his government in exchange for keeping army leaders' jobs. The army was sent in and hundreds of protesters were killed, including Liebknecht and Luxembourg, in a "Bloody week." This decision to use violence weakened opposition to the Nazis and helped them gain power later.
Resistance against Nazi Germany
The document summarizes the various groups that resisted Hitler and the Nazi regime in Germany between 1933-1945. It discusses the political opposition from groups like the Social Democratic Party and Communist Party. It also outlines resistance from industrial workers, youth groups like the Edelweiss Pirates, students in the White Rose movement, and churches. One of the most prominent acts of resistance was the failed 20 July 1944 bomb plot led by Claus von Stauffenberg to assassinate Hitler. Overall, there was no single resistance movement in Germany but rather opposition from different individuals and groups with different motivations who worked to undermine and eventually overthrow the Nazi dictatorship by various means.
HISTORY YEAR 10: OPPOSITION TO HITLER AND NAZIS
There were several groups that opposed Hitler and the Nazis in Germany. The White Rose group conducted an anonymous leaflet and graffiti campaign calling for opposition to the Nazi regime. Members were discovered and executed in 1943. Some Catholic priests and the Archbishop of Munster opposed Hitler's policies and actions. Protestant pastors formed the Confessional Church in opposition to Hitler's control of the church. In 1944, the failed assassination attempt by the Kreisau Circle led by Colonel Stauffenberg resulted in over 5,000 executions in retaliation.
1 2 SHP GCSE Germany Introduction
This document outlines the structure and content of a course on Germany from 1919-1945. It discusses the objectives of studying this time period in depth, focusing on ordinary lives rather than powerful figures. It describes the exam structure, including a source-based question and essay questions on Germany during this period. It also lists the unit topics that will be covered in the course, including the rise of the Nazis and life under Nazi rule.
Nazi opposition
The document summarizes different groups that opposed the Nazi regime in Germany:
1) Official opposition included the SPD and KPD parties, which were battled by the SS. Vice-Chancellor von Papen also voiced some opposition.
2) Unofficial opposition groups included the Rote Kapelle resistance network and various communist and socialist resistance organizations like the Red Patrol and Socialist Front. Jewish communist Herbert Baum firebombed an exhibition in Berlin.
3) Youth resistance included the Edelweiss Pirates group of working-class youth and the White Rose group led by Hans and Sophie Scholl which produced and distributed anti-Nazi leaflets at their university in Munich.
The Third Reich
The document summarizes the rise of Nazism in Germany following World War 1. It discusses how the Treaty of Versailles set the stage by humiliating Germany and damaging its economy. Far-right paramilitary groups like the Freikorps emerged and some later joined the Nazi SA. The Nazi party was originally a small far-right party founded by Anton Drexler but was transformed into a mass movement by Adolf Hitler. In 1923, Hitler attempted to overthrow the Weimar Republic in the Beer Hall Putsch but was imprisoned. After his release in the 1930s, Hitler came to power legally and constructed a totalitarian racist state, persecuting Jews and political opponents.
Germany under
Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in 1933 after a series of elections and changes in leadership. Once in power, he quickly consolidated control by banning opposition parties, arresting political opponents, and passing legislation that made him a dictator. He established the SS, an elite paramilitary group loyal only to him, to help control the country. Through propaganda, secret police, concentration camps, and control of the legal system, Hitler eliminated dissent and established a totalitarian Nazi regime in Germany.
Nazi Racial Policy - Racial Hygiene
The document discusses several aspects of Nazi racial policies, including Hitler Youth organizations that instilled loyalty to the Nazis, racial tests conducted on the population, the treatment of Jewish people and others deemed inferior, and the establishment of concentration camps. Special homes called "Wells of Life" were set up for SS officers to breed with women deemed racially pure. During World War 2, the Nazi policy became to eliminate Jewish people and other groups as races through genocide.
Hitler and Nazi Germany - nazi control of germany intimidation
The Nazis used fear, propaganda, and control of the media to maintain power over Germany from 1933 to 1945. They banned opposition groups, imprisoned 150,000 political opponents by the end of 1933, and used the secret police Gestapo to spy on citizens and arrest people without cause, living Germans in constant fear. The SS secret police were known for their violence and took control of concentration camps where conditions were awful and torture occurred, causing more fear among Germans. The Nazis also used propaganda through radio broadcasts, approved films, posters, and controlled newspapers to give the appearance of unanimous public support for Hitler and his regime.
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The document provides an overview of how the Nazis controlled Germany from 1933 to 1945 through terror and the SS. It discusses how the SS used fear, secret police like the Gestapo, concentration camps, and indoctrination through schools and youth groups to maintain control. A key quote explains that "Terror is the best political weapon for nothing drives people harder than a fear of sudden death."
FASCISM
Fascism originated in early 20th century Italy and was led by Benito Mussolini. It promoted extreme nationalism, militarism, and the dictatorship of an all-powerful leader. Fascism rejected liberal democracy and Enlightenment values like rationalism and individualism in favor of emotionalism, violence, and struggle. It viewed society as an organic unity and saw conflict and war as natural and desirable. Fascism took hold in Italy and Germany in the 1920s-1930s amid economic crisis and instability but was defeated in World War 2.
Opposition To Nazism - The Youth
There were several groups within German youth that opposed Hitler and Nazism during the 1930s-40s, including the White Rose group, Edelweiss Pirates, Jazz/Swing Youth, and Helmuth Hubener Group. The White Rose group consisted of university students who distributed anti-Nazi leaflets until they were arrested and executed. The Edelweiss Pirates were teenage boys who rebelled against the Hitler Youth through acts of vandalism and fighting. They faced increasing persecution over time. Jazz/Swing Youth listened to allied music and danced in secret clubs until they were also targeted. The small Helmuth Hubener Group distributed anti-Nazi literature before its members were sentenced to death or forced labor. However
Nazi control in 1933
The document provides information about Nazi control of Germany from 1933 to 1945. It discusses the rise of the SS and its role in destroying opposition under Heinrich Himmler. It also mentions the Gestapo and their power to arrest citizens without trial. Concentration camps were set up early on and deaths became common in the late 1930s as food was limited and prisoners faced harsh discipline. Propaganda was important in maintaining Hitler's image and personal support for him remained high through 1944 despite Germany's losses in the war.
Fascism
Fascism rose in Europe in the early 20th century. In Italy, Benito Mussolini founded the fascist party and seized power in 1922, becoming the dictator known as "Il Duce". He abolished democracy, outlawed other parties, jailed opponents, and censored publications. In Germany, Adolf Hitler rose to power as the leader of the Nazi party, becoming Chancellor in 1933. He banned other parties, imprisoned opponents, and used propaganda to ensure obedience. Anti-Semitism was a key part of Nazi ideology, and laws were passed stripping rights from Jewish people.
Nazism During WWII
The Nazi party rose to power in Germany in the 1930s on a platform of anti-Semitism and German nationalism. Adolf Hitler became the leader of the party in 1920 and chancellor of Germany in 1933, establishing a totalitarian regime. The Nazis suppressed political dissent and persecuted Jews and other minority groups. Germany began aggressively expanding its territory starting with the invasion of Poland in 1939, plunging Europe into World War II. The Nazis engaged in systematic persecution and mass murder of millions of Jews and others during the Holocaust. Germany was eventually defeated by the Allied forces in 1945.
Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler was born in 1889 in Austria and showed an early interest in art but was rejected from art school twice. During World War I he served in the German army and was decorated for bravery. After the war he joined the German Workers' Party and became its leader, renaming it the Nazi Party. As the party leader he rose to power in Germany during the economic depression of the 1930s, becoming Chancellor in 1933 and Führer in 1934, establishing a totalitarian dictatorship. Under his rule Germany began aggressively expanding its territory and persecuting Jewish people and others, which ultimately led to World War II and the Holocaust, resulting in Hitler committing suicide in 1945 as Allied forces closed in on his bunker in Berlin.
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Hitler was the leader of the Nazi party in Germany from 1933 to 1945. As leader, he transformed Germany into a totalitarian state known as the Third Reich and oversaw the Holocaust, which resulted in the genocide of millions of Jewish people. The Nazi party advocated for racial purity and believed communism and democracy were evil. Hitler committed suicide in 1945 as the Red Army approached Berlin to avoid being captured.
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The document summarizes key aspects of Nazi Germany's racist policies and the Holocaust. It describes Hitler's pursuit of a master Aryan race through eugenics. It outlines groups persecuted by the Nazis, including Jews, Roma people, Slavs, communists, LGBT people and the disabled. It discusses the Holocaust and provides statistics on deaths in concentration camps. Images show Nazi propaganda promoting Aryan supremacy and charts used to classify people by race.
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German policing was complex under Nazi rule, with Heinrich Himmler overseeing various groups including the Gestapo secret police and SS paramilitary force. The SS grew enormously during World War II and had influence in many aspects of German life, including policing, concentration camps, and racial policies. Though smaller than the SS, the Gestapo maintained control through fear and relied heavily on public denunciations to carry out arrests. Historians debate the extent to which terror from the SS and Gestapo was necessary for Nazi control of Germany or whether their powers were exaggerated.
Early nazi leaders
Josef Goebbels, Hermann Goering, Rudolf Hess, Heinrich Himmler, and Ernst Rohm were early leaders of the Nazi party. Goebbels was an intelligent, well-educated public speaker who joined the Nazis in 1922 and edited their newspaper. Goering fought bravely in WWI and joined the Nazis in 1922, later leading the SA. Hess worshipped Hitler and served loyally as his private secretary. Himmler joined in 1923 and became a regional party chief. Rohm was a tough, brutal captain who helped found the German Worker's Party in 1919 and led the SA for Hitler.
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This document discusses various groups that opposed Hitler and the Nazi regime in Germany. It identifies different methods that people used to show opposition, including attempted coups, underground resistance, passive resistance, and private grumbling. It evaluates the threat level of different opposition groups and finds that political opponents and groups like the White Rose offered the greatest threat to Hitler. Students are tasked with learning about these opposition groups and the risks they posed to the Nazi government.
Hitler's nazi era in germany
Between World War One and Two, Germany experienced several changes in government: from an emperor to a democracy to the rise of a new dictator, a Führer Adolf Hitler.
the following points are addressed in the lesson plan.
1) Introduction to the Background of Germany post W.W1
2) Causes of the rise of Nazism in Germany.
3) Nazi ideology
4) Rise of Hitler as the Nazi leader.
5) The end of the era of Hitler
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The document provides an overview of World War 2 and the events leading up to America's entry into the war. It discusses the rise of fascist regimes in Germany under Hitler and Italy under Mussolini in the 1930s. Hitler consolidated power in Germany and enacted racist policies and laws targeting Jews. Despite foreign crises and aggression, the US initially pursued isolationist policies. The document outlines the outbreak of war in Europe, key battles like those in Britain and North Africa, as well as Japan's growing imperialism and attack on Pearl Harbor, which brought the US into the war in 1941. It also summarizes America's mobilization efforts and treatment of groups like African Americans and Japanese Americans during the war.
Hitler And Nazism In Germany (1921 1945)
1) Hitler rose to power in Germany amid economic turmoil following WWI and gained popularity by blaming Jews and promising to restore Germany to greatness.
2) After becoming Chancellor in 1933, Hitler quickly consolidated power and established a fascist dictatorship, banning opposing political parties and persecuting Jews and others.
3) Under Hitler, Germany became a totalitarian state as he controlled all aspects of society and suppressed intellectual and political freedom.
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The document provides information about Nazi control of Germany from 1933 to 1945. It discusses the rise of the SS and its role in destroying opposition under Heinrich Himmler. It also mentions the Gestapo and their power to arrest citizens without trial. Concentration camps were set up early on and deaths became common in the late 1930s as food was limited and prisoners faced harsh discipline. Propaganda was important in maintaining Hitler's image and personal support for him remained high through 1944 despite Germany's losses in the war.
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Nazism During WWII
The Nazi party rose to power in Germany in the 1930s on a platform of anti-Semitism and German nationalism. Adolf Hitler became the leader of the party in 1920 and chancellor of Germany in 1933, establishing a totalitarian regime. The Nazis suppressed political dissent and persecuted Jews and other minority groups. Germany began aggressively expanding its territory starting with the invasion of Poland in 1939, plunging Europe into World War II. The Nazis engaged in systematic persecution and mass murder of millions of Jews and others during the Holocaust. Germany was eventually defeated by the Allied forces in 1945.
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Adolf Hitler was born in 1889 in Austria and showed an early interest in art but was rejected from art school twice. During World War I he served in the German army and was decorated for bravery. After the war he joined the German Workers' Party and became its leader, renaming it the Nazi Party. As the party leader he rose to power in Germany during the economic depression of the 1930s, becoming Chancellor in 1933 and Führer in 1934, establishing a totalitarian dictatorship. Under his rule Germany began aggressively expanding its territory and persecuting Jewish people and others, which ultimately led to World War II and the Holocaust, resulting in Hitler committing suicide in 1945 as Allied forces closed in on his bunker in Berlin.
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The Nazis reorganized Germany's police forces after taking power in 1933, placing them under the control of Heinrich Himmler. Himmler oversaw the SS, ordinary police (Orpo), security police (Sipo), and security service (SD). The SS became an auxiliary police force with powers of arrest. Separately, the Gestapo was the secret state police whose key role was to identify and remove potential threats to Hitler and Germany. Through intimidating tactics like arbitrary arrest and torture, the Gestapo was able to control the population and send thousands to prisons or concentration camps based on public denunciations, achieving control with a small membership through instilling fear.
Nazi Germany - ss gestapo complex
German policing was complex under Nazi rule, with Heinrich Himmler overseeing various groups including the Gestapo secret police and SS paramilitary force. The SS grew enormously during World War II and had influence in many aspects of German life, including policing, concentration camps, and racial policies. Though smaller than the SS, the Gestapo maintained control through fear and relied heavily on public denunciations to carry out arrests. Historians debate the extent to which terror from the SS and Gestapo was necessary for Nazi control of Germany or whether their powers were exaggerated.
Early nazi leaders
Josef Goebbels, Hermann Goering, Rudolf Hess, Heinrich Himmler, and Ernst Rohm were early leaders of the Nazi party. Goebbels was an intelligent, well-educated public speaker who joined the Nazis in 1922 and edited their newspaper. Goering fought bravely in WWI and joined the Nazis in 1922, later leading the SA. Hess worshipped Hitler and served loyally as his private secretary. Himmler joined in 1923 and became a regional party chief. Rohm was a tough, brutal captain who helped found the German Worker's Party in 1919 and led the SA for Hitler.
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World war II PP
World War II had devastating consequences, costing over 60 million lives between 1939-1945. The document outlines key events in Hitler's rise to power in Germany following World War I and the early years of his rule. It describes how he gained influence in the Nazi party after World War I and was eventually appointed Chancellor in 1933. As Chancellor, Hitler passed the Enabling Act, allowing him to bypass the Reichstag and rule by decree. This consolidated his power and allowed him to establish racist policies that led to the Holocaust, where over 6 million Jews and 9 million others were killed in concentration camps across Europe between 1939-1945.
Fascism in germany
The Great Depression allowed Hitler to rise to power in Germany by giving hope to those suffering economically. He gained support through nationalism, antisemitism, and anti-communism. After an unsuccessful coup attempt in 1923, Hitler wrote Mein Kampf in prison and gained followers. When appointed chancellor in 1933, he quickly consolidated power and established a fascist dictatorship, suppressing opposition and persecuting Jews.
Opposition to Hilter and the Nazi Party
This document discusses various groups that opposed Hitler and the Nazi regime in Germany. It identifies different methods that people used to show opposition, including attempted coups, underground resistance, passive resistance, and private grumbling. It evaluates the threat level of different opposition groups and finds that political opponents and groups like the White Rose offered the greatest threat to Hitler. Students are tasked with learning about these opposition groups and the risks they posed to the Nazi government.
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Between World War One and Two, Germany experienced several changes in government: from an emperor to a democracy to the rise of a new dictator, a Führer Adolf Hitler.
the following points are addressed in the lesson plan.
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3) It analyzes reasons for the failure of the Weimar Republic like its weak democratic foundations and the impact of the Great Depression.
Missolini inspiration for hitler
- Mussolini's fascist regime in Italy in the 1920s inspired Hitler and helped pave the way for Nazism in Germany. However, Hitler took the extreme nationalist and racist elements of fascism much further than Mussolini.
- While Mussolini's fascism was the predecessor to Nazism, Hitler transformed it into a uniquely German phenomenon focused on Aryan racial supremacy. Over time, Hitler surpassed Mussolini as the more dominant leader.
- Despite some ideological similarities, Hitler and Mussolini had a complex relationship, as Hitler grew frustrated with Mussolini's incompetence during World War 2 when Germany had to frequently rescue Italian forces.
Nazi teacher lecture
The document summarizes the origins and rise of the Nazi Party in Germany from 1919 to 1945. It describes how the party was founded in 1919 under the name German Workers' Party and later renamed the National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nazi Party) under Adolf Hitler's leadership in 1921. The party promoted German nationalism, anti-Semitism, and blamed Jews and Marxists for Germany's economic struggles after World War I. After coming to power in 1933, the Nazis established a totalitarian regime and used propaganda, terror, and concentration camps to persecute populations they deemed undesirable.
Hitler's nazism led to World War 2
The document provides an overview of Adolf Hitler and World War 2. It discusses that Hitler was the leader of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945 and led Germany's participation in World War 2. The war began in 1939 when Germany invaded Poland and eventually involved many countries around the world over the course of six years. Hitler pursued fascist and expansionist policies that violated the Treaty of Versailles, seeking to build greater Germany through annexing neighboring lands and pursuing racial ideology and anti-Semitism. This ultimately led to the Holocaust and World War 2, ending with Germany's defeat in 1945 and Hitler's suicide.
Nazi Propaganda Essay
The Nazi party rose to power in Germany during the 1930s, a time of economic crisis following World War I. Nazi propaganda was highly effective in gaining widespread support and influencing public opinion. Joseph Goebbels, the Nazi minister of propaganda, skillfully organized massive rallies and dominated all aspects of society to promote Nazi ideology. Propaganda appealed to Germans by portraying Hitler as a strong leader who could restore national pride and prosperity. It also spread anti-Semitism by portraying Jews as the cause of Germany's problems. Through the education system and Hitler Youth, the Nazis also successfully indoctrinated German youth with their racist ideology.
Unit review game
- The document provides a review of key concepts from World War II, including important figures, events, battles, and outcomes. It quizzes the reader with multiple choice and fill-in-the-blank questions about the causes of WWII, key dictators that rose to power, major turning points in the war, the Holocaust, conferences between Allied leaders, and the conclusion of the war. The review covers topics from the rise of fascism and appeasement policies in the interwar period to the development and use of nuclear weapons and the establishment of the United Nations after WWII.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: NAZISM
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY:NAZISM. It contains: national socialism, the struggle for dominance, noble and creative Aryans, expansionism and war, persecution of Jews, terror, genocide and racial extermination, Nazism theory, Nazi party, Mein Kampf, the purge, identifying Nazism, preserving pure elements, Fichte, Volkskrieg, Riehl, Volkish nationalism, Bismarck, Hitler.
Fascism and Nazism
The document defines nationalism, fascism, and Nazism. It discusses the rise of extreme nationalism in Europe prior to World War 1, specifically focusing on the rise of the Nazi party in Germany and the fascist party in Italy led by Mussolini. It explains how Hitler and Mussolini rose to power in their countries in part by appealing to nationalist sentiments and establishing totalitarian regimes based on extreme nationalism, cultural superiority, and opposition to communism.
Hitler’s germany social impact 1 (propaganda, censorship, ss)
The Reich Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda was established under Joseph Goebbels to control information and secure loyalty to Nazism through media like films, posters, and radio. The Nazis banned anti-Nazi publications, scrutinized media, and made radios affordable to spread propaganda while banning foreign stations. They also suppressed freedom of expression and the White Rose resistance group. The SS and Gestapo enforced Nazi policies, operated concentration camps, were responsible for the Holocaust, and created a climate of fear through surveillance and arrests of dissidents.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: HITLER'S TOTALITARIAN REGIME
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: HITLER'S TOTALITARIAN REGIME. Suitable for Year 13 History students in Cambridge. It contains: overview, totalitarian regimes, Hitler in Vienna, etc.
09_social_science_key_notes_history_ch3_nazism_and_rise_of_hitler.pdf
The document provides details about the rise of Nazism and Hitler's rise to power in Germany. It discusses how Germany was defeated in WWI and the harsh Treaty of Versailles led to unrest. The Weimar Republic that followed was unstable and faced political radicalism and economic crisis. Hitler exploited these issues, gaining popularity by promising to restore Germany's power and greatness. Once in power, Hitler dismantled democracy and established a totalitarian Nazi state, pursuing aggressive expansion and enacting racist policies, particularly targeting Jews. This led Germany into WWII and furthered the Nazi genocide and war crimes.
1933
The document discusses how Hitler consolidated power in Germany after becoming Chancellor in 1933. It describes key events that increased Nazi control, including the Reichstag Fire which allowed emergency decrees, and the Enabling Act which allowed Hitler to pass laws without Parliament. It also discusses Hitler eliminating opposition through banning other parties, controlling churches, and the Night of the Long Knives purge. Finally, it notes that after Hindenburg's death in 1934, Hitler was able to become Fuhrer and dictator of Germany.
Historycoolwork001
The document provides information about Nazism in Germany from 1933 to 1945 under Adolf Hitler. It discusses how Nazism promoted racial superiority of Aryans and annihilation of Jews. Key events included Hitler becoming Chancellor in 1933 and destroying democracy by banning opposition. The Nazi regime persecuted Jews and other groups, and used propaganda to spread its racist ideology, especially targeting youth. By 1945, Nazi policies had led to World War 2 and the defeat of Germany.
Similar to REVISION IGCSE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY: NATIONAL SOCIALISM (20)
Hitler’s germany social impact 1 (propaganda, censorship, ss)
Hitler’s germany social impact 1 (propaganda, censorship, ss)
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: HITLER'S TOTALITARIAN REGIME
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: HITLER'S TOTALITARIAN REGIME
09_social_science_key_notes_history_ch3_nazism_and_rise_of_hitler.pdf
09_social_science_key_notes_history_ch3_nazism_and_rise_of_hitler.pdf
More from George Dumitrache
07. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - REICHSTAG FIRE SOURCES
07. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - REICHSTAG FIRE
On February 27, 1933, the German parliament (Reichstag) building burned down. The Nazi leadership and its coalition partners used the fire to claim that Communists were planning a violent uprising. They claimed that emergency legislation was needed to prevent this. The resulting act, commonly known as the Reichstag Fire Decree, abolished a number of constitutional protections and paved the way for Nazi dictatorship.
05. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - HITLER CONSOLIDATING POWER 1933-34.PPTX
05. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - HITLER CONSOLIDATING POWER 1933-34.PPTX
Following Hitler’s appointment as chancellor the Nazis were finally in a position of power.
However, this power was limited, as the Nazis were just one party in a three party coalition government, under President Hindenburg.
This topic will explore how the Nazis managed to eliminate their opposition and consolidate ultimate power over Germany, whilst maintaining an illusion of democracy.
It will first explore this topic in chronological order, from the Reichstag Fire through to the death of President Hindenburg, and then explore it thematically in the last section. On the 31 January 1933, Hitler, conscious of his lack of a majority in the Reichstag, immediately called for new elections to try and strengthen his position. The Nazis aimed to increase their share of the vote so that they would have a majority in the Reichstag. This would allow them to rule unopposed and unhindered by coalition governments.
Over the next two months, they launched themselves into an intense election campaign.
On 27 February 1933, as the campaign moved into its final, frantic days, the Reichstag, the German Parliament building, was set on fire and burnt down. An atmosphere of panic and terror followed the event.
This continued when a young Dutch communist, Van der Lubbe was arrested for the crime.
The Nazi Party used the atmosphere of panic to their advantage, encouraging anti-communism. Göring declared that the communists had planned a national uprising to overthrow the Weimar Republic. This hysteria helped to turn the public against the communists, one of the Nazis main opponents, and 4000 people were imprisoned.
The day after the fire, Hindenburg signed the Emergency Decree for the Protection of the German People. On the 28 February 1933, President Hindenburg signed the Emergency Decree for the Protection of the German People. This decree suspended the democratic aspects of the Weimar Republic and declared a state of emergency.
This decree gave the Nazis a legal basis for the persecution and oppression of any opponents, who were be framed as traitors to the republic. People could be imprisoned for any or no reason.
The decree also removed basic personal freedoms, such as the freedom of speech, the right to own property, and the right to trial before imprisonment.
Through these aspects the Nazis suppressed any opposition to their power, and were able to start the road from democracy to a dictatorship. The atmosphere of uncertainty following the Reichstag Fire secured many voters for the Nazi party.
The SA also ran a violent campaign of terror against any and all opponents of the Nazi regime. Many were terrified of voting of at all, and many turned to voting for the Nazi Party out of fear for their own safety. The elections were neither free or fair.
On the 5 March 1933, the elections took place, with an extremely high turnout of 89%.
The Nazis secured 43.9% of the vote.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 04. HITLER BECOMING CHANCELLOR 1933
Hitler was not immediately appointed chancellor after the success of the July 1932 elections, despite being leader of the largest party in the Reichstag. It took the economic and political instability (with two more chancellors failing to stabilise the situation) to worsen, and the support of the conservative elite, to convince Hindenburg to appoint Hitler.
Hitler was sworn in as the chancellor of Germany on the 30 January 1933. The Nazis were now in power.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 03. NAZI'S LITTLE SUCCESS
The document discusses the early success of the Nazi party in Germany. It notes that while the party made progress in organization and membership in its early years after 1919, it had little impact in elections initially. The Nazis received only 6.5% of the vote in their first national election in 1924. Later elections in 1928 saw their support decline further to just 2.6% as the German economy and political situation stabilized under Stresemann. While the Nazis appealed to specific groups frustrated with the Weimar Republic, they remained a small party with less than 30,000 members by 1925.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 02. NAZI PARTY IDEOLOGY IN 1920
The document provides background information on the origins and early development of the Nazi party in Germany during the 1920s. It describes how the party began as the German Workers' Party led by Anton Drexler before Hitler joined in 1919 and became the leader in 1921. It also outlines some of the key aspects of the Nazi party platform outlined in the 25-point program, including nationalism, anti-Semitism, and a desire for more territory. Finally, it discusses Hitler's failed Munich Putsch coup attempt in 1923 and how he wrote Mein Kampf while in prison.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 01. FASCISM
1) Post-war instability and economic crisis weakened established political systems in countries like Germany and Italy. 2) A sense of nationalism was used by fascist leaders to promote unity and scapegoat others for the nation's problems. 3) Charismatic leaders like Hitler and Mussolini were able to gain followers by promoting fascism as an alternative to communism and liberal democracy.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 10. THE FALL OF WEIMAR 1930-1933
The document provides background information on the rise of the Nazi party in Germany between 1930-1933. It discusses how Germany's economic dependence on American loans led to the collapse of German industry following the 1929 Wall Street crash. This caused widespread unemployment, with over 6 million people jobless by 1932. As economic conditions deteriorated, support grew for the Nazis as they promised strong leadership and blamed Jews and communists for Germany's problems. The Nazis increased their Reichstag seats in elections in 1933 after Hitler became Chancellor, and he then used emergency powers to crush opposition and establish a one-party Nazi state in Germany.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 09. TABLES AND CARTOONS
The document discusses the Weimar Republic in Germany through tables and cartoons as part of a Cambridge IGCSE depth study on Germany. It provides information on the political and economic challenges faced by the Weimar Republic between 1919-1933 through statistical tables and illustrations. The depth study uses multiple visual elements to summarize key events and issues like inflation, unemployment, and the rise of extremism during this period of German history.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 08. NAZIS IN THE WILDERNESS
The “Lean Years” (also called the "wilderness" years) of Hitler and the Nazi Party in Germany refer to the period between 1924 and 1928 when the Nazi party did not have high levels of support and still suffered from humiliation over the Munich Putsch. Why where these years “lean”?
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 07. STRESEMMAN ERA 1924-1929
Gustav Stresemann was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1923 during the Weimar Republic period. As Chancellor and later as Foreign Minister, he implemented policies that helped stabilize Germany's economy and improve its international standing. This included establishing a new currency to end hyperinflation, crushing communist uprisings, and pursuing diplomatic agreements like the Locarno Pact to normalize Germany's relations with other European powers. However, the economic and political stability of the Weimar Republic remained fragile.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 06. THE BEER HALL PUTSCH 1923
The Beer Hall Putsch, also known as the Munich Putsch, was a failed coup d'état by Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP) leader Adolf Hitler, Generalquartiermeister Erich Ludendorff and other Kampfbund leaders in Munich, Bavaria, on 8–9 November 1923, during the Weimar Republic. Approximately two thousand Nazis marched on the Feldherrnhalle, in the city centre, but were confronted by a police cordon, which resulted in the deaths of 16 Nazi Party members and four police officers. Hitler escaped immediate arrest and was spirited off to safety in the countryside. After two days, he was arrested and charged with treason. The putsch brought Hitler to the attention of the German nation for the first time and generated front-page headlines in newspapers around the world. His arrest was followed by a 24-day trial, which was widely publicised and gave him a platform to express his nationalist sentiments to the nation. Hitler was found guilty of treason and sentenced to five years in Landsberg Prison, where he dictated Mein Kampf to fellow prisoners Emil Maurice and Rudolf Hess. On 20 December 1924, having served only nine months, Hitler was released. Once released, Hitler redirected his focus towards obtaining power through legal means rather than by revolution or force, and accordingly changed his tactics, further developing Nazi propaganda.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 05. HYPERINFLATION
Hyperinflation affected the German Papiermark, the currency of the Weimar Republic, between 1921 and 1923, primarily in 1923. It caused considerable internal political instability in the country, the occupation of the Ruhr by France and Belgium, and misery for the general populace.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 04. WEIMAR TURMOIL YEARS 1919-1923
Weimar had faced a series of problems between 1919 and 1923 (hyperinflation, Munich Putsch, Kapp Putsch) but despite the odds had managed to survive.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 03. THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES IMPACT ON...
Thanks to the Treaty of Versailles, Germany's ability to produce revenue-generating coal and iron ore decreased. As war debts and reparations drained its coffers, the German government was unable to pay its debts. Some of the former World War I Allies didn't buy Germany's claim that it couldn't afford to pay.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 02. THE NOVEMBER REVOLUTION 1918
The German Revolution or November Revolution was a civil conflict in the German Empire at the end of the First World War that resulted in the replacement of the German federal constitutional monarchy with a democratic parliamentary republic that later became known as the Weimar Republic. The revolutionary period lasted from November 1918 until the adoption of the Weimar Constitution in August 1919. Among the factors leading to the revolution were the extreme burdens suffered by the German population during the four years of war, the economic and psychological impacts of the German Empire's defeat by the Allies, and growing social tensions between the general population and the aristocratic and bourgeois elite.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 01. THE EFFECT OF WW1 ON GERMANY
The document summarizes the impact of World War 1 on Germany. It discusses how Germany initially found success on the Eastern Front and made advances on the Western Front in 1918 but was eventually overwhelmed as the US joined the war effort. Germany experienced political instability, economic devastation from blockades, widespread hunger and disease, and psychological trauma from defeat. The German people bitterly blamed leaders for the defeat, sowing seeds for the rise of the Nazis in the unstable Weimar Republic that followed the war.
08. LEAGUE OF NATIONS - Questions and Answers.pptx
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - LEAGUE OF NATIONS. The League of Nations was an international organization, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, created after the First World War to provide a forum for resolving international disputes.
07. LEAGUE OF NATIONS - Abyssinian Crisis.pptx
This cartoon was likely published after the Stresa Pact was signed in early 1935, when Britain and France failed to raise the issue of Abyssinia with Mussolini and were perceived as turning a blind eye to his plans in hopes of keeping Italy as an ally against Germany. The cartoon directly criticizes the British and French policy of appeasing Mussolini, so the purpose was to criticize, not just inform. By criticizing the policy, the hope would be to influence and change the policy by swaying public opinion.
06. LEAGUE OF NATIONS - Manchurian Crisis.pptx
Manchurian Crisis. On September 18, 1931, an explosion destroyed a section of railway track near the city of Mukden. The Japanese, who owned the railway, blamed Chinese nationalists for the incident and used the opportunity to retaliate and invade Manchuria.
05. LEAGUE OF NATIONS - Great Depression and LON.pptx
GREAT DEPRESSION AND THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS. The Great Depression of 1930-33 meant people turned to extremist dictators such as Hitler and Mussolini, who were keen to invade other countries. This made it hard for the League to maintain peace. The League had some very ambitious plans and ideals – to stop war and make the world a better place.
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07. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - REICHSTAG FIRE SOURCES
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05. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - HITLER CONSOLIDATING POWER 1933-34.PPTX
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DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 04. HITLER BECOMING CHANCELLOR 1933
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 04. HITLER BECOMING CHANCELLOR 1933
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 03. NAZI'S LITTLE SUCCESS
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 03. NAZI'S LITTLE SUCCESS
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 02. NAZI PARTY IDEOLOGY IN 1920
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DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 10. THE FALL OF WEIMAR 1930-1933
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 10. THE FALL OF WEIMAR 1930-1933
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 09. TABLES AND CARTOONS
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 09. TABLES AND CARTOONS
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DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 08. NAZIS IN THE WILDERNESS
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 07. STRESEMMAN ERA 1924-1929
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 07. STRESEMMAN ERA 1924-1929
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DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 06. THE BEER HALL PUTSCH 1923
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 05. HYPERINFLATION
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DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 04. WEIMAR TURMOIL YEARS 1919-1923
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 04. WEIMAR TURMOIL YEARS 1919-1923
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REVISION IGCSE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY: NATIONAL SOCIALISM
- 2. DEFINITION National Socialism is the extreme political philosophy of the German National Socialist Party from 1920 to 1945.
- 3. Question 1 By what other name is National Socialism commonly known?
- 5. Question 2 What was the main principle behind Nazi doctrine?
- 6. Answer 2 The individual was a servant of the state, which in turn was a servant of the party ruled by Adolf Hitler.
- 7. Question 3 Nazism was pledged to the destruction of 5 things?
- 8. Answer 3 Republicanism. Communism. Democracy. The Treaty of Versailles. International Jewry.
- 9. Question 4 What happened to National Socialism after 1945?
- 10. Answer 4 Following Germany’s defeat in the Second World War, the doctrine was banned and the Nazi Party disbanded.
- 11. Important National Socialist ideology set the stage for the largest and most costly war the world has suffered.