it is a seminar ppt prepared by me..it tries to touch some of the basic learned information from the fieldwork done in 1st Quater of 2013.

1. RED TO GREEN: DEVELOPMENT YET TO START
Roll no
: 91/ANT/121007,
91/ANT/121010,
91/ANT/121023
Examination : M.SC 2nd semester

2. INTRODUCTION
The study was done with the
landless farmers of salboni, who
have lost their livelihood with
the incising industrialization.

3. OBJECTIVES AND TECHNIQUES
 Ethnography was done to obtain the
narratives and other data from the
villagers by interviews and observation
relating three main theories Development
by
Structural
transformation from agriculture to
industry pioneered by Arthur Lewis
 Double movement theory of Karl Polanyi
 Critique
of
Accumulation
by
dispossession of neoliberal economy
proposed by David Harvey

4. ETHNOGRAPHIC STRATEGY
MAINTAINED
• Classical ethnography
• Critical ethnography
• Interpretative ethnography

5. STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION
• Two-sector model (W. Arthur Lewis,1950)
• Empirical studies, both cross-sectional and timeseries (Hollis B. Chenery and his colleagues)

6. LIBERALISM
• This is attested by the
fact
that
hardly
anyone speaks out
against freedom or
democracy anymore,
which are the primary
values of liberalism.
• There are two types of
Liberalism –
1. Classical Liberalism
2. Modern Liberalism

7. DOUBLE MOVEMENT (KARL POLANYI)
Polanyi famously observed that early twentieth
century liberal attempts to “dis-embed” the market
from social controls created unprecedented social
dislocations, leading to widespread protective
“counter movements” to “re-embed” the market
within social constraints.

8. KEYNESIAN ECONOMY
• Based on the ideas of
20th century British
economist John Maynard
Keynes.
• It is a theory of macro
economics.
• It advocates a mixed
economy.
• It overturned the
mainstream thought of
the time.

9. KEYNESIAN ECONOMY
• Necessary for the government to step in
• General glut: demand for goods and services did not
meet supply
• Deficit spending during economic downturns
• Socialise economic life

10. NEO LIBERALISM
Neoliberalism is a label for
Economic
liberalism,
advocates of which support
economic liberalization, free
trade and open markets,
privatization,
deregulation,
and decreasing the size of
the public sector while
increasing the role of the
private sector in modern
society.

11. ACCUMULATION BY DISPOSITION
• Underconsumption or Overaccumulation
• Four main features:
 Privatization and commodification: process of transferring
ownership of a business, enterprise, agency, public service or public
property from the public sector (a government) to the private
sector
 Financialization : economic system or process that attempts to
reduce all value that is exchanged either into a financial instrument
or a derivative of a financial instrument.
 Management and manipulation of crises: By creating and
manipulating crises, such as by suddenly raising interest rates,
poorer nations can be forced into bankruptcy, and agreeing to
such deals like that of the structural adjustment programs can yield
more damages to those nations.
 State redistributions : reversing the flow from upper to lower classes
that had occurred during the era of embedded liberalism

12. THE NEOLIBERAL TURN
• Restructuring of state forms and of international
• The right blend
• Internationally construction of new world order
• state should focus on full employment, economic
growth, and the welfare of its citizens

13. EXPERIENCE
• During the work
• Farmers plight
• Dream in their eyes
• Thoughts for future
• Politicization of situation

15. INTRODUCTION
We have done our field work at west
Midnapur in Salboni Block area around the
JSW’S project. We have gone through the
villages which are suffering from various
problems of industrialization.

16. THE DISPOSITION: CONTACT, DEAL AND AGENTS
• The villagers of the above said villages got the news from
local CPIM party members that in the farm road area an
industry will be formed by Zindal.
• JSW contacted with people via local party for accumulation
of the planed area’s land by arranging few meetings.

17. TECHNIQUES OF POWER AND PERSUASION
• Went to the villagers’ house.
• Meet them individually
• Made them convinced about the benefit of the
project.

18. CONSENT AND SUBMISSION
• B.D.O, party members, JSW Officers all were present at
the meetings.
• In a strong belief that the project would be a great
help for them, the villagers has given their land.
• Villagers registered their lands from the Midnapur Court.

19. EXPERIENCES OF LAND SEIZURE AND LAND
DENIAL
• In some cases where some families denied to give
away their ancestral lands, people were threatened or
were attempted to be convinced several times.
• Some lands were seized on the pretext that the lands
were ‘patta’ land as the owners could not produce
legal land papers, they did not even get any money for
their land, and they tried to complain in B.D.O office.
But they were failed.

20. DISPOSSESSION
AND LOSS
• Got chaque from ZillaParisad Office.
• The villagers were happy for the money.
• When the wall was constructed around the area, then for the
very first time they started to feel that they have lost their
land.
• At that time the villagers started thinking that the decision
was taken in hurry, they should be had thought about it with
more time. Actually then most of the villagers became
aware about the loss.

21. THE ESTABLISHMENT
• JSW authority made the land isolated by building a wall
around the land.
• Then they started to appoint guards and labors.
• They built a new road for their constructional goods purpose.
• Then they started to appoint more labors for the construction
started and it was going on for one and half years.
• During this time, the local people had attained meeting
several times in demand of jobs at the JSW site.

22. EXTRA-LOCAL POLITICAL OPPONENTS AND
LOCAL EXPERIENCES
• From the villagers viewpoint we found some extra –local political
opponents such as Maoists/Jangal Bahini and Shanti Rakkha
Committee/ Harmads.
• According to the villagers, CPIM bring the Harmad from the
outside. They came to protect the villagers from the Maoists.
• They mobilized villagers to join them .
• The political conflict started from the end of 2007. But the
situation was out of control from the mid of 2008.
• Political conflict was in hike some murders also done by the anti
socials.
• Most of the people of the villagers left their house.
• They were feared and traumatized of the violent behavior done
by the anti socials.

23. TRAUMA AND MEMORIES OF FEAR AND
HUMILIATION
• The villagers were bound to take
part in the campaigns of HARMADs
in utter fear.
• The party members of CPIM came
into villages such as Asnasuli,
Srikrisnapur, Ramraidihi and told the
villagers that the villagers need to
carry the rifle to save the village
and also told to Join with Harmad.

24. PROMISES OF POWER AND STATE OF
DELAY
• Due to break the promises of providing job by JSW,
many families revolted against the company
• Families, who agreed on JSW’s deal, were also tried to
hold back their land, because the promise was broken.

25. PERCEPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
• According to the villagers Due to JSW’s project, there arises the
problem of climate change.
• Due to cutting the trees for the project, the total environment has
changed, low rainfall affects the cultivation.
• According to the villagers the level of the water of these areas are
become low due to lack of rainfall.
• Some people were worried that the air will be polluted and the sky will
hide its face behind the darkness of pollution caused by the factory.
• They apprehend the wastage of factory shall pollute land of the
villages.

26. EXPERIENCE

28. OVERVIEW
Present field work was done at west Midnapore
in Godapiasal area around the OCL project.
Surrounding the area of OCL factory, there are
many villages amongst which we have worked
in mainly 4 villages,
•
Kulipara
•
Kulapachuriya
•
Kamarmuri
•
Beaucha

29. OVERVIEW
SCHOOL:
1.Godapiasal Primary School
2.Mahatma Gandhi Memorial High School
3.Charubala Girls’ High School
4.ICDS School
COLLEGE:
1.Midnapore College
2.Gope College
UNIVERSITY:
•Vidyasagar University
HOSPITAL:
1.Godapiasal Prathamik Swastha Kendra
2.Midnapore Medical College & Hospital
Police station : Salboni

30. OVERVIEW
Caste group Contacted for study:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
DAS
SANTRA
MANDAL
SEN
SING
SINGHA
KAMAR
Sen,
Singha
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Kamar,
Kadma,
Adhikari
Majhi,
Banerjee,
Ray,
Biswas
Tribe group Contacted for study:
• HANSHDA
• HEMBRAM
• MURMU (SANTAL)
• NAPIT.
• Singh (Bhumij)
• Hansda (Santal)

31. THE DISPOSITION: CONTACT, DEAL AND AGENTS
• Contacted the Government
• Earmarked the land
• Direct Purchase route
• Seek local ruling party’s help

32. TECHNIQUES OF POWER AND PERSUASION
• Principally ‘Danga’ land were taken
• Local party members utilized
• Made them convinced about the benefit of the
project.

33. CONSENT AND SUBMISSION
• Many meetings were held.
• Rumors are spread
• pressure was made to be seen like Pleasure
• In a strong belief that the project would be a great
help for them, the villagers has given their land.

34. EXPERIENCES OF LAND SEIZURE AND LAND DENIAL
• In some cases where some families denied to give
away their ancestral lands, people were threatened or
were attempted to be convinced several times so that
they agree.
• The process of transfer started 2years before the work
started and it was completed in phases.

35. DISPOSSESSION AND LOSS
• Dispossession and loss is felt long after they have given
the land
• When the wall was constructed around the area, then
for the very first time they started to feel that they have
lost their land.
• Realization ; Compensation wasn’t
enough

36. THE ESTABLISHMENT
• Land was isolated by building a
wall around the land.
• Then they started to appoint
guards and labors.
• Contractors from places came to
work.
• Transformation of land
• Demand of jobs

37. EXTRA-LOCAL POLITICAL OPPONENTS AND
LOCAL EXPERIENCES
• Harmads : Good Or Evil ?
• Maoist : Savior or Satan ?

38. TRAUMA AND MEMORIES OF FEAR AND
HUMILIATION
• Trauma can still be seen in
the memory
• Domination by fear
• Punishment as humiliation

39. LOCAL GOVERNANCE
• Manipulation of governance
• Panchayat as middle man
• Change of power

40. PROMISES OF POWER AND STATE OF DELAY
• Delay in starting the plant making locals angry
• Promise of giving jobs were broken

41. PERCEPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
• Some people were worried that
the air will be polluted and the
sky will hide its face behind the
darkness of pollution caused by
the factory.
• FEAR: The wastage of factory
may pollute land of the villages.

42. EXPERIENCE

43. That’s
All
Folks