This review paper summarizes research on the effects of cell phone electromagnetic radiation exposure on the brain. Several studies found associations between long-term cell phone use (>10 years) and brain tumor development, especially on the side of the head most used. Exposure has been shown to up-regulate cell death pathways in neurons and affect neural function in humans. It may also cause oxidative damage to neuronal mitochondrial DNA and alter blood-brain barrier permeability. Additionally, cell phone radiation was found to change the oxygen affinity and structure of hemoglobin as well as disrupt inter-hemispheric brain synchronization. While some studies found no effects, overall the review indicates that cell phone use may pose brain-related health risks.
The document summarizes research on the potential health effects of mobile phone use. It discusses several studies that have investigated links between mobile phone use and brain tumors or cognitive effects. While some research has found increased tumor risks with long-term mobile phone use, other studies have not found a causal relationship between use and cancer. Studies on cognitive effects have also shown mixed results, with some finding declines in memory, attention and learning associated with radio frequency exposure, while others found no effects. The document outlines the methodology and conclusions of several such epidemiological and case-control studies, noting that the scientific community has yet to reach a definite consensus on the health impacts of mobile phone use.
WI-FI ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS EXERT GENDER RELATED ALTERATIONS ON EEGNot Relevant
Abstract
The present study investigated the influence of electromagnetic fields, similar to that emitted by Wi-Fi system, on brain activity. Fifteen female and fifteen male subjects performed a short memory task (Wechsler test), both without and with exposure to a 2.4GHz Wi-Fi signal. For each subject, radiation condition and electrode, the amplitude in the frequency domain of the EEG signal was calculated from the recordings of 30 scalp electrodes, using the Fourier transform.
The presence of radiation had no effect on the energies of alpha and beta band of male subjects, while it reduced these energies of female subjects, resulting in significantly lower energies, as compared to those of males.
Delta and theta band energies did not experience any noteworthy effect from gender, radiation condition and their interaction. Conversely, there was a significant interaction effect (gender x radiation) on the energies of alpha and beta rhythms.
Interestingly, this pattern was observed for a number of electrodes, which formed two distinct clusters. one located at right- anterior and the second at occipital brain areas.
The present data support the idea that Wi-Fi signal may influence normal physiology through changes in gender related cortical excitability, as reflected by alpha and beta EEG frequencies.
:UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
RESEARCH REVIEW FOR POSSIBLE RELATION BETWEEN MOBILE PHONE REDIATION AND BRAI...ijitcs
The aim of this paper is to introduce a research review for the effect of Mobile phone radiation on human
health and the possible relation between Mobile phone radiation and brain tumor. Mobile phones become
increasingly prevalent throughout our society. In the year 2016, it was estimated that there were 4 billion
cellular phone users worldwide; the number is growing by one million every month in the US. The goal of
this paper is to give a brief overview and also discuss the biological effects of the exposure to mobile
phones radiation. Many effects have been reported with the use of mobile phones on human organisms due
to the exposure to electromagnetic radiation. Concerns about the links between using the mobile phones
and biological effects, in particular, the brain tumors have been under research. As the other radio signals
transmition devices, cellular phone emits radiofrequency energy, which can heat the brain tissues and
cause damage to the brain cells. But even mobile phones operates at power level below the level at which
such heating effects occur, long term exposure to low level RF from mobile phones could cause other types
of health effects, such as brain cancer, due to energy absorption in the brain tissues. Some human
biological experiments, such as Aly et al. 2014, Aly, et al. 2008 indicates, the average time for the human
cells to respond to the effect of RF radiation was approximately 2.5 min, Hardell et al.2002, and Repacholi
et al.1997 indicated increased risk with exposure to mobile phones radiation. The British Association
festival of science was told recently that using a mobile telephone mor
This document discusses research into growing neurons on silicone as a way to repair damaged neurons and restore cognitive functions. Neurons can grow on silicone due to its similar properties to carbon and ability to transmit electrical signals. Researchers have shown neurons on silicone can control current flow. The hippocampus is an area often damaged in neurological diseases. It plays a key role in memory and spatial awareness. Damage there can cause cognitive deficits treatable by a computer chip that interfaces with brain tissue to perform damaged functions. The goal is to develop this technology to treat conditions like Alzheimer's and epilepsy.
This document discusses the future of bioelectronics in medicine. It describes how the convergence of biology and electronics could allow for technologies like restoring vision or reversing spinal cord injuries using implanted devices. Key areas that could be impacted include healthcare, homeland security, and protecting the environment. The document outlines some of the materials being researched for bioelectronics like graphene and PEDOT, as well as devices like pacemakers and biosensors. Advances in bioelectronics hold promise for new medical treatments but also challenges in biocompatibility and sensor longevity that researchers are working to address.
This document discusses the safety of cellphone radiation based on photon energy levels. It makes three key points:
1) Cellphones operate in the classical wave limit of high photon densities, not the single photon limit, so the energy of individual photons is irrelevant to safety.
2) The photon flux from cellphones is many orders of magnitude greater than levels that have produced biological effects in studies. Effects could result from coherent photon energies combining to do work inside cells.
3) Estimates suggest exposure levels above 30pW/m^2 could produce biological damage, whereas cellphones typically emit hundreds of V/m, exceeding considered "safe" levels for large neurons. Many studies have found health effects from
Voltage Transients and Health - Is There a Connection?Mikko Ahonen
Discussion about voltage transients and harmonic overwaves (aka "dirty electricity"). How 'smart grids" and "smart meters" could be made more healthier and sustainable. What 'Power Factor Correction' really means. Based on my research paper and presentation at The 4th International HYVITE Symposium on Wellbeing Technology, 9th June 2010 in Tampere, Finland.
1) Natural electromagnetic fields (EMFs) like the Schumann resonance have been shown to affect circadian rhythms in humans and animals, with rhythms changing to 33 hours when natural EMFs were removed.
2) Man-made EMFs like power-frequency transients and radiofrequency radiation from devices have been linked to health issues ranging from headaches to cancer, though results are mixed.
3) Further research is needed to better understand how natural and man-made EMFs interact with human biology and what levels may be safe or pose health risks.
The document summarizes research on the potential health effects of mobile phone use. It discusses several studies that have investigated links between mobile phone use and brain tumors or cognitive effects. While some research has found increased tumor risks with long-term mobile phone use, other studies have not found a causal relationship between use and cancer. Studies on cognitive effects have also shown mixed results, with some finding declines in memory, attention and learning associated with radio frequency exposure, while others found no effects. The document outlines the methodology and conclusions of several such epidemiological and case-control studies, noting that the scientific community has yet to reach a definite consensus on the health impacts of mobile phone use.
WI-FI ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS EXERT GENDER RELATED ALTERATIONS ON EEGNot Relevant
Abstract
The present study investigated the influence of electromagnetic fields, similar to that emitted by Wi-Fi system, on brain activity. Fifteen female and fifteen male subjects performed a short memory task (Wechsler test), both without and with exposure to a 2.4GHz Wi-Fi signal. For each subject, radiation condition and electrode, the amplitude in the frequency domain of the EEG signal was calculated from the recordings of 30 scalp electrodes, using the Fourier transform.
The presence of radiation had no effect on the energies of alpha and beta band of male subjects, while it reduced these energies of female subjects, resulting in significantly lower energies, as compared to those of males.
Delta and theta band energies did not experience any noteworthy effect from gender, radiation condition and their interaction. Conversely, there was a significant interaction effect (gender x radiation) on the energies of alpha and beta rhythms.
Interestingly, this pattern was observed for a number of electrodes, which formed two distinct clusters. one located at right- anterior and the second at occipital brain areas.
The present data support the idea that Wi-Fi signal may influence normal physiology through changes in gender related cortical excitability, as reflected by alpha and beta EEG frequencies.
:UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
RESEARCH REVIEW FOR POSSIBLE RELATION BETWEEN MOBILE PHONE REDIATION AND BRAI...ijitcs
The aim of this paper is to introduce a research review for the effect of Mobile phone radiation on human
health and the possible relation between Mobile phone radiation and brain tumor. Mobile phones become
increasingly prevalent throughout our society. In the year 2016, it was estimated that there were 4 billion
cellular phone users worldwide; the number is growing by one million every month in the US. The goal of
this paper is to give a brief overview and also discuss the biological effects of the exposure to mobile
phones radiation. Many effects have been reported with the use of mobile phones on human organisms due
to the exposure to electromagnetic radiation. Concerns about the links between using the mobile phones
and biological effects, in particular, the brain tumors have been under research. As the other radio signals
transmition devices, cellular phone emits radiofrequency energy, which can heat the brain tissues and
cause damage to the brain cells. But even mobile phones operates at power level below the level at which
such heating effects occur, long term exposure to low level RF from mobile phones could cause other types
of health effects, such as brain cancer, due to energy absorption in the brain tissues. Some human
biological experiments, such as Aly et al. 2014, Aly, et al. 2008 indicates, the average time for the human
cells to respond to the effect of RF radiation was approximately 2.5 min, Hardell et al.2002, and Repacholi
et al.1997 indicated increased risk with exposure to mobile phones radiation. The British Association
festival of science was told recently that using a mobile telephone mor
This document discusses research into growing neurons on silicone as a way to repair damaged neurons and restore cognitive functions. Neurons can grow on silicone due to its similar properties to carbon and ability to transmit electrical signals. Researchers have shown neurons on silicone can control current flow. The hippocampus is an area often damaged in neurological diseases. It plays a key role in memory and spatial awareness. Damage there can cause cognitive deficits treatable by a computer chip that interfaces with brain tissue to perform damaged functions. The goal is to develop this technology to treat conditions like Alzheimer's and epilepsy.
This document discusses the future of bioelectronics in medicine. It describes how the convergence of biology and electronics could allow for technologies like restoring vision or reversing spinal cord injuries using implanted devices. Key areas that could be impacted include healthcare, homeland security, and protecting the environment. The document outlines some of the materials being researched for bioelectronics like graphene and PEDOT, as well as devices like pacemakers and biosensors. Advances in bioelectronics hold promise for new medical treatments but also challenges in biocompatibility and sensor longevity that researchers are working to address.
This document discusses the safety of cellphone radiation based on photon energy levels. It makes three key points:
1) Cellphones operate in the classical wave limit of high photon densities, not the single photon limit, so the energy of individual photons is irrelevant to safety.
2) The photon flux from cellphones is many orders of magnitude greater than levels that have produced biological effects in studies. Effects could result from coherent photon energies combining to do work inside cells.
3) Estimates suggest exposure levels above 30pW/m^2 could produce biological damage, whereas cellphones typically emit hundreds of V/m, exceeding considered "safe" levels for large neurons. Many studies have found health effects from
Voltage Transients and Health - Is There a Connection?Mikko Ahonen
Discussion about voltage transients and harmonic overwaves (aka "dirty electricity"). How 'smart grids" and "smart meters" could be made more healthier and sustainable. What 'Power Factor Correction' really means. Based on my research paper and presentation at The 4th International HYVITE Symposium on Wellbeing Technology, 9th June 2010 in Tampere, Finland.
1) Natural electromagnetic fields (EMFs) like the Schumann resonance have been shown to affect circadian rhythms in humans and animals, with rhythms changing to 33 hours when natural EMFs were removed.
2) Man-made EMFs like power-frequency transients and radiofrequency radiation from devices have been linked to health issues ranging from headaches to cancer, though results are mixed.
3) Further research is needed to better understand how natural and man-made EMFs interact with human biology and what levels may be safe or pose health risks.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer classified radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B), based on limited evidence that heavy use of wireless phones can increase the risk of glioma, a type of brain cancer. A recent review by a working group of 31 scientists found limited evidence of increased cancer risk among long-term heavy users of mobile phones. They recommended further research on long-term, heavy use of mobile phones and measures to reduce exposure such as hands-free devices or texting.
Microwave radiation guidelines and debate during the last 50 yearsMikko Ahonen
This document discusses guidelines for microwave radiation exposure over the last 50 years. It describes how early guidelines focused on preventing thermal harm from high-level radar exposure based on military research. However, some studies found non-thermal biological effects. Guidelines now focus on SAR (specific absorption rate) measures, but these have limitations as they assume uniform tissue heating and do not consider effects from chronic or simultaneous exposures. New research on non-thermal effects and more accurate modeling of exposure is needed to develop improved safety guidelines.
Nanotechnology shows promise for revolutionizing cancer diagnosis and treatment. It enables detection and analysis of cancer at the molecular level using nanoscale devices like sensors, imaging agents, and targeted drug delivery vehicles. These can noninvasively detect cancer signatures, monitor treatment effectiveness in real time, and precisely deliver multiple drugs while sparing healthy cells. However, challenges remain around further developing these applications and training a new generation of interdisciplinary researchers skilled in both cancer biology and nanotechnology.
Miniaturized planar inverted f antenna for tri band bio-telemetry communicationIAEME Publication
This document describes a miniaturized planar inverted F antenna designed for tri-band bio-telemetry communications. The antenna is designed to operate in the Medical Implant Communications Service band of 402 MHz, the Industrial, Scientific and Medical band of 2.45 GHz, and a third band of 433 MHz. Meandered configuration, high dielectric constant substrate, grooving slots, and layer stacking are used to miniaturize the antenna size to 25.4 mm x 10 mm x 10 mm. Simulation results show bandwidths of 5 MHz, 100 MHz, and 18 MHz for the three bands, respectively, with efficiencies of 71.33%, 81.61%, and 73.7%. The antenna design aims to provide compact
Ultrasound Stimulation for Peripheral Nerve Repair v7Emily Ashbolt
Ultrasound stimulation increases neurite branching and outgrowth in peripheral neurons. Higher intensity ultrasound led to greater neurite branching and total outgrowth compared to lower intensities and untreated controls. Ultrasound also increased the metabolic activity of Schwann cells, peripheral glial cells that enhance neurite outgrowth. These findings suggest ultrasound may promote peripheral nerve regeneration by stimulating neuronal and glial responses. Further study is needed to understand the cellular mechanisms and potential for ultrasound as a non-invasive therapy for peripheral nerve injuries.
Concept of Bioelectronic Medicines
A new era of novel drug delivery system made possible to control chronic diseases using bioelectronic signal manipulation, added a new insight in the treatment of chronic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, cancer etc.. This might be a big hope now and in the future
Mobile Phone Handset Radiation Effect on Brainwave Signal using EEG: A Review IJEEE
This paper talks about the growing concern in the people about the effect of mobile phone RF radiation on human brainwave signal using various techniques to capture those effects. Linear, Non- linear and statistical methods (t-tests) employed by various researchers to analyze variation in brainwaves.This paper gives comparison between brainwaves like Delta (0.5-4 Hz), Theta (4-8 Hz), Alpha (8-13 Hz), Beta (13-30 Hz) and Gamma (30 Hz-70Hz) in terms of Frequency Progressive map and amplitude progressive tri-maps. Electroencephalography (EEG) gives a noninvasive way of measuring brainwave activity from sensors placed on the scalp of the human head. So, the aim of this paper is to study the effect of RF exposure from mobile phone on Human brainwave as brainwaves Brain wave can provide information of mental state of the individual.
The basics for symbiosis of Optics and Genetics have been explained in this presentation. " How light can change the very way of life?" .This question has been addressed using relevant web content, consultations from book and through nature videos. This presentation was awarded the highest score in PHM805 at Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra.
Electronics in medical sciences has been an emerging field of study and has evolved a lot. Bio electronics is a somewhat new branch that can provide more effective and convenient solutions by revolutionizing the scope of medicine forever. It involves electronic devices that can be consumed furthermore after going inside the body, capable of assisting in various procedures like a diagnosis, surgical assistance, etc. This paper focusses on delivering the fundamental concept of edible electronics, how is it helpful, its extent of application, and its challenges. Anshika Gupta "Bioelectronics - The Revolutionary Concept" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33022.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/other/33022/bioelectronics--the-revolutionary-concept/anshika-gupta
This design document proposes renovating the Avery Breathing Pacemaker electrode for use as a nerve cuff electrode to restore bladder function in individuals with spinal cord injuries. The current electrode design has limitations that could be addressed. The proposed redesigned nerve cuff would incorporate a shape memory alloy to allow self-closing around the nerve during implantation. It would also modify the lead wires to have a coiled design for flexibility and strain relief. The goal is to develop an improved nerve cuff electrode that can safely and effectively restore bladder control through electrical stimulation of peripheral nerves.
International Journal of Biometrics and Bioinformatics(IJBB) Volume (3) Issue...CSCJournals
This paper proposes a novel approach for measuring electrical impedance tomography (EIT) of local living tissue using an artificial intelligence algorithm. EIT is a non-invasive medical imaging technique that measures impedance distribution in tissue. The paper addresses challenges in estimating inner tissue impedance values and improving electrode structure. It introduces a "divided electrode" arrangement and equivalent circuit model to model local tissue impedance. An artificial intelligence algorithm called Alopex is used initially for parameter estimation, followed by the Newton method for higher accuracy, overcoming limitations of each approach individually. This novel hybrid model improves spatial resolution and accuracy of estimating tissue impedance values.
The document discusses electromagnetic fields and their interactions with biological systems. It describes how electromagnetic waves are characterized by their wavelength, frequency, and energy. Non-ionizing radiation cannot cause ionization but can produce biological effects like heating or inducing electrical currents. The World Health Organization's International EMF Project addresses health concerns from radiofrequency, extremely low frequency, and static electric and magnetic fields, which can produce biological effects that may lead to health consequences.
Nanotechnology offers solutions to challenges in genetic engineering. MEMS chips can be used for nanoinjection, delivering DNA to fertilized eggs through a nanometer-scale lance charged with DNA. This overcomes issues with pronuclear microinjection in agricultural animals. Nanoinjection uses electroporation, generating a localized electric field to insert DNA without fluid. Nanoparticles can also deliver therapeutic genes for conditions like retinopathies, protecting against viruses while targeting delivery and limiting expression time. Various nanoparticle types including polymers, gold, and magnetic varieties show promise for gene therapy applications.
Analysis of electromagnetic pollution due to high voltage transmission linesAlexander Decker
This document analyzes electromagnetic pollution from high voltage power transmission lines in Nigeria. It measures electric and magnetic field levels from 132kV and 330kV lines in Bauchi and Gombe areas. Field measurements were taken within 450m horizontally and 1.5m vertically from the lines. Measured field levels for both general public and occupational exposures were found to be within safety limits set by ICNIRP. The highest magnetic field measured was 45mG and 100mG for public and occupational exposures, respectively. The highest electric fields were 130V/m for both exposure groups. These levels represent a small percentage of ICNIRP safety limits.
PEDOT-coated electrodes may improve signal conduction compared to stainless steel electrodes in regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces (RPNI) without negatively impacting nerve viability. Histological and electrophysiological analysis of RPNIs in rats found no differences in nerve morphology, myelination, or reinnervation between PEDOT-coated and stainless steel electrodes after 7 months. However, PEDOT-coated electrodes produced stronger compound muscle action potentials, indicating improved signal recording capability. Therefore, the study concludes that PEDOT coating is biocompatible and can enhance RPNI signals without altering nerve regeneration.
This document discusses the design, development and packaging of an optrode for neuronal applications. It provides an introduction to optogenetics and describes how optogenetic tools like channelrhodopsin can be used to selectively control neuronal activity using light. It then discusses different optrode designs that integrate light emitting structures and recording electrodes. Potential issues with optrodes like light-induced damage and future perspectives involving 3D polymer structures are also mentioned.
This document summarizes research on the beneficial effects of electromagnetic fields. It describes how pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) were designed based on voltages produced in tissues during mechanical deformation. PEMFs have been successfully used to treat over 300,000 cases of fractures and musculoskeletal disorders. Research has identified cellular effects of PEMFs, such as increased tissue mineralization and angiogenesis, that contribute to healing conditions like nonunions. While mechanisms are still being understood, precise application of PEMFs has been shown to modify pathological processes and cellular behavior.
LLLT editorial published jorcs_journal of oral health and craniofacial science Cecilia Young 楊幽幽
Editorial
Low Level Light Therapy (LLLT):
Penetration and Photobiomodulation
Cecilia YOUNG*, Cheuk Lam MAK
Physician, Pharmacist People Health Magazine, Hong Kong
London is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom, and is one of the world's major global cities. It has a long history dating back to its founding by the Romans. Greater London contains four World Heritage Sites that showcase its rich history and culture: the Tower of London, the historic settlement of Greenwich, the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, and the Palace of Westminster and Westminster Abbey.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer classified radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B), based on limited evidence that heavy use of wireless phones can increase the risk of glioma, a type of brain cancer. A recent review by a working group of 31 scientists found limited evidence of increased cancer risk among long-term heavy users of mobile phones. They recommended further research on long-term, heavy use of mobile phones and measures to reduce exposure such as hands-free devices or texting.
Microwave radiation guidelines and debate during the last 50 yearsMikko Ahonen
This document discusses guidelines for microwave radiation exposure over the last 50 years. It describes how early guidelines focused on preventing thermal harm from high-level radar exposure based on military research. However, some studies found non-thermal biological effects. Guidelines now focus on SAR (specific absorption rate) measures, but these have limitations as they assume uniform tissue heating and do not consider effects from chronic or simultaneous exposures. New research on non-thermal effects and more accurate modeling of exposure is needed to develop improved safety guidelines.
Nanotechnology shows promise for revolutionizing cancer diagnosis and treatment. It enables detection and analysis of cancer at the molecular level using nanoscale devices like sensors, imaging agents, and targeted drug delivery vehicles. These can noninvasively detect cancer signatures, monitor treatment effectiveness in real time, and precisely deliver multiple drugs while sparing healthy cells. However, challenges remain around further developing these applications and training a new generation of interdisciplinary researchers skilled in both cancer biology and nanotechnology.
Miniaturized planar inverted f antenna for tri band bio-telemetry communicationIAEME Publication
This document describes a miniaturized planar inverted F antenna designed for tri-band bio-telemetry communications. The antenna is designed to operate in the Medical Implant Communications Service band of 402 MHz, the Industrial, Scientific and Medical band of 2.45 GHz, and a third band of 433 MHz. Meandered configuration, high dielectric constant substrate, grooving slots, and layer stacking are used to miniaturize the antenna size to 25.4 mm x 10 mm x 10 mm. Simulation results show bandwidths of 5 MHz, 100 MHz, and 18 MHz for the three bands, respectively, with efficiencies of 71.33%, 81.61%, and 73.7%. The antenna design aims to provide compact
Ultrasound Stimulation for Peripheral Nerve Repair v7Emily Ashbolt
Ultrasound stimulation increases neurite branching and outgrowth in peripheral neurons. Higher intensity ultrasound led to greater neurite branching and total outgrowth compared to lower intensities and untreated controls. Ultrasound also increased the metabolic activity of Schwann cells, peripheral glial cells that enhance neurite outgrowth. These findings suggest ultrasound may promote peripheral nerve regeneration by stimulating neuronal and glial responses. Further study is needed to understand the cellular mechanisms and potential for ultrasound as a non-invasive therapy for peripheral nerve injuries.
Concept of Bioelectronic Medicines
A new era of novel drug delivery system made possible to control chronic diseases using bioelectronic signal manipulation, added a new insight in the treatment of chronic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, cancer etc.. This might be a big hope now and in the future
Mobile Phone Handset Radiation Effect on Brainwave Signal using EEG: A Review IJEEE
This paper talks about the growing concern in the people about the effect of mobile phone RF radiation on human brainwave signal using various techniques to capture those effects. Linear, Non- linear and statistical methods (t-tests) employed by various researchers to analyze variation in brainwaves.This paper gives comparison between brainwaves like Delta (0.5-4 Hz), Theta (4-8 Hz), Alpha (8-13 Hz), Beta (13-30 Hz) and Gamma (30 Hz-70Hz) in terms of Frequency Progressive map and amplitude progressive tri-maps. Electroencephalography (EEG) gives a noninvasive way of measuring brainwave activity from sensors placed on the scalp of the human head. So, the aim of this paper is to study the effect of RF exposure from mobile phone on Human brainwave as brainwaves Brain wave can provide information of mental state of the individual.
The basics for symbiosis of Optics and Genetics have been explained in this presentation. " How light can change the very way of life?" .This question has been addressed using relevant web content, consultations from book and through nature videos. This presentation was awarded the highest score in PHM805 at Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra.
Electronics in medical sciences has been an emerging field of study and has evolved a lot. Bio electronics is a somewhat new branch that can provide more effective and convenient solutions by revolutionizing the scope of medicine forever. It involves electronic devices that can be consumed furthermore after going inside the body, capable of assisting in various procedures like a diagnosis, surgical assistance, etc. This paper focusses on delivering the fundamental concept of edible electronics, how is it helpful, its extent of application, and its challenges. Anshika Gupta "Bioelectronics - The Revolutionary Concept" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33022.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/other/33022/bioelectronics--the-revolutionary-concept/anshika-gupta
This design document proposes renovating the Avery Breathing Pacemaker electrode for use as a nerve cuff electrode to restore bladder function in individuals with spinal cord injuries. The current electrode design has limitations that could be addressed. The proposed redesigned nerve cuff would incorporate a shape memory alloy to allow self-closing around the nerve during implantation. It would also modify the lead wires to have a coiled design for flexibility and strain relief. The goal is to develop an improved nerve cuff electrode that can safely and effectively restore bladder control through electrical stimulation of peripheral nerves.
International Journal of Biometrics and Bioinformatics(IJBB) Volume (3) Issue...CSCJournals
This paper proposes a novel approach for measuring electrical impedance tomography (EIT) of local living tissue using an artificial intelligence algorithm. EIT is a non-invasive medical imaging technique that measures impedance distribution in tissue. The paper addresses challenges in estimating inner tissue impedance values and improving electrode structure. It introduces a "divided electrode" arrangement and equivalent circuit model to model local tissue impedance. An artificial intelligence algorithm called Alopex is used initially for parameter estimation, followed by the Newton method for higher accuracy, overcoming limitations of each approach individually. This novel hybrid model improves spatial resolution and accuracy of estimating tissue impedance values.
The document discusses electromagnetic fields and their interactions with biological systems. It describes how electromagnetic waves are characterized by their wavelength, frequency, and energy. Non-ionizing radiation cannot cause ionization but can produce biological effects like heating or inducing electrical currents. The World Health Organization's International EMF Project addresses health concerns from radiofrequency, extremely low frequency, and static electric and magnetic fields, which can produce biological effects that may lead to health consequences.
Nanotechnology offers solutions to challenges in genetic engineering. MEMS chips can be used for nanoinjection, delivering DNA to fertilized eggs through a nanometer-scale lance charged with DNA. This overcomes issues with pronuclear microinjection in agricultural animals. Nanoinjection uses electroporation, generating a localized electric field to insert DNA without fluid. Nanoparticles can also deliver therapeutic genes for conditions like retinopathies, protecting against viruses while targeting delivery and limiting expression time. Various nanoparticle types including polymers, gold, and magnetic varieties show promise for gene therapy applications.
Analysis of electromagnetic pollution due to high voltage transmission linesAlexander Decker
This document analyzes electromagnetic pollution from high voltage power transmission lines in Nigeria. It measures electric and magnetic field levels from 132kV and 330kV lines in Bauchi and Gombe areas. Field measurements were taken within 450m horizontally and 1.5m vertically from the lines. Measured field levels for both general public and occupational exposures were found to be within safety limits set by ICNIRP. The highest magnetic field measured was 45mG and 100mG for public and occupational exposures, respectively. The highest electric fields were 130V/m for both exposure groups. These levels represent a small percentage of ICNIRP safety limits.
PEDOT-coated electrodes may improve signal conduction compared to stainless steel electrodes in regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces (RPNI) without negatively impacting nerve viability. Histological and electrophysiological analysis of RPNIs in rats found no differences in nerve morphology, myelination, or reinnervation between PEDOT-coated and stainless steel electrodes after 7 months. However, PEDOT-coated electrodes produced stronger compound muscle action potentials, indicating improved signal recording capability. Therefore, the study concludes that PEDOT coating is biocompatible and can enhance RPNI signals without altering nerve regeneration.
This document discusses the design, development and packaging of an optrode for neuronal applications. It provides an introduction to optogenetics and describes how optogenetic tools like channelrhodopsin can be used to selectively control neuronal activity using light. It then discusses different optrode designs that integrate light emitting structures and recording electrodes. Potential issues with optrodes like light-induced damage and future perspectives involving 3D polymer structures are also mentioned.
This document summarizes research on the beneficial effects of electromagnetic fields. It describes how pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) were designed based on voltages produced in tissues during mechanical deformation. PEMFs have been successfully used to treat over 300,000 cases of fractures and musculoskeletal disorders. Research has identified cellular effects of PEMFs, such as increased tissue mineralization and angiogenesis, that contribute to healing conditions like nonunions. While mechanisms are still being understood, precise application of PEMFs has been shown to modify pathological processes and cellular behavior.
LLLT editorial published jorcs_journal of oral health and craniofacial science Cecilia Young 楊幽幽
Editorial
Low Level Light Therapy (LLLT):
Penetration and Photobiomodulation
Cecilia YOUNG*, Cheuk Lam MAK
Physician, Pharmacist People Health Magazine, Hong Kong
London is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom, and is one of the world's major global cities. It has a long history dating back to its founding by the Romans. Greater London contains four World Heritage Sites that showcase its rich history and culture: the Tower of London, the historic settlement of Greenwich, the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, and the Palace of Westminster and Westminster Abbey.
Este poema explora la tristeza como un estado emocional fundamental y constante en la vida humana. La tristeza almacena los recuerdos y experiencias más profundas de una persona y es una compañera fiel a través de las alegrías y penas de la vida. Aunque nacemos y morimos tristes, en el camino amamos a otros cuya belleza es un milagro.
The document discusses the potential health effects of prenatal exposure to cell phone radiation. It first notes that cell phone use has increased dependency on cell phones for communication. It then summarizes a study that found an association between prenatal cell phone use and behavioral problems in children such as ADHD. The document proposes a two-phase study to further examine the relationship between prenatal cell phone exposure and ADHD in offspring. It recommends that pregnant women limit cell phone use by using phones with lower radiation frequencies or for shorter periods.
Role of the new imaging modalities in the investigation of meniere diseaseCristian Yañez
The study evaluated imaging findings in 23 patients with definite Meniere's disease (MD) compared to 50 control subjects. High-resolution CT scans found that the vestibular aqueduct (VA) was nonvisualized more frequently in the MD group (27.8% of diseased ears vs 3.4% in controls), as was the endolymphatic duct-endolymphatic sac complex on MRI (39.1% vs 64.1%). Pneumatization around the VA was also lower in the MD group. The results suggest impaired flow of endolymph toward the endolymphatic sac may be involved in the pathophysiology of MD at different disease stages.
The document summarizes the Able Students Supporting Information Sector Technology 2009-2010 Specialist High Skills Major Program at TA Blakelock High School. The program focuses on robotics, electronics, networking, computer science, and IT skills. It includes hands-on learning experiences like robotics competitions, building computer networks and servers, and guest speakers from colleges and industry. Students participate in field trips and job placements to explore IT careers.
This document proposes a study to determine if prenatal exposure to cell phone use causes attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring. The study would have two phases: first, surveying pregnant women and mothers of 3-6 year olds about cell phone use during pregnancy and children's behavior; second, exposing pregnant hamsters to cell phone electromagnetic radiation at different frequencies and durations and observing offspring behavior. The goal is to raise awareness in pregnant women about cell phone use and further research effects of prenatal exposure on children's health and behavior.
Effects of Electromagnetism Exposure on Human Environment PaperKenko95
This document summarizes research on the effects of electromagnetic fields on humans. It discusses that electromagnetic fields can affect biological processes in the human body and may help cancer cells proliferate. However, electromagnetic fields are also used for medical diagnosis and therapy. The document reviews several studies that have investigated the effects of electromagnetic field exposure on immune cells, DNA damage, and pacemakers, finding mixed results. Some studies suggest electromagnetic fields may suppress tumor growth and have other potential health benefits in treating conditions like cancer, osteoporosis, and neurological disorders. Overall, the research presents both potential risks and benefits of electromagnetic field exposure for human health.
This document summarizes the human and environmental impacts of common cell phones. It discusses the health effects of radiation from cell phones, including potential links to brain cancer, DNA damage, and other issues. It also examines specific absorption rates (SAR) as a measure of radiation absorbed by the body from phones. Near-field radiation from phones held close to the head is identified as particularly hazardous. The document also discusses the toxic materials in phone components and waste, and problems with unsustainable waste management. Recommendations are provided to reduce radiation exposure and promote safer waste disposal.
Mobile phone radiation has potential health impacts according to studies. Research shows mobile phone radiation may cause behavioral issues in children, reduce male fertility, and impact the nervous system by altering brain activity and neurotransmitter release. Studies also link mobile phone radiation to oxidative stress, DNA damage, and reduced motility in human sperm. Further research on health effects of mobile phone towers found increased cancer rates and other illnesses like fatigue and sleep problems in people living near towers.
This aim of this paper is to investigate the specific absorption rate (SAR) distribution in a human head by
using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) calculations, due to exposure to EMF radiation from a
mobile phone at frequencies 900 MHz Mobile Phone model with a λ/2 monopole antenna and a hand head
phone model dimensions are 100 mm x 50 mm x 20 mm. The head model used is a sphere with a diameter
of 18 cm. The FDTD grid size used in the computation was 2.5 mm. The distance between the antenna and
head was 5 mm. To simplify the FDTD simulation, the SAR in the head was calculated without the effect of
the human body. It was found that the SAR induced in the head decreases with the distance from the
radiating source.
This study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of cell phone radiation exposure on buccal mucosa cells. Sixty male cell phone users who used their phones for 3-9 hours per day were divided into groups based on addiction habits and call duration. Their buccal cells were analyzed and compared to a control group of 60 males with less than 1 hour of daily exposure. Various cell anomalies including micronuclei, nuclear buds, and pyknotic cells were significantly higher in frequency in the exposed groups compared to controls. Frequency of anomalies was also significantly higher in addiction groups and groups with longer call durations, suggesting greater radiation exposure results in more DNA and cellular damage. The results imply health risks including cancer may increase with prolonged cell phone
Effects of Electromagnetism Exposure on Human EnvironmentKenko95
This document provides an overview of electromagnetism including its sources, uses, and effects. It discusses that electromagnetism comes from both natural sources like lightning and the Earth's magnetic field as well as artificial human-made sources like power outlets and mobile phones. The document also reviews several studies that have investigated both the potential harmful effects of electromagnetic exposure as well as some beneficial effects such as its use in suppressing cancer cell growth and reducing chemotherapy toxicity. While some research has linked electromagnetic fields to health issues, other studies have not found clear evidence of harm.
Review adverse effects on environment due to cell tower radiation (microwa...Nripesh Gupta
This paper tells u about the adverse effects on enviornment and human being due to cell tower radiation and what are different ways i.e governmental and basic ways to minimize the radiation.
EMF Protection: Should You Be Worried About EMF Exposure?George Kelly Nkem
The majority of us are accustomed to modern life's electronic conveniences. However, few of us are aware of the potential health concerns posed by the devices that keep our world running.
A stream of invisible electromagnetic waves is emitted by our power lines, smartphones, microwaves, Wi-Fi routers, laptops, and other products. Wherever electricity is utilized, whether at home and at work, electric and magnetic fields (EMFs) are produced.
Some scientists are concerned about the health risks associated with these sectors. Should we, nevertheless, be concerned?
While the majority of experts do not believe that most EMFs are harmful, some scientists still doubt the safety of EMF exposure. Many people believe that there hasn't been enough research done to determine whether EMFs are safe. Let's look at it more closely.
Cellular Telephone Use & the Risk of Brain Tumors.GhaYooruL
The document summarizes research on the potential health risks of cellular phone use and radiation. It discusses the history of phones and radiation types. It describes studies that found no significant association between phone use and brain tumors overall, though slightly higher risks were found for tumors in parts of the brain near phone use. The document recommends reducing phone use near the head, especially for children, and choosing phones with lower radiation absorption.
The document discusses the harmful effects of cell phone radiation on human health, including brain tumors, heart attacks, cancer, and miscarriages. It then describes how cell phone radiation triggers protective responses in cells that can lead to cellular dysfunction and DNA damage over time. The document proposes using an "anti-radiation chip" called Secure Guard to superimpose random electromagnetic fields on cell phone signals in order to minimize their harmful structured effects on human cells. It presents results from blood cell and thermography tests suggesting Secure Guard is effective at reducing temperature increases and blood cell changes caused by cell phone radiation exposure.
The Impact of Neurodegeneration on Network Connectivity: A Study of Change De...rockbam
This study used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to examine change detection and frontotemporal network connectivity in patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) compared to healthy older adults. The study found that patients with bvFTD showed normal auditory cortical responses to predictable tones but reduced responses to unpredictable tones, suggesting impaired change detection. Analysis of coherence among frontal, temporal, and parietal sources found reduced left frontotemporal coherence in bvFTD patients in the beta frequency range, as well as reduced frontal interhemispheric coherence and enhanced parietal interhemispheric coherence in the gamma frequency range. These results provide evidence that bvFTD is associated with dysfunctional
This document discusses electromagnetic fields (EMF) and their impact on health. It begins with an introduction and overview of EMFs, their sources such as power lines and radio antennas, and how they are measured. It then addresses 13 common questions about EMFs through a question and answer format. The questions cover what an EMF is, its sources, its measurement, potential health effects, and concerns specifically regarding mobile phones and relay antennas. While some studies have found biological effects, no causal health effects have been proven. Children and pregnant women may be more vulnerable groups.
A STUDY OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION EFFECTS FROM MOBILE PHONE BASE STATIONS ...IAEME Publication
The document summarizes research on the effects of electromagnetic radiation from mobile phone base stations on human health. It discusses studies that have examined effects on body temperature, neurobehavioral disorders, and cancer incidence. While some early studies found associations between electromagnetic radiation exposure and certain health symptoms, more recent reviews and epidemiological studies have found no evidence that daily exposure levels pose health risks. However, few studies have looked at long-term or child health effects. Overall, the research to date has not found that typical exposures from base stations cause adverse health impacts.
Electromagnetic Radiations With Respect to Cell Phone TowerSadaf Liaquat
This document discusses electromagnetic radiation from cell phone towers and their potential health effects. It provides an overview of how cell phone towers work and transmit electromagnetic waves. It then summarizes several peer-reviewed scientific studies that have found adverse health effects like headaches, sleep disturbances, concentration difficulties, and increased cancer rates in populations living near mobile phone towers. The document also notes that children, pregnant women, and pacemaker users may be at higher risk. It concludes by discussing bans on cell phone towers in some areas and references several studies examining the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation.
Neuroprosthetics involves using brain signals acquired from neurons for various purposes like restoring movement in paralyzed patients. Nanotechnology like nano multi-electrode arrays can be used to receive and transmit brain signals more effectively by increasing electrode conduction and reducing incorrect connections with neurons. Neuroprosthetics has applications in both in vivo and in vitro contexts and can help improve functions like movement, speech, and understanding of drug effects on animal behavior and emotions.
The document discusses artificial neural networks (ANNs) and their applications in medical science. It defines ANNs as systems of artificial neurons that can be modeled on biological neural networks. The document outlines the basic components and functioning of ANNs, including nodes, connections between nodes, weights, and learning algorithms. It then discusses several medical applications of ANNs, such as diagnosis, pathology, microbiology, and outcome prediction. Both advantages and drawbacks of using ANNs in medicine are presented. The conclusion reiterates that ANNs show promise across many medical fields but still require further improvement and validation.
An extensive review over current technology, possibilities and ethical implications in the area of neuronal implants.
Topics include:
- different forms of neuronal implants
- problems with current technology
- future possibilities
This document summarizes concerns about potential health risks from cell phone radiation. It discusses how cell phone radiation works and the frequencies involved. Lower frequencies like those from cell phones are linked to health issues like cancer and fertility problems, though the scientific community is hesitant to make definitive claims. The document also discusses a former industry-funded researcher who later warned about risks and criticized how studies downplayed some concerning findings.
This document provides summaries of various studies on the health effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) and radiofrequency (RF) radiation from sources like mobile phones, mobile phone base stations, and wireless internet routers. It summarizes 12 studies from 2011-2012 investigating topics like the impact of EMF on melatonin levels, DNA damage, cognitive performance, stress and sleep, fertility and sperm health, and brain tumor risk in children. The studies were conducted in several countries and investigated biological effects in humans and animals as well as epidemiological associations with mobile phone use.
The RISE Program helps students become familiar with scientific research through hands-on experiences. It teaches students how to think creatively by proposing original research topics and defending proposals. It also teaches how to access and interpret scientific literature to inform research. Students learn important laboratory techniques that will help them perform research. The various courses and experiences of the RISE Program contribute to preparing new potential scientists and benefiting society through advancing scientific understanding.
This summary discusses a workshop on nanotechnology attended by the author. The workshop covered microfluidics and developing miniaturized technologies to integrate an entire laboratory onto a single chip, called a "lab on a chip". It also discussed photolithography techniques used to create chip patterns, including e-beam lithography and optical lithography. As an exercise, the author made a Jell-O chip in the shape of a frog to learn how real chips are produced using inexpensive materials.
The document announces a nanotechnology workshop from October 7th to 9th organized by Ms. Ivonne Ferrer and Ms. Jesus Velazquez. The workshop will likely focus on nanotechnology topics over the three day period and is being run by the two individuals mentioned.
Aplicaciones del ADN en la nueva tecnologiaLester Rosario
El documento describe varias aplicaciones del ADN en la tecnología moderna, incluyendo su uso para entender los mecanismos de la vida a través del estudio de genes y mutaciones, resolver crímenes y misterios mediante pruebas de identificación forense, y crear soluciones para la salud y nutrición como la insulina recombinante y los alimentos modificados genéticamente.
During the morning, the student took a biology class with Dr. Belinda Román where they discussed chemistry and reviewed material from high school. The class talked about evolution and its relation to chemistry. They finished at 10:30 pm so the student went to the library to work on assignments.
During the morning, the student took a biology class with Dr. Belinda Román where they discussed chemistry and reviewed material from high school. The class talked about evolution and its relation to chemistry. They finished at 10:30 pm so the student went to the library to work on assignments.
Lester Rosario attended his first workshop for the Rise Program 2010 where he learned how to create a blog, something he had never done before. The professor taught him how to include personal information and make the blog interesting by including details about the Rise Program. Creating a blog will make communication easier between Lester and his professor and allow him to document his experiences as a student and future professional.
ELISA is a technique used to detect antibodies or antigens in a sample. It works by first adding antigens to wells which antibodies then bind to. Secondary antibodies with an enzyme are then added, and if the antigens and primary antibodies are present, the enzyme causes a color change reaction. This process allows ELISA to be used to test for conditions like HIV in patients by simulating the immune response in a lab setting.
Enzymes accelerate biological reactions and their reaction rates depend on conditions like temperature and pH levels. The workshop explored how altering conditions affected catalysis and reaction rates using the enzyme p-nitrophenyl glucopyranoside. Experiments showed this enzyme works best at pH 5, where it hydrolyzes starch into glucose and p-nitrophenol, detected by its yellow color. Samples tested at different pH levels found only pH 5 turned yellow, and spectrometer readings confirmed more products formed at lower pH, demonstrating pH significantly impacts the enzyme's reaction rate.
The workshop tested the protein content of different types of milk using the Bradford Protein Assay. Samples of different milks were diluted and added to Coomassie blue dye, which binds to amino acids and changes color based on protein concentration. Known protein standards were also prepared. Absorbance measurements from a spectrophotometer were used to create a standard curve to calculate the exact protein concentration in mg/mL of the milk samples.
pGLO Bacterial Transformation and pGLO SDS Page Extension Lester Rosario
Bacterial transformation involves inserting a gene from one organism into another using plasmids. Plasmids containing a gene of interest are introduced into bacteria, allowing the bacteria to express proteins from that gene. In this workshop, green fluorescent protein (GFP) was used as a marker to test if E. coli bacteria were transformed. E. coli cultures were grown, one containing a GFP plasmid. Under UV light, the plasmid-containing culture showed GFP expression, indicating transformation occurred. SDS-PAGE was used to separate and observe the transformed bacteria's proteins, revealing bands corresponding to GFP.
The workshop covered nanotechnology, which involves working with materials smaller than 100 nm. At this scale, materials exhibit different physical, chemical, and biological properties that can be exploited for various applications. For example, nanomaterials have more surface area, inducing more catalytic reactions and reactivity. The workshop demonstrated creating a hydrogen sensor using electrospun polyethylene oxide fibers coated with palladium and gold through sputtering to detect hydrogen concentrations.
Bioinformatics applies statistics and computer science to molecular biology, mapping and analyzing DNA and protein sequences and comparing sequences between organisms. The workshop taught how bioinformatics is used in scientific investigations by allowing easy access to known data. Participants practiced using bioinformatics databases to find DNA sequences for fibrinogen alpha chains across species, translate DNA to protein sequences, and compare protein sequences between species to understand how bioinformatics works.
Genetic Modification in Papaya and Fritos® Corn ChipsLester Rosario
The document summarizes an experiment testing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in papaya and Fritos corn chips. DNA was extracted from the samples and tested using PCR and gel electrophoresis. The results initially showed no GMO DNA sequences in the papaya or corn chips. However, the results were deemed unreliable due to DNA degradation. The experiment would need to be repeated to obtain more reliable conclusions about the presence of GMOs in the food samples.
Genetic Modification in Maize, Papaya, Fritos® Corn Chips, and Natura® SoymilkLester Rosario
This document summarizes an experiment to identify GMO genes in corn, soy milk, and papaya samples. DNA was extracted from the samples and amplified via PCR with primers for the 35S promoter, NOS terminator, and PSII genes. The resulting DNA fragments were run on an agarose gel during electrophoresis. Bands were observed at the expected sizes for the 35S and NOS genes in the corn and papaya samples, indicating they contain those GMO genes, but not in the soy milk sample. The results suggest the corn and papaya samples contain GMOs while the soy milk does not, but the experiment needs to be repeated to obtain reliable conclusions due to potential human errors.
This study investigated whether exposure to cell phone radiation up-regulates (increases) genes related to apoptosis in primary cultures of neurons and astrocytes. The researchers exposed cultures of neurons and astrocytes to cell phone radiation for 2 hours. Gene expression analysis found increased expression of caspase-2, caspase-6, and Asc apoptosis genes in both neurons and astrocytes exposed to the radiation. The study concluded that even short-term exposure to cell phone radiation can increase expression of genes involved in apoptosis pathways and cause cell death in brain cells, with neurons appearing more sensitive than astrocytes.
Magnetic Resonance as a Tool for Structural Studies of Membrane ProteinsLester Rosario
The document summarizes a seminar on using magnetic resonance techniques like NMR and EPR spectroscopy to study the structure and dynamics of membrane proteins like Sec14p. The presenter Mary Chely Quiñones discussed using EPR spectroscopy with spin-labeled lipids to investigate the local dynamics and electrostatic environment of lipids binding to Sec14p in order to better understand vitamin E disorders.
The document summarizes a seminar on using magnetic resonance techniques like NMR and EPR spectroscopy to study the structure and dynamics of membrane proteins like Sec14p. The presenter Mary Chely Quiñones discussed using EPR spectroscopy with spin-labeled lipids to study the local environment and dynamics of lipids binding to Sec14p in order to better understand vitamin E disorders.
Seyed et al. investigated the effects of mobile phone radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) at 910 MHz and 940 MHz on the structure and function of hemoglobin. They found that exposure to EMFs altered hemoglobin's oxygen affinity and tertiary structure by decreasing its ability to bind oxygen in the lungs and increasing its release of oxygen to tissues. The changes corresponded to the intensity and duration of EMF exposure, suggesting that EMFs could affect human respiration.
This study investigated whether exposure to cell phone radiation up-regulates (increases) genes related to apoptosis in primary cultures of neurons and astrocytes. The researchers exposed cultures of neurons and astrocytes to cell phone radiation for 2 hours. Gene expression analysis found increased expression of caspase-2, caspase-6, and Asc apoptosis genes in both neurons and astrocytes exposed to the radiation. The study concluded that even short-term exposure to cell phone radiation can increase expression of genes involved in apoptosis pathways and cause cell death in brain cells, with neurons appearing more sensitive than astrocytes.
Infrastructure Challenges in Scaling RAG with Custom AI modelsZilliz
Building Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems with open-source and custom AI models is a complex task. This talk explores the challenges in productionizing RAG systems, including retrieval performance, response synthesis, and evaluation. We’ll discuss how to leverage open-source models like text embeddings, language models, and custom fine-tuned models to enhance RAG performance. Additionally, we’ll cover how BentoML can help orchestrate and scale these AI components efficiently, ensuring seamless deployment and management of RAG systems in the cloud.
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
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GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
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What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
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Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
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Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Speck&Tech
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial IntelligenceIndexBug
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We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERPPixlogix Infotech
Boost your website's visibility with proven SEO techniques! Our latest blog dives into essential strategies to enhance your online presence, increase traffic, and rank higher on search engines. From keyword optimization to quality content creation, learn how to make your site stand out in the crowded digital landscape. Discover actionable tips and expert insights to elevate your SEO game.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
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National Security Agency - NSA mobile device best practices
Review Paper 1
1. Review Paper
Cell Phone Use and Brain-Related Problems
Lester J. Rosario Rodríguez
University of Puerto Rico, Cayey Campus
Department of Biology
Abstract
Scientists support the idea that exposure to electromagnetic fields could has a
negative effect on human health. Electromagnetic fields are radiated from cell phones
(today at frequencies from 800 MHz to 1900 MHz), and this technology has been rising in
use over the years. Today there are several studies whose purposes are to find if there is
any association between cell phones use and brain-related problems on humans. This
review provides information about the different effects that exposure to electromagnetic
radiation has on human brain. In resume, the problems found in some researches are
associated with: the developing of malignant tumors and acoustic neuroma, the
dysregulation of gene expression related to cell death pathways in neurons and astrocytes,
the negative effects on neural function, the oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA in
primary cultured neurons, the albumin extravasation over the blood-brain barrier, and the
alteration of oxygen affinity and tertiary structure of human hemoglobin.
1. Introduction
1.1 Cell Phones and Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR)
Cell phones are one of today’s great advances in technology. This gadget was
created to satisfy people’s need for communication in an easier way; in order that they
could communicate being geographically distant. The cell phones are now part of a
person’s daily life. Today about a half of the people all around the world are cell phone
users (Nittby et al. 2009). The society knows how to use them, but many of the people
don’t know how they work.
Cell phone technology incorporates base stations, namely, transmission tower
antennae, and cell phone hand-held units. Cell phone networks were first deployed in
Sweden in 1981 via the Nordic Mobile Telephone System (analogue; 450 MHz; first
generation or ―1G‖). The digital system (Global System for Mobile Communication, or
GSM) started in 1991, representing the second generation of cell phone systems, or ―2G.‖
The latest system currently in mass deployment is about frequencies of 800 and 1900
MHz; called the ―3G‖. Cell phone base stations or masts emit electromagnetic radiations
(EMR) continuously and at far greater power than cell phones which emit EMR
continuously only during calls. Between calls or ―at rest‖ with the ―screen asleep‖ but the
power on, cell phones emit a regular pulse of EMR in order for base stations to
continuously keep track of the geographic position of the phones in their ―cellular
2. network.‖ An EMF is composed of an electric field generated by differences in voltage and
a magnetic field generated by the flow of current. The field propagates at the speed of light
in waves of a certain length that oscillate at a certain frequency. In the electromagnetic
range, gamma rays given off by radioactive materials, cosmic rays, and x-rays are all
dangerous to humans and other organisms because of the relatively high-energy they carry
via high-frequency or short-wavelength waves. Such rays lead to dangerous ―ionizing‖
radiation with an ability to break intermolecular bonds. Cell phone systems also act via
EMR but in the ―microwave‖ or ―radiofrequency‖ range close to that of a microwave oven.
These systems are supposedly safe because of the lower-energy they carry via relatively
low-frequency or long-wavelength waves that are ―nonionizing‖ because of insufficient
energy to break intermolecular bonds. (Nittby et al. 2009). In spite of that, the relationship
between exposure to electromagnetic fields (ELFs) and brain tumor incidence has long
been a subject of concern and research in the neurosciences and oncology. (Pawl 2008).
1.2 The Brain
The human brain is the center of the human nervous system and is a highly complex
organ. The brain monitors and regulates the body's actions and reactions. It continuously
receives sensory information, and rapidly analyzes this data and then responds, controlling
bodily actions and functions. The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous
system that integrates the information that it receives from, and coordinates the activity of,
all parts of the bodies of bilaterian animals—that is, all multicellular animals except
sponges and radially symmetric animals such as jellyfish. It contains the majority of the
nervous system and consists of the brain and the spinal cord. The central nervous system
consists of neurons and glial cells. Neurons constitute about half the volume of the CNS
and glial cells make up the rest. The four main functions of glial cells are: to surround
neurons and hold them in place, to supply nutrients and oxygen to neurons, to insulate one
neuron from another, and to destroy and remove the carcasses of dead neurons. The
astrocytes are one type of the glial cells of the central nervous system. The peripheral
nervous system, or PNS, consists of the nerves and ganglia outside of the brain and the
spinal cord. The main function of the PNS is to connect the central nervous system (CNS)
to the limbs and organs. Schwann cells are the principal glia of the peripheral nervous
system. These cells are involved in: the conduction of nervous impulses along axons, nerve
development and regeneration, trophic support for neurons, production of the nerve
extracellular matrix, modulation of neuromuscular synaptic activity, and presentation of
antigens to T-lymphocytes. (Hardell et al. 2009). Worldwide use of cell phones has raised
concerns that such technology may increase the risk of malignant brain tumors and of
acoustic neuroma (AN), a benign tumor arising from the eighth cranial nerve that leads
from the brain to the inner ear. (Han 2009). Also there are other brain-related problems
associated with the exposure to EMR.
2. Brain Tumors: Glioma and Acoustic Neuroma
The glioma is a cancer of the brain that begins in glial cells. Hardell and
collaborators in 2007 associated long-term use of cell phones (>10 years) with the
development of glioma and acoustic neuroma. The study was of limited value due to
methodological shortcomings in the study. Of the 16 case–control studies, 11 gave results
3. for ≥10 years’ use or latency period. Most of these results were based on low numbers. An
association with acoustic neuroma was found in four studies in the group with at least 10
years’ use of a mobile phone. No risk was found in one study, but the tumor size was
significantly larger among users. Six studies gave results for malignant brain tumors in that
latency group. All gave increased odd ratios (OR), especially for ipsilateral exposure (the
side of the head where the mobile phone is used). However, there are several studies where
no association or significance has been found.
3. Neurons
A dysregulation of gene expression related to cell death pathways in neurons and
astrocytes was associated with exposure to GSM mobile phones at a frequency of 1900
MHz. The results showed that even relatively short-term exposure to cell phone
radiofrequency emissions can up-regulate elements of apoptotic pathways in cells derived
from the brain, and that neurons appear to be more sensitive to this effect than astrocytes
(Zhao et al. 2007). Another research done by Croft and collaborators in 2002 suggests that
exposure to an active mobile phone (MP) affects human neural function.
Cells communicate with each other producing tiny electrical impulses. These
impulses can be measured by an electroencephalogram (EEG), placing electrodes on the
scalp. In this research, twenty-four subjects participated in a single-blind fully
counterbalanced cross-over design, where both resting EEG (eyes closed) and phase-locked
neural responses to auditory stimuli were measured while a MP was either operating or
turned off. MP exposure altered resting EEG, decreasing 1–4 Hz activity (right
hemisphere sites), and increasing 8–12 Hz activity as a function of exposure duration
(midline posterior sites). MP exposure also altered early phase-locked neural responses,
attenuating the normal response decrement over time in the 4–8 Hz band, decreasing the
response in the 12-30 Hz band globally and as a function of time, and increasing midline
frontal and lateral posterior responses in the 30–45 Hz band. In conclusion, active MPs
affect neural function in humans and do so as a function of exposure duration. The temporal
nature of this effect may contribute to the lack of consistent results reported in the
literature. In 2007, it was reported that GSM electromagnetic fields (GSM-EMFs) of
mobile phones modulate – after a prolonged exposure – inter-hemispheric synchronization
of temporal and frontal resting electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms in normal young
subjects (Vecchio et al. 2007). Later, in 2010, another group directed by Vecchio found
that elderly subjects showed a statistically significant (p < 0.001) increment of the inter-
hemispheric coherence of frontal and temporal alpha rhythms (about 8–12 Hz) during the
GSM condition, comparing them with the young subjects. This means that physiological
aging is related to changes in the functional organization of cortical neural synchronization.
3.1 Oxidative stress
The oxidative stress represents an imbalance between the production of reactive
oxygen species (ROS) and a biological system's ability to readily detoxify the reactive
intermediates or to repair the resulting damage. Increasing evidence indicates that
oxidative stress may be involved in the adverse effects of radiofrequency (RF) radiation on
the brain. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) defects are closely associated with various
4. nervous system diseases and mtDNA is particularly susceptible to oxidative stress.
Scientists exposed primary cultured cortical neurons to pulsed RF electromagnetic fields at
a frequency of 1800 MHz modulated by 217 Hz at an average special absorption rate
(SAR) of 2 W/kg. At 24 h after exposure, they found that RF radiation induced a
significant increase in the levels of 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OHdG), a common biomarker of
DNA oxidative damage, in the mitochondria of neurons. Concomitant with this finding, the
copy number of mtDNA and the levels of mitochondrial RNA transcripts showed an
obvious reduction after RF exposure. These results suggested that 1800 MHz RF radiation
could cause oxidative damage to mtDNA in primary cultured neurons. Oxidative damage to
mtDNA may account for the neurotoxicity of RF radiation in the brain. (Xu et al.2010).
According to Campisi and collaborators (2010), even acute exposure to low intensity
electromagnetic field (EMF) inducesROS production and DNA fragmentation in astrocytes
in primary cultures, which represent the principal target of modulated EMF.
4. The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB)
The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) is formed by the vascular endothelial cells of the
capillaries of the brain and the glial cells wrapped around them. An intact BBB is
necessary for the protection of the mammalian brain from potentially harmful substances
circulating in the blood. In the normal brain, the passage of compounds over the BBB is
highly restricted and homeostasis within the sensitive environment of the brain parenchyma
can be maintained. In a research, forty-eight rats were exposed in TEM-cells for 2 h at
non-thermal specific absorption rates (SARs) of 0 mW/kg, 0.12 mW/kg, 1.2 mW/kg,
12 mW/kg and 120 mW/kg. Albumin extravasation (escape) over the BBB, neuronal
albumin uptake and neuronal damage were assessed. There was a low, but significant
correlation between the exposure level (SAR-value) and occurrence of focal albumin
extravasation (Nittby et al. 2009). Another study found that after exposing humans for 30
minutes to a mobile phone the serum levels of transthyretin (a cerebrospinal fluid carrier of
the thyroid hormone thyroxine and retinol) increased in the last blood sample recollected
after the exposure. However, the significance of this finding, if any, is unknown
(Söderqvist et al. 2009).
5. Human Adult Hemoglobin (HbA)
Hemoglobin is a protein whose physiological function is to transport oxygen from
the lungs to the tissues. Seyed and collaborators in 2009 investigated the effects of mobile
phone radiofrequency (910 MHz and 940 MHz) on the structure and function of
hemoglobin (HbA). Oxygen affinity was measured by sodium dithionite with Ultraviolet–
visible spectrophotometer. Structural changes were studied by circular dichroism
(characterizes protein structure) and fluorescence spectroscopy. It was found that mobile
phone electromagnetic fields (EMFs) altered oxygen affinity and tertiary structure of HbA.
The decrease of oxygen affinity of HbA corresponded to the EMFs intensity and time of
exposure.
5. Conclusions
There are significant results of researches that associate exposure to electromagnetic
fields of cell phones with brain-related problems. An association with acoustic neuroma
was found in four studies with at least 10 years’ use of a mobile phone. Another six studies
gave results for malignant brain tumors within the same period of time. All those studies
gave results especially for ipsilateral exposure (the side of the head where the mobile phone
is used). However, there are several studies where no association or significance has been
found. The results of a study about neurons of the brain showed that even relatively short-
term exposure to cell phone radiofrequency emissions (1900 MHz) can up-regulate
elements of apoptotic pathways in cells derived from the brain, and that neurons appear to
be more sensitive to this effect than astrocytes. Two reasearches suggest that active mobile
phones can affect neural function in humans and do so as a function of exposure duration.
Another research suggests that physiological aging is related to changes in the functional
organization of cortical neural synchronization (in the brain). A research suggests that
1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation could cause oxidative damage to mtDNA in primary
cultured neurons. Also it was found in another study that even acute exposure to low
intensity electromagnetic field (EMF) induces reactive oxygen species production and
DNA fragmentation in astrocytes in primary cultures. About the blood-brain barrier
(BBB), it was found in rats that there was a low, but significant correlation between the
exposure level and occurrence of focal albumin extravasation over the BBB. Finally, it was
found that mobile phone electromagnetic fields (910 MHz and 940 MHz) altered oxygen
affinity and tertiary structure of human hemoglobin (HbA). The decrease of oxygen
affinity of HbA corresponded to the EMFs intensity and time of exposure.
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