The document discusses trauma-informed design and trauma. It defines trauma in multiple ways, including as an event that is physically or emotionally harmful, as well as different types of trauma such as acute, chronic, complex, relational, collective, and historical trauma. It also discusses what triggers past trauma, such as unpredictability, sudden changes, sensory overload, and loss of control. The document outlines how to create safety in design for the self, environment, clinical frame, and in facilitation relationships. Finally, it lists the six key components of trauma-informed systems as understanding trauma and stress, safety and stability, cultural humility and equity, compassion and dependability, collaboration and empowerment, and resilience and recovery.
Trauma And Post Traumatic Stress For 2009 National ConferenceMedicalWhistleblower
Persons who have experienced life altering trauma often have significant emotional and psychological effects called Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. This requires compassionate response from those closest to the survivor and from social service personnel and law enforcement officers.
Trauma And Post Traumatic Stress For 2009 National ConferenceMedicalWhistleblower
Persons who have experienced life altering trauma often have significant emotional and psychological effects called Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. This requires compassionate response from those closest to the survivor and from social service personnel and law enforcement officers.
Disaster management and population with special needs disaster psychology a ...Narottam Priyadarsahi
In this presentation, I have described the Disaster management and classification of disaster ; population with special needs; disaster psychology a dual perspective
Reasonable responses to unreasonable behaviour?: medical and sociological perspectives on the aftermaths of sexual violence - Liz Kelly, CWASU, London Metropolitan University
Crisis results from stress and tension in a person’s life. Stress is the element in crisis development. As stress mounts to unusual proportions and the individual’s coping skills become increasingly ineffective, the potential for crisis occurs
Since the beginning of the year, 60,656 non-EU immigrants landed in Italy, of which 51,596 in Lampedusa and other islands in the Pelagian
.
This presentation afford the definition of human being and Integral Development based on Fernando Rielo's philosophy
This workwas presented during the II Workshop on Medical Anthropology in Rome, on October 14th-15th 2011.
The video for this presentation is available on our Youtube channel:
https://youtube.com/allceuseducation A continuing education course for this presentation can be found at https://www.allceus.com/member/cart/index/index?c=
This powerpoint is part of AllCEU's Addiction Counselor Training Series. During this session we explore the characteristics of crisis, steps to take in an acute crisis and why some events trigger a crisis for some people, but not others.
Each week we provide 8 hours of face-to-face continuing education and precertification training to LPCs, LADCs, and those wishing to become addiction counselors. Many states allow precertification to be done via online learning as well. We are approved education providers by NAADAC #599 and NBCC #6261
Trauma, Terrorism, Catastrophes and Pastoral CareProf. Ced.docxturveycharlyn
Trauma,
Terrorism, Catastrophes and
Pastoral Care
Prof. Cedric Johnson
PC 408
Spring 2017
Trauma & Recovery
What is trauma?
What are some of the ways that you or people you know have experienced trauma?
What is (1) hyperarousal, (2) intrusion and (3) constriction.
What surprised you from the readings?
The systems that give people a sense of control, connection and meaning are overwhelmed.
The incident includes threats to life or bodily integrity, a close personal encounter with violence, or witnessing grotesque death.
The event engenders a feeling of intense fear, helplessness, loss of control, and threat of annihilation.
Trauma often occurs when…
So the healing process must address the reestablishment of control, connection and meaning!
3
Trauma & Recovery
When the force is of nature, we speak of disasters or catastrophes.
When the force is that of other human beings, we speak of atrocities or terrorism.
What is “overwhelming” about the experience of trauma?
4
Auto Accident
Assault
Being Robbed
Domestic Violence
Death of a Loved One
Witnessing Terror
Natural Disaster
Miscarriage
Infertility
Suicide
Bullying
Abandonment
Adoption
Divorce
Childbirth
Abortion
Wartime Experiences
Emotional, Physical or Sexual Abuse
Slavery, Apartheid or other forms of domination
Pastor dies, leaves or is dismissed
Potentially Traumatic Experiences
Trauma undermines the belief systems that give meaning to human experience.
Traumatized persons can lose trust in themselves, in other people, and in God.
The Traumatized Self
Traumatic Stress
PTSD references a “disorder” characterized by symptoms that imply a high level of daily dysfunction which emerges in the wake of a traumatic experience.
Countless untreated people have sub-clinical traumas that do not impinge severely upon their activities of daily living.
The ordinary response to danger entails a complex system of reactions.
Threat arouses the nervous system, causing the endangered person to go into a state of alert.
Concentration on the immediate threat, allows a person to disregard fatigue or pain.
Changes in arousal, attention, perception, and emotion mobilize the person for either “fightor flight.”
An Ordinary Response
If there is neither time nor strength for fight or flight and death appears imminent, the body will freeze.
The victim of trauma enters an altered state – time slows down, there is no fear or pain.
Fight, Flight or Freeze
Many trauma survivors feel guilt and shame for freezing and not doing more to protect themselves by fighting back or running away.
Understanding that freezing is an automatic response can facilitate the healing process.
Fight, Flight or Freeze
Trauma occurs when the human system for self-defense becomes overwhelmed and/or meaning-making structures become undermined.
Components of our “survival” system tend to persist in an exaggerated state long after the actual danger is over.
Traumatic events can thus produce lasting ...
Disaster management and population with special needs disaster psychology a ...Narottam Priyadarsahi
In this presentation, I have described the Disaster management and classification of disaster ; population with special needs; disaster psychology a dual perspective
Reasonable responses to unreasonable behaviour?: medical and sociological perspectives on the aftermaths of sexual violence - Liz Kelly, CWASU, London Metropolitan University
Crisis results from stress and tension in a person’s life. Stress is the element in crisis development. As stress mounts to unusual proportions and the individual’s coping skills become increasingly ineffective, the potential for crisis occurs
Since the beginning of the year, 60,656 non-EU immigrants landed in Italy, of which 51,596 in Lampedusa and other islands in the Pelagian
.
This presentation afford the definition of human being and Integral Development based on Fernando Rielo's philosophy
This workwas presented during the II Workshop on Medical Anthropology in Rome, on October 14th-15th 2011.
The video for this presentation is available on our Youtube channel:
https://youtube.com/allceuseducation A continuing education course for this presentation can be found at https://www.allceus.com/member/cart/index/index?c=
This powerpoint is part of AllCEU's Addiction Counselor Training Series. During this session we explore the characteristics of crisis, steps to take in an acute crisis and why some events trigger a crisis for some people, but not others.
Each week we provide 8 hours of face-to-face continuing education and precertification training to LPCs, LADCs, and those wishing to become addiction counselors. Many states allow precertification to be done via online learning as well. We are approved education providers by NAADAC #599 and NBCC #6261
Trauma, Terrorism, Catastrophes and Pastoral CareProf. Ced.docxturveycharlyn
Trauma,
Terrorism, Catastrophes and
Pastoral Care
Prof. Cedric Johnson
PC 408
Spring 2017
Trauma & Recovery
What is trauma?
What are some of the ways that you or people you know have experienced trauma?
What is (1) hyperarousal, (2) intrusion and (3) constriction.
What surprised you from the readings?
The systems that give people a sense of control, connection and meaning are overwhelmed.
The incident includes threats to life or bodily integrity, a close personal encounter with violence, or witnessing grotesque death.
The event engenders a feeling of intense fear, helplessness, loss of control, and threat of annihilation.
Trauma often occurs when…
So the healing process must address the reestablishment of control, connection and meaning!
3
Trauma & Recovery
When the force is of nature, we speak of disasters or catastrophes.
When the force is that of other human beings, we speak of atrocities or terrorism.
What is “overwhelming” about the experience of trauma?
4
Auto Accident
Assault
Being Robbed
Domestic Violence
Death of a Loved One
Witnessing Terror
Natural Disaster
Miscarriage
Infertility
Suicide
Bullying
Abandonment
Adoption
Divorce
Childbirth
Abortion
Wartime Experiences
Emotional, Physical or Sexual Abuse
Slavery, Apartheid or other forms of domination
Pastor dies, leaves or is dismissed
Potentially Traumatic Experiences
Trauma undermines the belief systems that give meaning to human experience.
Traumatized persons can lose trust in themselves, in other people, and in God.
The Traumatized Self
Traumatic Stress
PTSD references a “disorder” characterized by symptoms that imply a high level of daily dysfunction which emerges in the wake of a traumatic experience.
Countless untreated people have sub-clinical traumas that do not impinge severely upon their activities of daily living.
The ordinary response to danger entails a complex system of reactions.
Threat arouses the nervous system, causing the endangered person to go into a state of alert.
Concentration on the immediate threat, allows a person to disregard fatigue or pain.
Changes in arousal, attention, perception, and emotion mobilize the person for either “fightor flight.”
An Ordinary Response
If there is neither time nor strength for fight or flight and death appears imminent, the body will freeze.
The victim of trauma enters an altered state – time slows down, there is no fear or pain.
Fight, Flight or Freeze
Many trauma survivors feel guilt and shame for freezing and not doing more to protect themselves by fighting back or running away.
Understanding that freezing is an automatic response can facilitate the healing process.
Fight, Flight or Freeze
Trauma occurs when the human system for self-defense becomes overwhelmed and/or meaning-making structures become undermined.
Components of our “survival” system tend to persist in an exaggerated state long after the actual danger is over.
Traumatic events can thus produce lasting ...
Trauma And Post Traumatic Stress For 2009 National Conferenceguest8ff06f
Persons who have experience mind altering trauma have long term emotional and psychological effects of their experience. Learn how there is hope when a compassionate approach to the traumatized individual is used rather than the traditional approach of viewing the person as irreparably damaged. The human person has unlimited potential for healing if proper emotional support is provided and security and safety issues addressed. We discuss the symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and a pathway to recovery.
Changelings: Children and Psychic Trauma - Pediatric Travel Club - University...Université de Montréal
This presentation for a group of leading North American pediatricians presents the psychic effects of traumatic experiences during childhood and adolescence
HISTORICAL TRAUMA AMONG NATIVE AMERICANS
Presented by:
Dr. Tami De Coteau, PhD
Licensed Clinical Psychologist
DeCoteau Trauma-Informed Care & Practice, PLLC
www.decoteaupsychology.com
Present Day Trauma
Poverty, Violence, Suicide, Inadequate Education, Substance Abuse, Inadequate Health Care, etc.
Historical Trauma
Genocide
Indian Boarding Schools
Government Agencies
Centralized Authority, etc
Complex PTSD and Moral Injury - Lane Cook and Herb Piercy.pptxLaneCook2
Presented at the 25th annual Fall Psychiatric Symposium, Knoxville, TN - review of C-PTSD and Moral Injury, overlap. Reviews history, references, psychotherapy, medications. For therapists, psychiatrists and people working with veterans.
Introduce Trauma-Informed Design to Your Organization - CSUN ATC 2024Ted Drake
Historically, accessibility specialists focused on a narrow set of disabilities. We focused on the senses, such as sight, sound, and touch. We focused on abilities, like hearing, movement, and seeing.
We expanded to include cognitive, mental health, and neurodiversity. This is significant. We now have tools to build inclusive products and services for an estimated 25% of the population. What about the other 75%?
As accessibility professionals, we understand unique experiences and needs. We are best equipped to expand customer research and design at our companies. Universal design was described as a one size fits all solution. Inclusive design is one size fits one. Intersectional design is one size fits one, but also accounts for price, texture, availability, cultural appropriateness, and more.
This presentation introduces the next layer of inclusive design; one that recognizes trauma.
Trauma-Informed Design (TID) started in education, health, and community spaces. It focuses on the person’s experiences, recognizing trauma’s impact, anxiety, and restoring personal control. Architects embraced TID to develop spaces that are comfortable instead of confrontive.
While the earlier stages of TID focused on individualized experiences, we can still take the principles and apply them to web and mobile application design. This is especially critical for emerging AI powered experiences where transparency and collective understanding are rarely considered.
Madridge Journal of AIDS (ISSN: 2638-1958); This article reviewed literature and scholarly studies related to psychosocial traumatic events among women in Nigeria. It conceptualized and discussed trauma from universal and cultural perspectives and different types of trauma.
EPIC2023: Adding Friction to Mandatory Reporting_ The Case for Survivor-Cente...Sarah Fathallah
Presentation given at the 2023 Ethnographic Praxis in Industry Conference, on the topic of "Adding Friction to Mandatory Reporting: The Case for Survivor-Centered Research."
Mandatory reporting laws require the reporting to a designated government agency of a known or suspected case of abuse or neglect of children, elders, or other dependent adults. While these laws vary, researchers can be mandated to report suspected cases of abuse or neglect under a wide range of circumstances. This paper argues that a survivor-centered and trauma-informed research praxis calls for (1) actively challenging biased or uncritical reporting and the myth of a neutral researcher/mandated reporter, (2) working to minimize avoidable reporting, (3) moving from mandatory reporting to supporting, and (4) using harm reduction strategies to center survivors at all stages. Ultimately, a survivor-centered approach to mandatory reporting in research means valuing the consent and agency of those who will live with the life-altering consequences of researcher-made reports.
DotGov Design Conference 2021: Ceding Power in DesignSarah Fathallah
Presentation given at the DotGov 2021 conference, on the topic of "Ceding Power in Design."
Designers yield a lot of power in their role as they hold the key to methodology and solutions, which allows them to influence research and design outcomes—through ownership of the process, access to people and information, the ability to assign validity and value to findings and ideas, as well as authorship and praise. This talk introduces three critical moments that designers typically create and maintain asymmetrical power relations: (1) the relationship between designer and community; (2) the exchange and distribution of benefits of the design process; and (3) the framing of conclusions and outcomes. Drawing from critical feminist, Indigenous, anti-oppressive, and resistance-oriented research texts and using a case study that translated lessons from those texts into the design process, this talk will support attendees in building their capacity to recognize power differentials and, ultimately, cede power.
Advancing Research 2023: A Typology of Participation in Participatory ResearchSarah Fathallah
Presentation given at the Advancing Research 2023 conference, on the topic of "A Typology of Participation in Participatory Research."
This talk aims to unpack the notion of participation used in participatory design research, by proposing a framework through which different levels of participation can occur at different stages of the research process. Drawing examples of work in child welfare and foster care, this framework is ultimately an invitation to challenge the notion that participation is binary (i.e., either research is participatory or isn’t) or fixed (i.e., there is only one way participation can be done). Instead, participation is a negotiation that should take into account different factors (e.g., partners, resources, timeline), and could include a combination of different levels at different stages in any given research study.
Anarchist Studies Conference: Pro-Palestinian Anarchism, Far From an OxymoronSarah Fathallah
Little has been written about the relationship between anarchism and the struggle for Palestinian liberation, and whatever has been written indulges in discussing that relationship as an impasse, a dilemma, or an antithesis. Considering that simultaneously having a pro-Palestinian and an anarchist stance is oxymoronic is founded on three assumptions that merit challenge and further nuance: (1) anarchism values the abolition of the state above all else, which is a reductive and singular understanding of anarchisms and its ethical commitments; (2) anarchism as a political formulation is not compatible with anti-colonial struggle, which is confined in Eurocentric and Western traditions of anarchisms; and (3) Palestinian liberation can only be achieved through the formation of a nation state, which both reflects a narrow and neoliberal framing of the Palestinian struggle and its debates around nationalism and does not take into account Indigenous conceptualizations of sovereignty, citizenship, and/or nationhood that don’t revolve around the modern nation-state formation. This presentation argues that it is indeed possible to hold a pro-Palestinian anarchist political project, when that project is situated in a plural and solidaristic understanding of anarchism; a decolonial and Indigenous critique of anarchism; and a nuanced commitment to Palestinian resistance and liberation.
Allied Media Conference 2022: Unraveling the Links Between Design and PolicingSarah Fathallah
Digital tracking and profiling, personalizing users’ experience, monitoring their behavior, being “always on.” These are some of the practices that have become commonplace in the design of products and services. Framed in a positive light–promising to deliver user friendliness, speed, and convenience, these practices de facto reproduce policing logics, and serve a social control function. What are some of the common levers shared by policing and design to enforce social control, cultural hegemony, and normativity?
DSI Global Guest Lecture Series 2021: Critical Design AlternativesSarah Fathallah
Guest lecture at the School of Visual Art (SVA) Design for Social Innovation (DSI) Global Guest Lecture Series, on the topic of "Critical Design Alternatives."
The guest lecture tackles four of the key critiques of design (that it's traumatizing; it's extractive; it's neocolonial; and it's conservative), offers four resources for further study for each one, and ends with a call to action to build and amplify "critical design alternatives."
Community Engagement Forum 2020: Establishing Meaningful Relationships with C...Sarah Fathallah
Panel at AIA Seattle's 2020 Community Engagement Forum, on the topic of "Establishing Meaningful Relationships with Communities You Serve."
The forum discusses ways to build the knowledge, resources, and skillsets to form more authentic relationships and coalitions with community, and transform our profession from one that works for community to one that works with.
Advancing Research 2020: Lessening the Research Burden on Vulnerable CommunitiesSarah Fathallah
Presentation given at the Advancing Research 2020 conference, on the topic of "Lessening the Research Burden on Vulnerable Communities."
This talk covers specific approaches to employ when working with vulnerable populations, starting with a definition of vulnerability, then discussing how to ensure that researchers remain safe, respectful, fair, and culturally appropriate. This includes: choosing the right research methods for the participants, topic, and context at hand; recruiting and compensating research participants; ensuring research participants are aware of their rights and potential risks for participating in the research; conducting research in a trauma-informed way; managing participant data by ensuring collected information doesn’t put them at risk; communicating design research findings in a respectful manner.
Joint Futures 2019: Conducting Research with Vulnerable CommunitiesSarah Fathallah
Presentation given at the Joint Futures 2019 conference, on the topic of "Conducting Research with Vulnerable Communities."
This talk covers specific approaches and methods to employ when working with vulnerable populations, starting with a definition of vulnerability and discussing how to ensure that researchers and designers do no harm and remain respectful, fair, and culturally appropriate, specifically when:
- Planning for design research, including choosing the right research methods for the participants and topic at hand;
- Recruiting and compensating research participants;
- Obtaining informed consent and ensuring research participants are aware of their rights and potential risks for participating in the research;
- Managing participant data by ensuring their identifiable information is not traceable and doesn’t put them at risk.
UX Burlington 2017: Exploratory Research in UX DesignSarah Fathallah
Presentation given at the 2017 UX Burlington conference, on the topic of "Exploratory Research in UX Design."
Exploratory research focuses on gaining a deep understanding of the lives of the end users and the contexts in which they use certain products and services. At its core, it’s about challenging and exploring the problem space, before venturing into the solution space. Using real-life examples of digital tools that help people access affordable housing or register to vote, this talk will explore the different tools used for exploratory research, including ethnographic interviews, contextual inquiry, and co-creation activities and prompts. This talk will leave the audience with a better understanding of the types of insights that exploratory research generates, and how they can complement the findings of evaluative or comparative research.
Design Research 2018: The Power of Proverbial Expression in Design ResearchSarah Fathallah
Presentation given at the Design Research 2018 conference, on the topic of "The Power of Proverbial Expression in Design Research."
Like design research findings, interpreting proverbs is rather complex, but is best done in context. Drawing examples from Hausa, a language extremely rich in proverbial wisdom spoken in Western Africa, this talk illustrates and discusses how hard-to-translate idioms and expressions can be used as an opportunity to enrich our learnings as researchers and better convey what it is we do to the communities we work with.
DT:DC Workshop: Service Blueprinting for Improved User ExperienceSarah Fathallah
Whether it is buying a car, waiting for the cable installer, or dealing with flight changes at the airport, we've all been forced to interact with poorly designed services.
This workshop was conducted for the Design Thinking:DC in 2014, to explore service design and some of its tools. It uses the customer journey tool and built upon it using a service blueprint to think about how to implement the operational processes necessary to make the user experience more efficient and enjoyable.
BWxD 2012: Research in Design for DevelopmentSarah Fathallah
Presentation given at the 2012 Better World by Design conference, for a panel under the topic of "How do we design for others? Research in Design for Development."
This panel examines the role of user research in design for international development. How can designers work across different contexts and cultures and understand what will be effective solutions? How does a knowledge of people, place, and culture inform the design process? Bringing together panelists with a variety of experiences in international work, the panel will focus on the process behind international development projects and explore the role of designers in this context.
EasyPack: Redesigning the Humanitarian Data ToolkitSarah Fathallah
EasyPack is an intuitive and and easy to implement organizing solution to use Internews' Humanitarian Data Toolkit (HDT) and keep track of its components. Winner of Design Thinking DC's Summer of Design 2013.
MapSh: Open-defecation Free Mapping and Mobile Verification ToolSarah Fathallah
MapSh is a free mapping and mobile verification tool created during the global Sanitation Hackathon 2012 and winner of the New York City competition. While the government of India already collects data on gram panchayats (villages) in India that have achieved open-defecation free (ODF) status, this data is difficult to access and modify. MapSh liberates and visualizes this data as well as make it easy to access a crowdsourcing tool where everyday citizens can verify or dispute reports.
Dive into the innovative world of smart garages with our insightful presentation, "Exploring the Future of Smart Garages." This comprehensive guide covers the latest advancements in garage technology, including automated systems, smart security features, energy efficiency solutions, and seamless integration with smart home ecosystems. Learn how these technologies are transforming traditional garages into high-tech, efficient spaces that enhance convenience, safety, and sustainability.
Ideal for homeowners, tech enthusiasts, and industry professionals, this presentation provides valuable insights into the trends, benefits, and future developments in smart garage technology. Stay ahead of the curve with our expert analysis and practical tips on implementing smart garage solutions.
White wonder, Work developed by Eva TschoppMansi Shah
White Wonder by Eva Tschopp
A tale about our culture around the use of fertilizers and pesticides visiting small farms around Ahmedabad in Matar and Shilaj.
Book Formatting: Quality Control Checks for DesignersConfidence Ago
This presentation was made to help designers who work in publishing houses or format books for printing ensure quality.
Quality control is vital to every industry. This is why every department in a company need create a method they use in ensuring quality. This, perhaps, will not only improve the quality of products and bring errors to the barest minimum, but take it to a near perfect finish.
It is beyond a moot point that a good book will somewhat be judged by its cover, but the content of the book remains king. No matter how beautiful the cover, if the quality of writing or presentation is off, that will be a reason for readers not to come back to the book or recommend it.
So, this presentation points designers to some important things that may be missed by an editor that they could eventually discover and call the attention of the editor.
Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...Mansi Shah
This study examines cattle rearing in urban and rural settings, focusing on milk production and consumption. By exploring a case in Ahmedabad, it highlights the challenges and processes in dairy farming across different environments, emphasising the need for sustainable practices and the essential role of milk in daily consumption.
Can AI do good? at 'offtheCanvas' India HCI preludeAlan Dix
Invited talk at 'offtheCanvas' IndiaHCI prelude, 29th June 2024.
https://www.alandix.com/academic/talks/offtheCanvas-IndiaHCI2024/
The world is being changed fundamentally by AI and we are constantly faced with newspaper headlines about its harmful effects. However, there is also the potential to both ameliorate theses harms and use the new abilities of AI to transform society for the good. Can you make the difference?
Expert Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU) Drafting ServicesResDraft
Whether you’re looking to create a guest house, a rental unit, or a private retreat, our experienced team will design a space that complements your existing home and maximizes your investment. We provide personalized, comprehensive expert accessory dwelling unit (ADU)drafting solutions tailored to your needs, ensuring a seamless process from concept to completion.
3. 33
“Trauma is a spontaneous protective mechanism used
by the body to stop or thwart further (or future)
damage. Trauma is not a flaw or a weakness.
It is a highly effective tool of safety and survival.”
- Resmaa Menakem, LICSW, SEP
4. 44
“Trauma is what happens inside of you as a result of a
traumatic event. It is a loss of connection to oneself
and to the present moment. In my work, trauma is just
always there in the background.”
- Dr. Gabor Maté
6. 6
One definition
6
According to the DSM*, trauma is defined as...
“exposure to death or threatened death, serious injury or threatened
injury, or sexual violence or threatened sexual violence by either:
(a) direct exposure,
(b) witnessing (in person),
(c) indirectly, by learning that a close relative or friend was exposed to
trauma (if the trauma was death, it must have been violent or
accidental),
(d) repeated or extreme indirect exposure to aversive details of the
event, usually in the course of professional duties.”
*Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
7. 77
According to SAMHSA*, individual trauma is defined as...
“resulting from an event, series of events, or set of circumstances that is
experienced by an individual as:
1) physically or emotionally harmful or life threatening and
2) has lasting adverse effects on the individual’s functioning and
mental, physical, social, emotional, and/or spiritual well-being.”
*Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration, branch of the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
Another definition
8. 88
Acute trauma
single incident
Chronic trauma
repeated and prolonged
Complex trauma
varied and multiple traumatic events
Relational trauma
consistent disruption of a child’s sense of being safe and loved within a family system
Collective trauma
affects social groups long subjected to interpersonal violence, structural violence, and historical harms
Racialized trauma
effects of racism on one’s mental & physical health
And several other forms and related terms:
developmental trauma, secondary/vicarious trauma, traumatic stress, grief, PTSD, Complex-PTSD, re-traumatization, etc.
Additional types of trauma
9. 99
“There are pitfalls in the singular application of
Western categories in diagnostic psychiatric disorders.”
- Maurice Eisenbruch, clinical psychiatrist in Australia
10. 10
Historical trauma
10
Also known as intergenerational trauma, and defined as...
The cumulative emotional and psychological wounding over the lifespan
and across generations, emanating from massive group trauma.
Observed among Lakota and other Native populations, Jewish Holocaust
survivors and descendants, African American slave descendants,
descendants of Mexican and Latin American immigrants, and Japanese
American internment camp survivors and descendants.
Maria Yellow Horse Brave Heart’s definition of Historical Trauma.
11. 11
White supremacy as trauma
11
Our bodies have a form of knowledge that is different from our cognitive brains.
This knowledge is typically experienced as a felt sense of constriction or
expansion, pain or ease, energy or numbness. Often this knowledge is stored in
our bodies as wordless stories about what is safe and what is dangerous.
White supremacy–and all the claims, accusations, excuses, and dodges around it–
are a trauma response:
This response lives not inside psyches, but deeply within bodies. The attitudes, convictions, and
beliefs of white-body supremacy are reflexive cognitive side effects, like the belief that a
claustrophobe that the walls are closing in. These ideas have been reinforced through
institutions as practices, procedures, and standards.
Resmaa Menakem explaining white supremacy as a trauma response and the trauma of white-body supremacy.
12. 1212
“Trauma decontextualized in a person looks like
personality. Trauma decontextualized in a family looks
like family traits. Trauma in a people looks like culture.”
- Resmaa Menakem, LICSW, SEP
14. 1414
Trauma fundamentally alters how the brain processes what’s going on.
Memory is encoded as intense sensory fragments, which then form the
basis of subsequent flashbacks. This also means trouble remembering
the experience as a sequential, fully contextualized experience.
“When you ask somebody who’s been traumatized to recall and
communicate their trauma, they have very accurate information if you ask
them about those sensory fragments. But if questions are about sequencing
and context, you run the risk of getting information that may be inaccurate.”
David Lisak, Neurobiology of Trauma.
Trauma and the nervous system
15. 1515
Trauma and the nervous system
After a traumatic event, one’s central nervous system reacts poorly to
subsequent experiences of stress, especially when being triggered.
Survivors either have:
• Intensified anxiety in reaction to stress (including acts of aggression
against the self or others), or
• Social and emotional withdrawal.
Survivors are often unable to modulate their affect.
Rick Nizzardini, “Exploring Trauma Histories in the Clinical Setting” lecture.
16. 1616
Common triggers
• Unpredictability
• Sudden changes or transitions
• Sensory overload
• Feeling vulnerable
• Rejection
• Loneliness or isolation
• Confrontation
• Loss of control
• Feeling disrespected
• Intimacy
• Praise or positive attention
Stephanie (Witt) Guinosso, ETR internal presentation.
18. 1818
Safety in the self
Safety in the environment
Safety in the clinical frame
Rick Nizzardini, “Overview of Trauma-Informed Assessment and Intervention” course.
19. 1919
Safety in the self
Safety in the environment
Safety in the clinical frame
Safety in the facilitation relationship
33. 33
Trauma-informed systems
33
1. Understanding trauma and stress
2. Safety and stability
3. Cultural humility and equity
4. Compassion and dependability
5. Collaboration and empowerment
6. Resilience and recovery
San Francisco Department of Public Health’s Trauma Informed Systems (TIS).
34. 34
Trauma-informed systems
34
1. Understanding trauma and stress
2. Safety and stability
3. Cultural humility and equity
4. Compassion and dependability
5. Collaboration and empowerment
6. Resilience and recovery
San Francisco Department of Public Health’s Trauma Informed Systems (TIS).