The Spanish Inquisition began in 1492 when Jews were expelled from Spain if they did not convert to Christianity. Many Jews fled to Portugal to escape religious persecution. Portugal followed Spain's lead in 1497 by also expelling Jews or forcing them to convert. In 1536, the Portuguese Inquisition was established to enforce religious purity. Between 1540-1790, many people were burned for their faith. It was not until 1821 that the Portuguese Inquisition was abolished. Today, 84% of Portugal's population identifies as Roman Catholic and the Catholic Church still receives special privileges, showing the lasting impact of the Inquisition.