The document discusses the Translating Research into Action (TRAction) Project, which addresses gaps between maternal and child health research and implementation. TRAction has focused on generating evidence around respectful maternity care and approaches to reduce disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth. Studies in Kenya, Tanzania, and Guatemala found various forms of disrespect and abuse commonly reported by women, including non-consented care, abandonment, and discrimination. TRAction is now testing promising approaches to promote respectful care and contributing to global efforts to measure and address this issue. However, more evidence is still needed on effective implementation strategies given widespread experiences of disrespect and abuse.
RMC is an approach centered on the individual, based on principles of ethics and respect for human rights, and promotes practices that recognize women’s preferences and women’s and newborns’ needs.
Respectful Maternity Care: Ensuring the Universal Rights of Childbearing Wome...iConferences
Prepared by Castillo, T., Women and Children’s Program, HealthRight International, USA for International Conference on Public Health and Well-being 2019, 4-5 April, Negombo, Sri Lanka
The term midwife reflects a philosophy of care that is directed toward women and their individual reproductive needs. A midwife usually offers a variety of options and seeks to eliminate or minimize unnecessary interventions. This philosophy is represented by the Midwives Model of Care.The Midwives Model of Care is based on the belief that pregnancy and birth are normal life processes. (American Pregnancy Association)
RMC is an approach centered on the individual, based on principles of ethics and respect for human rights, and promotes practices that recognize women’s preferences and women’s and newborns’ needs.
Respectful Maternity Care: Ensuring the Universal Rights of Childbearing Wome...iConferences
Prepared by Castillo, T., Women and Children’s Program, HealthRight International, USA for International Conference on Public Health and Well-being 2019, 4-5 April, Negombo, Sri Lanka
The term midwife reflects a philosophy of care that is directed toward women and their individual reproductive needs. A midwife usually offers a variety of options and seeks to eliminate or minimize unnecessary interventions. This philosophy is represented by the Midwives Model of Care.The Midwives Model of Care is based on the belief that pregnancy and birth are normal life processes. (American Pregnancy Association)
What a Midwifery Model of Care could look like ... a Strengthened PartnershipCommon Knowledge Trust
New Zealand put in place a Midwifery Model of Care in 1990. Everything birth and midwifery advocates wanted has been the maternity system in New Zealand. What was hoped for: more natural births (or physiological births), more choice, informed consent, respect for pregnant women, continuity of care, a partnership model with primary care midwives, primary care midwives who continue care when secondary care is necessary ... great system. What could possible not work out? Simple ... the partnership model is weak and ineffective. The result ... a rise from 12.9% to 30% of caesareans since, more complaints against midwives and the unexpected ... women 'choosing' elective cesarean births and epidurals for pain relief.
We can have a strong partnership in maternity care only if we grow a skilled birthing population. It's a wonderful idea to believe a woman should choose what she wants at her birth. It's a great idea to know what a woman wants from her birth provider. However, there is absolutely NO societal expectation that families bring a good set of skills to their birth. Why is this important?
Birth choices are not always available. Choices often change. Choices have to be for 'saying no' to medical care and 'saying yes' to more medical care than necessary. Choices are varied and many so which ones are really important to a woman?
It's great if women are informed and respected. Sometimes a woman is being respected but doesn't appreciate it. Some women are informed, make decisions that they regret months later. Very, very few women have the birth they 'want' or 'plan' but instead have the birth they have.
We use terms like 'having a baby' or 'giving birth'. Instead we need to say 'you are going to 'do' your birth'. Doing your birth occurs over time. Skills are what you use to fill your time of doing your birth. Skills are what you do to cope with both the internal and external sensations or situation.
Andrea talks about how she strengthened her partnership with her general population clients. Clients know they will create a Birth Plan about what they 'want' and what they 'expect' of her as a birth provider. Clients are expected to learn birth and coaching skills and use them.
Respectful maternity care (RMC) is a universal human right that is due to every childbearing woman in every health system. Women’s experiences with maternity caregivers can empower and comfort them, or inflict lasting damage and emotional trauma. While many interventions aim to improve access to skilled birth care, the quality of relationships with caregivers during maternity care has received less attention. Evidence suggests that in countries with high maternal mortality, the fear of disrespect and abuse that women often encounter in facility-based maternity care is a more powerful deterrent to use of skilled care than commonly recognized barriers such as cost or distance. WRA launched a global campaign to promote a clear standard for RMC that is rooted in international human rights. Working with other global organizations, WRA produced a ground breaking consensus document, the Respectful Maternity Care Charter: the Universal Rights of Childbearing Women,
The Paperless partograph – The new user-friendly and simpler tool for monitor...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
LAW: THE SUM TOTAL OF RULES AND REGULATIONS BY WHICH THE SOCIETY IS GOVERNED
ETHICS: Ethics is the systematic study of What a persons conduct ought to be with regard to him or herself, other human beings and the environment, it is the justification of what is right or good and the study of what a person’s life and relationship ought to be, not necessarily what they are.
Epidemiological aspects of maternal and child healthnew 3Sinmayee Kumari
"maternal and child health refers to the promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative health care for mothers and children"
this topic is very essential for all the health care personnel
Impacts of Cash Transfers on Adolescents' & Young Women's Well-Being Globally...The Transfer Project
Tia Palermo's presentation for the joint UNICEF & Gates Foundation Tanzania Adolescent Symposium in Dar es Salaam on 7 February 2018.
Using evidence from around the world, Tia outlines what we know about cash transfers impacts on youth and young women's well-being.
What a Midwifery Model of Care could look like ... a Strengthened PartnershipCommon Knowledge Trust
New Zealand put in place a Midwifery Model of Care in 1990. Everything birth and midwifery advocates wanted has been the maternity system in New Zealand. What was hoped for: more natural births (or physiological births), more choice, informed consent, respect for pregnant women, continuity of care, a partnership model with primary care midwives, primary care midwives who continue care when secondary care is necessary ... great system. What could possible not work out? Simple ... the partnership model is weak and ineffective. The result ... a rise from 12.9% to 30% of caesareans since, more complaints against midwives and the unexpected ... women 'choosing' elective cesarean births and epidurals for pain relief.
We can have a strong partnership in maternity care only if we grow a skilled birthing population. It's a wonderful idea to believe a woman should choose what she wants at her birth. It's a great idea to know what a woman wants from her birth provider. However, there is absolutely NO societal expectation that families bring a good set of skills to their birth. Why is this important?
Birth choices are not always available. Choices often change. Choices have to be for 'saying no' to medical care and 'saying yes' to more medical care than necessary. Choices are varied and many so which ones are really important to a woman?
It's great if women are informed and respected. Sometimes a woman is being respected but doesn't appreciate it. Some women are informed, make decisions that they regret months later. Very, very few women have the birth they 'want' or 'plan' but instead have the birth they have.
We use terms like 'having a baby' or 'giving birth'. Instead we need to say 'you are going to 'do' your birth'. Doing your birth occurs over time. Skills are what you use to fill your time of doing your birth. Skills are what you do to cope with both the internal and external sensations or situation.
Andrea talks about how she strengthened her partnership with her general population clients. Clients know they will create a Birth Plan about what they 'want' and what they 'expect' of her as a birth provider. Clients are expected to learn birth and coaching skills and use them.
Respectful maternity care (RMC) is a universal human right that is due to every childbearing woman in every health system. Women’s experiences with maternity caregivers can empower and comfort them, or inflict lasting damage and emotional trauma. While many interventions aim to improve access to skilled birth care, the quality of relationships with caregivers during maternity care has received less attention. Evidence suggests that in countries with high maternal mortality, the fear of disrespect and abuse that women often encounter in facility-based maternity care is a more powerful deterrent to use of skilled care than commonly recognized barriers such as cost or distance. WRA launched a global campaign to promote a clear standard for RMC that is rooted in international human rights. Working with other global organizations, WRA produced a ground breaking consensus document, the Respectful Maternity Care Charter: the Universal Rights of Childbearing Women,
The Paperless partograph – The new user-friendly and simpler tool for monitor...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
LAW: THE SUM TOTAL OF RULES AND REGULATIONS BY WHICH THE SOCIETY IS GOVERNED
ETHICS: Ethics is the systematic study of What a persons conduct ought to be with regard to him or herself, other human beings and the environment, it is the justification of what is right or good and the study of what a person’s life and relationship ought to be, not necessarily what they are.
Epidemiological aspects of maternal and child healthnew 3Sinmayee Kumari
"maternal and child health refers to the promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative health care for mothers and children"
this topic is very essential for all the health care personnel
Impacts of Cash Transfers on Adolescents' & Young Women's Well-Being Globally...The Transfer Project
Tia Palermo's presentation for the joint UNICEF & Gates Foundation Tanzania Adolescent Symposium in Dar es Salaam on 7 February 2018.
Using evidence from around the world, Tia outlines what we know about cash transfers impacts on youth and young women's well-being.
Participatory Community Health DevelopmentSteven Reames
Dr. Julius Kavuludi, in country director of MAP interiational, delivers this message at the Faith Hope and Charity Dinner of Genesis World Mission in Garden City Idaho, March 6, 2011.
Low-Bandwidth Collaboration for Health Workers and Their Communities - Patric...Forum One
Patricia Abbott, Secretariat for the Global Alliance for Nursing and Midwifery and John Hopkins University School of Nursing, discusses her success in using the Internet to connect communities of nurses, midwives and other folks in the developing countries with other health professionals around the world. Abbott spoke at Forum One Communication's Web Executive Seminar on November 13, 2007. Learn more at:
http://www.forumone.com/content/calendar/detail/2397. Contact: Suzanne Rainey / srainey@ForumOne.com .
Choice for women: have your say on a new plan to tackle reproductive, materna...DFID
More than a third of a million women die every year from complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Improving reproductive, maternal and newborn health in the developing world is a major priority for the UK Government. DFID is therefore developing a new business plan.
To inform the plan we are holding a 12 week consultation, which will close on 20 October 2010. We want to hear what people in the UK and around the world have to say on the subject of reproductive, maternal and newborn health. This will help us to understand different viewpoints, how these issues might vary in different countries, and how DFID could work better with partners.
If you want to discuss the consultation with colleagues, partners or users of services, we have created this presentation document to help you stimulate discussion. Once you have gathered responses submit your feedback online or use our template response document and email your comments.
To find out more visit http://www.dfid.gov.uk/choiceforwomen
Models for Training/Maintaining the Global Health Workforce: Ann KurthUWGlobalHealth
This session will focus on different model programs incorporating novel techniques to optimize training of health workers. Discussion will include the realities of “brain drain,” health worker migration, and maintaining a vibrant health workforce.
Child Sexual Exploitation of Children, CSEC Advocacy ProjectAlexandra Rupp
We define sexual exploitation as rape, abuse, and violence against children, in which 1.6 million youth did NOT “choose “ to be a victim. Alameda County has the 2nd largest population of Commercially Sexually Exploited Children and youth where every two minutes a child is being groomed for sexual exploitation (PCWTA). These numbers represent the amount of CSEC victims we serve, typically without knowing. The traumatic and adverse experiences commonly occurring in our communities, put our children at higher risk for being coerced, manipulated, and forced into sexual exploitation and human trafficking. A trafficker knows what to look for—and so should we. To protect our children, we must increase our awareness and understanding of CSEC in order to effectively prevent, respond, and restore. CSEC is on the rise and while it’s happening all around us, most of us don’t see it. Help us make child sex trafficking and commercial sexual exploitation visible, so we can end it. Because every child is too valuable to be bought and sold!
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
Telehealth Psychology Building Trust with Clients.pptxThe Harvest Clinic
Telehealth psychology is a digital approach that offers psychological services and mental health care to clients remotely, using technologies like video conferencing, phone calls, text messaging, and mobile apps for communication.
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
One of the most developed cities of India, the city of Chennai is the capital of Tamilnadu and many people from different parts of India come here to earn their bread and butter. Being a metropolitan, the city is filled with towering building and beaches but the sad part as with almost every Indian city
QA Paediatric dentistry department, Hospital Melaka 2020Azreen Aj
QA study - To improve the 6th monthly recall rate post-comprehensive dental treatment under general anaesthesia in paediatric dentistry department, Hospital Melaka
CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary gene-editing tool, holds immense potential to reshape medicine, agriculture, and our understanding of life. But like any powerful tool, it comes with ethical considerations.
Unveiling CRISPR: This naturally occurring bacterial defense system (crRNA & Cas9 protein) fights viruses. Scientists repurposed it for precise gene editing (correction, deletion, insertion) by targeting specific DNA sequences.
The Promise: CRISPR offers exciting possibilities:
Gene Therapy: Correcting genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis.
Agriculture: Engineering crops resistant to pests and harsh environments.
Research: Studying gene function to unlock new knowledge.
The Peril: Ethical concerns demand attention:
Off-target Effects: Unintended DNA edits can have unforeseen consequences.
Eugenics: Misusing CRISPR for designer babies raises social and ethical questions.
Equity: High costs could limit access to this potentially life-saving technology.
The Path Forward: Responsible development is crucial:
International Collaboration: Clear guidelines are needed for research and human trials.
Public Education: Open discussions ensure informed decisions about CRISPR.
Prioritize Safety and Ethics: Safety and ethical principles must be paramount.
CRISPR offers a powerful tool for a better future, but responsible development and addressing ethical concerns are essential. By prioritizing safety, fostering open dialogue, and ensuring equitable access, we can harness CRISPR's power for the benefit of all. (2998 characters)
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
2. WHAT IS TRACTION?
Translating Research into Action (TRAction) Project is funded by the U.S. Agency for
International Development (USAID) and is based at University Research Co. LLC.
Through implementation research, the TRAction Project addresses “know-do” gaps
largely in the area of MNCH.
Our work generates evidence and facilitates conversations around:
How do we assess the implementation of interventions (implementation research)?
How can we improve intervention implementation? What works/doesn’t & why?
How can we share this information across settings?
How can we Influence policy and practice?
3. RESPECTFUL MATERNITY CARE (RMC):
HOW DID THIS WORK BEGIN?
This work started
out with this
question:
How do we
increase uptake
of skilled, facility-
based childbirth
care?
What are
women’s
experiences?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Low Income Middle Income High Income
Skilled Birth Attendant Coverage
Countries Categorized by Income
(WHO 2012)
% SBA Coverage
4. EVIDENCE ON DISRESPECT & ABUSE IN
MATERNAL CARE
A landscape analysis report was
commission by TRAction and the
Harvard School of Public Health
Reviewed the evidence around
disrespect and abuse (D&A) in
facility-based childbirth
5. CATEGORIES OF DISRESPECT AND ABUSE
• Physical Abuse
• Non-Dignified Care
• Non-Consented Care
• Non-Confidential Care
• Discrimination
• Abandonment or
Withholding of Care
• Detention in Facilities
-Bower and Hill (2010)
6. ELIMINATION OF DISRESPECT & ABUSE AND
PROMOTION OF RESPECTFUL CARE
TRAction’s focus is on generating evidence to improve
measurement of D&A, test approaches to promote RMC and
contribute to policy and advocacy:
Population Council: Implementation Research on Tackling Disrespect and
Abuse in Facility-based Childbirth in Kenya (Heshima Project)
AMDD, Columbia University: Research on Tackling Disrespect and Abuse in
Facility-based childbirth in Tanzania (The Staha Project)
Implementation assessment of care-seeking for childbirth services in Ixil,
Guatemala (TRAction Guatemala)
7. HOW PREVALENT IS THE PROBLEM
OF DISRESPECT AND ABUSE
RELATED TO MATERNITY CARE?
Measuring the problem
8. AMDD, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY: THE STAHA PROJECT (TANZANIA)
0.2%
3.4%
5.1%
6.2%
15.5%
18.9%
28.2%
0.2%
1.9%
2.9%
5.2%
8.5%
12.9%
19.5%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Non-consented
Demands for payment
Physical abuse
Non-confidential
Abandoned
Non-dignified
Any D&A
Facility Exit (n=1,761) Community Follow-up (n=592)
10. TRACTION GUATEMALA (IXIL, GUATEMALA)
Perception/ experiences of D&A Facility Birth
n=136
Abandonment 13%
Non-dignified care 4%
Single item disrespect and abuse 7%
Which women had a higher probability of reporting
disrespect and abuse?
indigenous, poor, high parity, illiterate/no education
13% of women who did NOT give birth in a health facility think women in
health facilities are abandoned/neglected when giving birth there…
11. Non-dignified Care
Scolding, yelling, use of angry/mean tone, making fun of patients/humiliation,
threats
Lack of Privacy/ Confidentiality
Forced to undress in front of others, lack of space/privacy, lack of
confidentiality/discretion, perception that providers unnecessarily view women’s
intimate parts
Abandonment/ Neglect
Neglected when needed help (gave birth alone), providers attend to needs when
they “feel like it,” women are left alone in rooms
Discrimination
Discriminated against for having many children, for being poor, for arriving at
facilities without bathing/smelling bad, for not understanding (language), for being
from certain municipalities; providers discriminate against comadronas
TRAction Guatemala (Ixil, Guatemala): Qualitative Findings
12. Unfair requests for payment
Families required to buy the following: brand new baby clothes (even
if they brought clothes from home), disposable diapers, food (when
not provided)
Physical abuse
Perceptions that women are hit, rumors of rape in another district,
pushing/being rough with women and companions
Non-consented care
Laying patients down without asking for permission, taking off clothing
without asking permission, administering blood transfusion without
communicating the costs up front
TRAction Guatemala (Ixil, Guatemala): Qualitative Findings
16. NEED FOR EVIDENCE AROUND IMPLEMENTATION
We are not sure what works—only have
“promising approaches” to date; need
to avoid “doing harm”
Pushing for evidence, generation, and
sharing of lessons learned dialogue
(WRA Sub-committee on evidence-
informed approaches to RMC)
Can learn from humanization, obstetric
violence movements, Mother Baby
Friendly Hospital Initiative Stand-alone? Integrated
approaches?
20. GROWING BODY OF KNOWLEDGE
In general, the
literature is
expanding
rapidly…
Sources of
information:
TRAction website
(RMC)
White Ribbon
Alliance
Maternal Health
Task Force
World Health
Organization
22. WHY THIS SHOULD BE MORE THAN A
TREND
By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70
per 100,000 live births
By 2030, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5
years of age, with all countries aiming to reduce neonatal mortality to at
least as low as 12 per 1,000 live births and under-5 mortality to at least
as low as 25 per 1,000 live births
Despite overall declines in maternal mortality in the majority
of developing countries, women in rural areas are still up to
three times more likely to die while giving birth than women
living in urban centres
The need for family planning is slowly being met for more
women, but demand is increasing at a rapid pace
23. WHY THIS SHOULD BE MORE THAN A
TREND
1. Universal right to healthcare—and more specifically healthcare services that
are available , accessible, acceptable, and of high quality.*
*The General Comment No. 14 (2000) put forth by the United Nations committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights declared the
2. Disrespect & abuse can damage the continuum of care: ANC, PNC…
3. For users of care: disrespect & abuse can lead to poorer compliance with
treatment, worse health outcomes…other negative externalities??
4. For non-users of care: perceptions of disrespect & abuse and unacceptable
service provision keeps them away, reinforces mistrust in the health system
Because what is happening to women and families is unconscionable
and we cannot allow it to continue. All care should be respectful.