3. ‘Resins are solid or semisolid amorphous products obtained or
derived from natural sources and most are plant products with
exception of shellac which is an insect secretion.’
o Resins are present in ducts or cavities known as
schizolysigenous ducts.
Pathological Resins Physiological Resins
These resins are formed as
result of injury , wound ,
incision or abnormal
circumstances . (e.g)
Benzoin, balsams
These are formed as normal
product of metabolism
without making any injury to
plant. (e.g) resin of pinus
4. Re
:-
Resins are amorphous, brittle, hard solids.
On heating , resins soften and finally melt.
Insoluble in water but dissolve more or less completely
in alcohol, chloroform and ether.
Chemically they are complex mixture of resin acids,
alcohols, phenols, esters and some inert compounds
resenes.
6. Resins are present in different secretory zones or
structures.
Resin cells (e.g) Ginger
Schizolysigenous ducts (e.g) pine wood
Glandular hairs (e.g) cannabis
7. Common Name Hing, Devils dung
B.Name Ferula Asafoetida
Family Apiaceae
Part used roots and rhizomes
Chemical cons. Volatile oil(4-20 %) Resins(40-60%)
Asafoetidin, camphene, limonene, borneol,
iso-butyl propanyl disulphide, Phellandrine
8. Perennial herb about 3m height
leaves are pubescent , oblong
thick tap roots
Yellow flowers (hermaphrodite).
Garlic like odour, acrid taste.
resins are irregular lumps, greyish
white or yellow in colour
9. Antispasmodic , carminatinve, laxative.
Used for the treatment of intestinal
flatulence, Astma, Whooping Cough and
bronchitis.
10. Synonyms: Indian balsam, China or
Black balsam
B.Name: Myroxylon balsamum
Family: Papilionaceae
Part used: stem and bark
Chemical const. Benzyl cinnamate, benzyl benzoate,
vanillin and cinnamic acid is also present.
11. Perennial tree about 30 m tall and 1 m in diameter.
Leaves are alternate or irregular, petiolate and lanceolate.
Bark is smooth, greyish brown.
Fruit is a legume, oblong.
Fresh peru balsam resins are soft, yellow semisolid. On
storage it becomes dark brown brittle solid.
Agreeable balsmic taste and odour
12. Used as scabicides.
Used in treatment of ulcer therapy.
Used as rubefacient.
As an antiseptic.
As expectorant.
Also used in perfumery and some chocolate
flavouring.
13. Synonyms: Indian hemp,bhang
B.Name: Cannabis sativa
Family: Cannabinaceae
Part used: Dried flowering tops
Chemical const. 15-20% resins, cannabidiol,
cannabinol,Tetrahydrocannabinol
14. Annual Herb
True leaves with serrated laeflets
Stem is angular and pubescent(covered in small hair like
structures).
Resin obtained is flattened,rough green masses with
marked odour and bitter taste.
15. Used as sedative, analgesic, stomachic.
Antispasmodic
Antianxiety, anticonvulsant.
Anti tussive.
Note:- Causes psychic dependence as norcotics.
16. Synonyms: Arabian or somali myrrh
B.Name: Commiphora molmol
Family: Burseraceae
Part used: stem
Chemical const. 25-40% resins, volatile oil(5-15%), a-
pinene, cadinene, limonene, cuminaldehyde, eugenol, m-
cresol,acetic acid, formic acid
17. Small tree of about 10 m height.
leaves are toothed and having oval leaflets.
Flowers are reddish or yellow in color.
Aromatic odour and bitter taste.
18. As carminative
As local stimulant.
As antiseptic utilized in tooth pastes and mouth washes,
To decrease LDL cholesterol.
19. Synonyms: American mendrake, may-apple root
B.Name: Podophyllum peltatum
Family Berberidaceae
Part used: roots and rhizome
Chemical Const. 2-8% resins, podophyllotoxin, Alpha-peltatin,
tetrahydropodophyllotoxin, liganan
derivatives
20. Perennial herb 1-2.5 feet height.
leaves are pelatate, giving umberella like appearance.
light yellow flowers.
Characteristic odour and bitter taste, reddish brown in
colour.
21. Podophyllum resin posses cytotoxic activity and they are
used in lung cancer, leukemia, testicular infection and
cancer chemotherapy.
Also used as purgative.
Used as topically for the removal of warts.
22. Synonyms: Turpentine gum
B.Name: Pinus palustris
Family: pinaceae
Part used: bark
Chemical const. Volatile oil and resins, monoturpenes, alpha
pinene,camphene, turpenolene.
pinene
camphene
23. Used as counter irritant.
To relieve muscle and joint pain turpentine oil is
used.
Also used in lung problems (e.g) to reduce the
chest congestion.
As falvouring agent.