Introduction to research designs and Approaches difference between design and approach types of research approach-Qualitative, Quantitative, Mixed classification of research -designs based approaches elements of research design factors need to be considered while selecting a research design

1. Research Approach & Research
Design
Dr. Kavitha K, BLDEA’s Shri B.M.Patil Institute of nursing sciences, Vijayapur

2. Objectives
• Define research design
• Differentiate research approach and design
• List the purposes of research design
• Mention the key elements of research design
• Analyze the factors determining selection of
research design
Dr. Kavitha K, BLDEA’s Shri B.M.Patil Institute of nursing sciences, Vijayapur

3. Research design
Research design is:
• A plan that describes how, when, and where
data are to be collected and analyzed
(Parahoo, 1997).
• “The research design is the master plan
specifying the methods and procedures for
collecting and analyzing the needed
information in a research study”.
Dr. Kavitha K, BLDEA’s Shri B.M.Patil Institute of nursing sciences, Vijayapur

4. Research approach Vs Research Design
Research Approach
• General framework
guiding the research
study
• Includes broad
assumptions, methods of
data collection, analysis,
& interpretation
• Depends upon the nature
of problem being
investigated
Research Design
• Blue print or master plan
specifying the methods &
procedures for
conducting a research
study
• Involves description of
research setting, sample
size, sampling technique,
tools, and methods of
data collection & analysis
to answer research
questions or test
hypothesis
Dr. Kavitha K, BLDEA’s Shri B.M.Patil Institute of nursing sciences, Vijayapur

5. Research approaches
Prof. Kavitha K, BLDEA’s Shri B.M.Patil Institute of nursing sciences, Vijayapur

6. Research approaches
Prof. Kavitha K, BLDEA’s Shri B.M.Patil Institute of nursing sciences, Vijayapur

7. Purposes of a research design
• Allows smooth function of research process
• Guides researcher in planning and
implementing the study in a way to answering
the research questions
• Helps to arrange the ideas in a systematic way
so as to get a glimpse of flaws and
inadequacies
• Specify the control mechanisms that will be
used in the study.
Dr. Kavitha K, BLDEA’s Shri B.M.Patil Institute of nursing sciences, Vijayapur

8. Key elements of research design
Key
elements
Research
problem
Approaches
& methods
Data
collection
methods Method of
data
analysis
Time and
cost budget
Dr. Kavitha K, BLDEA’s Shri B.M.Patil Institute of nursing sciences, Vijayapur

9. Factors influencing selection of research design
Current
knowledge of
the problem
Knowledge &
experience of
the
researcher
Availability of
time &
resources
Availability of
participants
Control on
extraneous
variables
Ethical
consideration
Dr. Kavitha K, BLDEA’s Shri B.M.Patil Institute of nursing sciences, Vijayapur

10. Development of research design-
Questions need to be asked
• 1. What is the primary purpose of the study to
describe
• variables and group in the study, to study
• relationship, or to study causality within the study
• situation?
• 2. Will a treatment / intervention be used in the
study?
• 3. If intervention is used, it will be controlled by
• researcher?
• 4. Is there is a pre-test before treatment?

11. • 5. Will the sample be randomly selected?
• 6. Will the sample be studied as a single group
or
• divided into groups?
• 7. How many groups will there be?
• 8. What will be the size of each group?
• 9. Will there be a control group?
• 10.Will group be randomly assigned ?
• 11.Will there be repeated measures of
variables?

12. • 12. Will the data be collected cross-sectionally or over
• time?
• 13. Have extraneous variables been identified?
• 14. Are data being collected on extraneous variables?
• 15. What strategies are being used to control for
• extraneous variables?
• 16. What strategies are being used for comparison of
• variables or groups?
• 17. Will data be collected at single site or at multiple
• sites?

13. To summarize…….
• Research design is a _________for conducting
the research project
• ________Includes broad assumptions, methods
of data collection, analysis, & interpretation
• Elements of research design are ___, ______,
____, _______ and ____
• Any 3 factors in determining research design of
your study __, _ and _
Dr. Kavitha K, BLDEA’s Shri B.M.Patil Institute of nursing sciences, Vijayapur